Preface

Land consolidation is to improve the efficiency of land use by harnessing the land with low efficiency, unreasonable use, unused and damaged by production and construction activities and natural disasters. Land consolidation has become an important part of the national strategy. It is an important means to protect cultivated land, stick to the red line of cultivated land, ensure the safety of national food production, improve the ecological environment, promote the construction of new socialist countryside and the coordinated development of urban and rural areas, and promote the economical and intensive use of land. It is also an important measure to solve the bottleneck of land use constraints in the process of economic and social development. After years of development, China’s land consolidation work has been growing from point to area, from small to large, with the support capacity of science and technology significantly strengthened, and the standards and specifications gradually improved. It has formed a work pattern with stable capital channels, high attention from leaders, active grassroots work, and enthusiastic participation of the masses. Due to the rapid development of land consolidation in recent years, there is an urgent need for a large number of land consolidation talents to enrich the field. Therefore, many colleges and universities have opened land consolidation related courses to cultivate land consolidation talents.
       Overall land use planning is not only the “leader” of land management in China, but also an important decision in the development of national economy and society, which plays an important role in ensuring the development of national economy and society. China’s overall land use planning started late, and its theory, method and content are in the process of continuous development and improvement. Land is the source of all things and the carrier of all human activities. Reasonable planning and utilization of land is an important guarantee for the sustainable development of regional economy and society. With the deepening of human understanding of land, the contents and methods of land use planning have been enriched and developed. China is a country with more people and less land. The per capita cultivated land is only 1.38 mu, less than 40% of the world average level. Therefore, land use planning is particularly important. The completed three rounds of land use planning plays an important regulatory role in farmland protection and land development and utilization. This book analyzes the situation of land use in China from the perspective of land consolidation and land space planning. Through reasonable planning research, it can make land use more scientific and reasonable, and create a sustainable land development and protection system of ecological civilization.

前 言

土地整治是对低效利用、不合理利用、未利用以及生产建设活动和自然灾害损毁的土地进行治理，以提高土地利用效率。土地整治已成为国家战略的重要组成部分，是保护耕地、坚守耕地红线、保障国家粮食生产安全、改善生态环境、促进社会主义新农村建设和城乡统筹发展、促进土地节约集约利用的重要手段，是破解经济社会发展进程中解决土地利用约束瓶颈的重要措施。经过多年的发展，我国的土地整治工作已经由点到面、由小到大，不断发展壮大，科技支撑能力明显加强，标准规范逐步完善，已形成资金渠道稳定。领导高度重视，基层工作积极，群众热情参与的工作格局。由于近年来土地整治发展迅速，迫切需要大量的土地整治方面的人才充实到该领域中去，为此，许多高校相继开设土地整治的相关课程，培养土地整治人才。
        土地利用总体规划是我国土地管理的“龙头”，也是国民经济与社会发展中的一项重要决策，对国民经济与社会发展起着重要的保障作用。我国的土地利用总体规划起步较晚，规划的理论、方法和内容正处于不断发展和完善的过程中。土地是万物之源，是人类所有活动的载体。合理的规划和利用土地是区域经济社会可持续发展的重要保证。随着人类对土地认识的不断深入和对土地的不断深化，土地利用规划的内容与方法也不断得到了丰富和发展。我国是人多地少的国家，人均耕地仅为 1.38 亩，不到世界平均水平的 40%，因此土地利用规划工作尤为重要。已经完成的三轮土地利用规划，对耕地保护和土地开发利用起着重要的调控作用。本书从土地整治和土地空间规划的角度分析了我国土地的利用情况，通过合理的规划研究，能够使土地利用更加科学合理，创建生态文明的可持续发展土地开发保护体系。