Preface

Geotechnical engineering is an important part of civil engineering and water conservancy engineering. It is an applied discipline which is based on the theory of geomechanics, rock mechanics and engineering geology, and uses various exploration and testing technologies to comprehensively renovate and utilize the rock and soil mass. It includes geotechnical engineering investigation, design, test, construction and monitoring, involving the whole process of civil engineering. Geotechnical engineering is a highly practical, imperfect and immature technology subject, which has great difficulty and potential. In practical projects, geotechnical problems are often main factors that affect the project investment and limit the construction period. If not handled properly, sometimes it will bring disastrous consequences. So far, the basic solution of geotechnical engineering problems is based on the engineering test, guided by the theory, conducted by the means of construction monitoring and adopts the method of constantly feedback and revising the design of construction scheme.
    Due to the wide range of geotechnical engineering, its personality under different conditions is also very obvious. Although the countermeasures and methods to deal with new problems of geotechnical engineering change with each passing day and emerge in endlessly, its exploitable potential is still great. Due to its limited space, this book must focus on “highlighting the theme, setting up the structure, focusing on the thinking, studying the law, pointing out the direction, and promoting the deepening”. It does not seek for the whole, but for the precise method, focusing on the thinking method, theoretical basis, basic principles and typical analysis of understanding, analyzing and solving problems. It does not want to replace and cannot replace the important role of a large number of existing materials and documents, but only wants to provide necessary help for better utilization and understanding of the existing large amount of materials and creation of new materials; it does not want to copy the related mathematical mechanics derivation, data charts and construction machines and methods in the existing materials and documents, but tries to make them get their own place, complement each other and cooperate with each other. As for references, in addition to selecting some representative works in various fields, this book mainly includes some new references that the editor has contacted and quoted. A large number of other existing documents can be obtained from relevant works. In addition, the establishment of the book system and the analysis, classification or evaluation of some problems naturally reflect the author’s own understanding, experience and views. It can only be regarded as a kind of opinion in “hundred schools of thought contend”, so as to create a loose atmosphere and environment for academic criticism and in-depth discussion.
    Due to the limited level of the author, there are inevitably mistakes and improprieties in the book. Readers are welcome to criticize and correct them.

前 言

岩土工程是土木、水利工程中的一个重要组成部分，是一门以土力学岩体力学及工程地质为理论基础，运用各种勘探测试技术对岩土体进行综合整治改造和利用而进行系统性工作的应用学科，它包括岩土工程勘察、设计、试验、施工和监测，涉及土建工程的全过程。岩土工程是一门实践性很强、至今尚属不够完善、不够成熟技术学科，其难度大，潜力也很大。在实际工程中，岩土问题往往是影响工程投资和制约工期的主要因素，如果处理不当，有时会带来灾难性的后果。到目前为止，解决岩土工程问题还是基本遵循以工程试验为基础，以理论为指导，以施工监控为手段，不断反馈和修正设计施工方案的方法。
     由于岩土工程的涉及面十分广阔，它不同条件下的个性也十分明显。虽然处理岩土工程新问题的对策和方法日新月异，层出不穷，但它的可开发潜力仍然很大。本书因篇幅有限，必须在“突出主题，搭好结构，着重思路，研究规律，指明方向，推动深化”上下工夫，不求全求多，但求精求法，注重于认识问题、分析问题和解决问题的思维方法、理论依据、基本原则与典型剖析。它不想替代、也无法替代已有大量资料文献的重要作用，只想尽量为更好地利用与理解现有大量资料和创造新的资料提供必要的帮助； 它也不想大篇地抄录已有资料文献中有关的数学力学推导、数据图表和施工的机具与方法步骤，而是努力使它们各得其所，互相补充，彼此配合。关于参考文献，本书除选择各领域内一些具有代表性的著作外，主要包括编者接触到和引用到的一些新文献。 其他大量已有的文献可以从各有关著作得到。此外，本书体系的建立和对一些问题的分析、 分类或评价， 自然反映了编著者自己的认识、体会与观点。它只可视为“百家争鸣”中的一种见解，以便为学术批评与深入探讨创造一种宽松的气氛与环境。

   由于作者水平有限，书中难免有错误和不当之处，敬请读者批评指正。