Preface
The rapid development of economy and science and technology has a great impact on all walks of life at this stage, especially with the continuous improvement of people’s living standards and the rising awareness of environmental protection. Environmental protection and the promotion of the harmonious development of human and nature have become a common cognition of people. The environmental awareness of a country and a nation is an important sign to measure the social development and progress and the level of national civilization. Environmental protection has long been listed as one of China’s“basic national policies”. Strengthening environmental education is the basic project to improve the environmental awareness of the whole nation and realize the basic national policy of environmental protection.
The first chapter of this paper explains related concepts of environment, such as the constitution and problems of environment; the second chapter mainly studies the common environmental problems in the world at present, including climate change, ozone destruction, acid rain, biodiversity reduction, land desertification, forest vegetation destruction, freshwater resource crisis and so on. It also explains the impact on environmental pollution, especially the harm to human health; the fourth to eighth chapters mainly look for effective countermeasures for the common environmental pollution problems in the world, such as air pollution control measures, water pollution control measures, soil pollution control measures, acoustic pollution control measures. Next, the related concepts of environmental management are expressed and appropriate measures for monitoring and evaluating the environment are found.
前 言
经济与科技的飞速发展对现阶段的各行各业都产生了极大的影响，尤其体现在随着人们生活水平的不断提升，环境保护意识逐渐抬头，环保与促进人与自然的和谐发展已经成为人们的普遍认知， 一个国家、一个民族的环境意识是衡量社会发展进步和民族文明程度的重要标志。环境保护，早已被列为我国的一项基本国策，而加强环境教育，则是提高全民族的环境意识，实现环境保护这一基本国策的基础工程。
本文第一章对环境的相关概念进行了阐释，例如环境的构成、问题等；第二章主要对现阶段世界范围内所面临的共同环境问题进行了系统的研究， 包含气候变化、臭氧破坏、酸雨、生物多样性的减少、土地荒漠化、森林植被破坏、淡水资源危机等内容；对环境污染所造成的影响，尤其是对于人体健康的危害进行了阐释；第四至第八章主要对世界范围内所共同面临的环境污染问题寻找其有效对策，例如寻找大气污染的治理措施、水体污染的治理措施、土壤污染的治理措施、噪声污染的治理措施，接下来对于环境管理的相关概念进行了表达以及寻找合适的监测环境与评价环境的措施。
Xiu-Jie Zhao, female, the Han nationality, engineer, bachelor’s degree, born in Wudi County, Binzhou City, Shandong Province in August 1984. She graduated from Qingdao University of Science and Technology in environmental science. She got the master’s degree in China University of Petroleum in environmental engineering. Her research direction includes: environmental impact assessment, environmental pollution control engineering, clean production, etc. At present, she serves as the director of the department of business in Binzhou Hengbiao Environmental Consulting Co., Ltd.
赵秀杰，女，汉族， 1984 年 8 月生，山东省滨州市无棣县人，工程师。本科毕业于青岛科技大学环境科学专业，在职研究生毕业于中国石油大学（华东）环境工程专业。研究方向：环境影响评价、环境污染治理工程、清洁生产等。现任职于滨州市恒标环境咨询有限公司业务部主任。
Wen Zhu, female, the Han nationality, master’s degree, born in Zhongwei City, Ningxiain September 1991. She graduated from Beijing University of Chemical Technology in chemical engineering and technology. At present, she is the director of the department of technology in Ningxia Huazheng Testing Technology Co., Ltd. And she is mainly engaged in environmental protection technical consulting service. As the project leader, she has successively led the team to complete the environmental protection acceptance of national key chemical projects, the investigation and analysis of suspected pollution plots of key enterprises in Ningxia, the investigation of odor pollution sources of key enterprises in the chemical park, etc.
朱雯，女，汉族， 1991 年 9 月生，宁夏中卫人，硕士研究生， 2014 年毕业于北京化工大学化学工程与技术专业。现任宁夏华正检测技术有限公司技术部主任一职，主要从事环保技术咨询服务工作，作为项目负责人，先后带领团队完成国家级重点化工项目竣工环境保护验收、宁夏重点行业企业疑似污染地块调查分析、化工园区重点排污企业恶臭污染源排查等工作。
Long-Ying Wang, female, the Han nationality, bachelor’s degree, engineer, born in Nanyang City, Henan Province in June 1971. At present, she works in Nanyang Ecological Environment Monitoring Center of Henan Province and is in charge of laboratory analysis and testing. She presided over and participated in the compilation of several acceptance reports, such as “Expansion Project of Henan Wanxi Pharmaceutical Factory with an Annual Output of 20 Million Bottles of Concentrated Liuwei Dihuang Pills”. She pulished papers such as “Application of SBR Method in Wastewater Treatment of Traditional Chinese Medicine Enterprises”, “Study on the Treatment of Production Wastewater in Wanxi Pharmaceutical Factory”, “Discussion on Microbial Fertilizer”, etc.
王龙瑛，女，汉族， 1971 年 6 月生，河南省南阳市人，本科学历。工程师，现就职于河南省南阳生态环境监测中心， 负责实验室分析测试工作。 参加完成了数百家大、中、小排污企业的验收、整改、扩建项目的监测化验分析工作。主持或参与编写验收报告数篇，如《河南宛西制药厂年产 2000 万瓶浓缩六味地黄丸扩建工程》。发表了《SBR 法在中药企业废水治理中的应用》《宛西制药厂生产废水治理研究》《微生物肥料探讨》等。
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