Preface

China is a developing country with more people and less land. According to the assessment, the reasonable number of China’s cultivated land bearing population is 800 million, and the maximum theoretical bearing capacity is only 1.5 billion. By the end of 1998, China’s population had reached 1.248 trillion, and it would reach 1.5 billion in 2020. The highest peak would reach 1.6 billion. Land remediation is the consolidation of unreasonably used land, the restoration of disaster-damaged agricultural land, the abandoned land of industrial and mining enterprises and temporary transportation land, and the development of reserve land resources, which is aimed at improving the utilization rate of the land and ensuring the sustainable use of land resources. At present, the situation of cultivated land protection in China is becoming increasingly prominent. The state has accordingly proposed to strictly adhere to the red line of 1.8 billion mu of cultivated land, raising the status of cultivated land protection to the height of national strategic security. In addition, the state has also continuously put forward major measures for the construction of a new socialist countryside and the coordinated development of urban and rural areas. Objectively speaking, the status of land remediation is also continuously improved. Therefore, recent land remediation activities not only require land expansion and grain increase, but also meet the new requirements of opportunities and challenges faced by land remediation. High-standard basic farmland construction, construction land remediation, land development and reclamation, and urban and rural construction land increase and decrease should be included in the scope of land remediation activities. Therefore, the content of land remediation will continue to expand, and the scope, field, and coverage will also increase, which will put forward higher requirements for the implementation and management of land remediation planning. At the same time, the improvement of the importance of land remediation planning will also bring very favorable conditions for the implementation and management of land remediation planning. This book systematically introduces land remediation and urban-rural planning to provide theoretical guidance materials for future work.

前 言

我国是一个人多地少的发展中国家。据评估，我国耕地承载人口的合理数量为8 亿，最大理论承载量也只有 15 亿，而 1998 年末我国人口已达 12.481 亿， 2020 年将达到 15 亿，最高峰将达到 16 亿。土地整治是以提高土地利用率、保障土地资源可持续利用为目的，对未合理利用土地的整理，对灾毁农地、工矿企业废弃地和临时交通用地的修复，以及开发后备土地资源等活动。目前，我国的耕地保护形势日趋突出， 国家相应提出了要严格坚守 18 亿亩耕地红线， 把耕地保护的地位提升到了国家战略安全的高度。另外，国家也不断提出社会主义新农村建设和城乡统筹发展的重大举措，从客观上来说，土地整治的地位也在不断提升。所以近期的土地整治活动不仅要求扩地增粮，还要满足土地整治面临的机遇与挑战的新要求，要把高标准基本农田建设、建设用地整治、土地开发复垦、城乡建设用地增减挂钩等内容纳入到土地整治活动的范围。因此，土地整治活动的内容将会不断扩充，涉及的范围、领域、覆盖面也会不断增大，这对土地整治规划实施管理将会提出更高的要求。同时， 土地整治规划重要性的提升也会为土地整治规划实施管理带来十分有利的条件。本书系统介绍了土地整治与城乡规划，为今后的工作提供理论指导材料。