Preface

As the main body of ecological economy, forestry can not only effectively promote the economic development of our country, but also promote the construction of our ecological environment system, which plays a crucial role in the sustainable development of our economy and society. With the gradual improvement of people’s awareness of ecological environment protection, China’s forestry ushered in new opportunities for development, but also will face greater challenges.
     Forestry engineering project is a decision-making and implementation activity combining forestry investment behavior and forestry construction behavior. Affected by human, financial, material, time, technology, information and other resources, the project management is complex and needs to be completed by several units in cooperation. In order to learn from foreign advanced technology and management experience, Chinese governments at all levels started to implement “Forestry Development Project”, “National Afforestation Project”, “Forest Resource Development and Protection Project”, “Forestry Development Project in Poverty-stricken Areas”, “Forestry Sustainable Development Project”, “Forestry Comprehensive Development Project”, “Ecological Afforestation Project in Shandong Province”, “Guangxi Forestry Comprehensive Development and Protection Project” and other forestry engineering construction projects successively with World Bank loans since 1980s. In the 21st century, China has reached an agreement with the European Investment Bank, which has successively implemented forestry special framework loan projects and climate change response framework loan projects in 12 provinces and regions including Shandong, Liaoning, Guizhou and Jiangxi, involving timber forest, national reserve forest, forestry biomass energy, forest carbon sink, etc. The implementation of the forestry projects loaned by these international financial organizations has effectively made up for the insufficient investment of forestry funds and accelerated the cultivation of forest resources in China.

前 言

林业作为生态经济的主体，既可以有效的推动我国经济的发展，也可以促进我国生态环境系统的建设，对我国经济和社会的可持续发展有着至关重要的作用。随着人们生态环境保护意识逐步提高，让我国的林业迎来了新的发展机遇，同时也将面临着更大的挑战。
       林业工程项目是一种林业投资行为和林业建设行为相结合的决策与实施活动，受人力、财力、物力、时间、技术、信息等多种资源的影响；项目在管理上具有复杂性，需要由若干单位共同协作完成。为借鉴国外先进的技术和管理经验，中国各级政府从 20 世纪 80 年代开始， 利用世界银行贷款相继启动实施了“林业发展项目”“国家造林项目”“森林资源发展和保护项目”“贫困地区林业发展项目”“林业持续发展项目”“林业综合发展项目”“山东生态造林项目”“广西林业综合发展和保护项目” 等一批林业工程建设项目； 进入 21 世纪， 又与欧洲投资银行达成协议，相继在山东、辽宁、贵州、江西等 12 个省区利用欧洲投资银行实施了林业专项框架贷款项目、应对气候变化框架贷款项目，涉及用材林、国家储备林、林业生物质能源、森林碳汇等建设内容。这些国际金融组织贷款林业项目的实施，有效弥补了林业资金投入不足的问题，加快了我国森林资源培育。