Preface
It has been a long time since human beings dealt with rock and soil to solve problems related to clothing, food, housing and transportation, and they have accumulated rich experience. With the development of modern engineering construction to a larger, deeper, higher and heavier direction, it brings a series of new problems to geotechnical engineering. The traditional and experienced geotechnical engineering technology has been unable to meet the requirements of quality, speed, environment, durability and safety in contemporary engineering construction. Geotechnical engineering has established its own more complete system, more powerful theory, more advanced technology, as well as the operation method in accordance with the objective laws, so that geotechnical engineering will rise from technology to science, and people can use science to develop technology and innovate technology, which is the general trend.
Due to the wide range of geotechnical engineering, its personality under different conditions is also very obvious. Although the countermeasures and methods to deal with the new problems of geotechnical engineering change with each passing day and emerge in endlessly, its exploitable potential is still great. Due to the limited space, we must work hard on “highlighting the theme, setting up the structure, focusing on the ideas, studying the laws, pointing out the direction, and promoting the deepening”. Instead of seeking for more, we should seek for the precise method, and pay attention to the thinking method, theoretical basis, basic principle and typical analysis of understanding, analyzing and solving problems. It can not replace the important role of the existing large amount of materials and documents, and can only provide necessary help for better utilization and understanding of the existing large amount of materials and creation of new materials. The establishment of system of the book and the analysis, classification or evaluation of some problems naturally reflect the author’s own understanding, experience and views. It can only be regarded as a kind of opinion in the phenomenon of “Schools of Thought Contend”, aiming to create a loose atmosphere and environment for academic criticism and in-depth discussion.
前 言
人类和岩土打交道来解决自己衣、食、住、行中的有关问题已经年代久远，也已经积累了丰富的经验。由于现代的工程建设不断向更大、更深、更高、更重的方向发展，它又给岩土工程带来了一系列的新的问题。传统的、经验性的岩土工程技术，已经越来越不能够与当代工程建设在质量、速度、环境、耐久以及安全等方面的要求相适应。岩土工程建立起自已更完整的体系，更有力的理论，更先进的技术，以及符合客观规律的运作方法， 使岩土工程从技术上升到科学， 用科学来发展技术、创新技术已是大势之所趋。
由于岩土工程的涉及面十分广阔，它不同条件下的个性也十分明显。虽然处理岩土工程新问题的对策和方法日新月异，层出不穷，但它的可开发潜力仍然很大。因篇幅有限，必须在“突出主题、搭好结构、着重思路、研究规律、指明方向、推动深化”上下工夫，不求全求多，但求精求法，注重于认识问题、分析问题和解决问题的思维方法、理论依据、基本原则与典型剖析。它不想替代、也无法替代已有大量资料文献的重要作用，只想尽量为更好地利用与理解现有大量资料和创造新的资料提供必要的帮助。本书体系的建立和对一些问题的分析、分类或评价，自然反映了编著者自己的认识、体会与观点。它只可视为“百家争鸣”中的一种见解，以便为学术批评与深入探讨创造一种宽松的气氛与环境。
Han Wang, male, senior engineer of prospecting engineering, registered associate constructor, born in Hanzhong City, Shaanxi Province in November 1969. In 1990, he graduated from Changchun Metallurgical Geology College in the major of drilling engineering. He graduated from Northwestern Polytechnical University with a bachelor’s degree in the major of civil engineering in 2010. Now he is the project manager of Northwest Nonferrous Engineering Co., Ltd. He has been engaged in geotechnical engineering investigation, design, construction management, core drilling, reinforcement of dangerous rock and dangerous houses, bolt (cable) construction and research, development and application of special technology for more than 30 years.
王瀚，男， 1969 年 11 月生，陕西汉中人， 1990 年毕业于长春冶金地质专科学校钻探工程专业， 2010 年毕业于西北工业大学土木工程专业，大学本科学历。探矿工程高级工程师，二级注册建造师，现任西北有色工程有限责任公司项目经理，从事岩土工程勘察、设计、施工管理，岩心钻探、危岩危房加固、锚杆（索）施工与特种技术研究开发应用工作三十多年。
Fan-Xiang Meng, male, the Han nationality, senior engineer, registered geotechnical engineer, born in Shijiazhuang City, Hebei Province in 1964. He graduated from North China University Of Water Resources and Electric Power with a bachelor’s degree. He has been engaged in geotechnical engineering investigation, geotechnical engineering design and foundation treatment engineering for 35 years. He has obtained certificates of Demonstration Experts of Divisional and Subdivisional Projects With High Risk in Hebei Province, Senior Experts of Engineering Safety Production in Hebei Province, Experts of Engineering Survey and Design Expert Database in Hebei Province, etc.
孟凡象，男，汉族， 1964 年生，河北省石家庄人，本科，毕业于华北水利水电学院。从事岩土工程勘察、岩土工程设计、地基处理工程工作 35 年，高级工程师，注册岩土工程师。获得河北省危险性较大的分部分项工程论证专家、河北省工程安全生产资深专家、河北省工程勘察设计专家库专家等证书。
Chang-Hui Zhou, male, Gaeml nationality, senior engineer, associate constructor, born in Shiqian County, Guizhou Province in September 1966. He graduated from Hunan University of Science and Technology with a major in exploration technology and engineering. From 1988 to 2003, he was engaged in hydrogeology and engineering geology in the department of production technology of Huopu mine of Guizhou Panjiang Investment Holding (Group) Co., Ltd. From 2004 to 2012, he was engaged in geotechnical engineering investigation and served as the project leader of Sichuan Deyuan Geotechnical Engineering Co., Ltd. Since 2012, he has been in charge of Guizhou branch of Sichuan Deyuan Geotechnical Engineering Co., Ltd. He is mainly engaged in geotechnical engineering investigation, design, construction and geological disaster investigation, design, evaluation, construction and other related work.
周昌慧，男，侗族， 1966 年 9 月生，贵州省石阡县人，毕业于湖南科技大学勘查技术与工程专业。 1988-2003 在贵州盘江投资控股（集团）有限公司火铺矿生产技术科从事水文地质与工程地质工作， 2004-2012 在四川得圆岩土工程有限责任公司担任项目负责人从事岩土工程勘察工作， 2012 至今在四川得圆岩土工程有限责任公司贵州分公司负责人，高级工程师，二级建造师，主要从事岩土工程勘察、设计，施工和地灾勘查、设计、评估、施工等相关工作。
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