Preface

Water resources are indispensable and valuable resources for human survival and development. With the rapid development of the national economy and the improvement of living standards, the demand for water resources is growing, and the contradiction between supply and demand is increasingly prominent. Groundwater is an important part of water resources and the material basis for human survival. The quality of groundwater is related to the development of national economy and health. However, in recent years, due to the impact of human activities, especially urban sewage and garbage, as well as emissions of waste gas, waste water, waste residue and the use of a large number of pesticides and fertilizers, groundwater pollution has become increasingly prominent, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of the national economy, threatens the health of human beings, and brings great pressure on the environment. Therefore, effective and reasonable measures must be taken to use advanced technological means to effectively repair the water ecology and alleviate environmental pressures to protect the beautiful ecological environment.

This book briefly discusses the hydrogeology, the water cycle of nature, the classification of groundwater and the occurrence, the basic law of groundwater movement, the chemical composition of groundwater and its formation, groundwater recharge, discharge and runoff, groundwater dynamic and equilibrium, the system of groundwater, groundwater of different pore formation, special type of groundwater, analysis and evaluation of groundwater resources and development management, the function of ecosystem and the degradation of ecosystem, ecosystem degradation degree judgment, ecological protection, ecological restoration and river ecological restoration, the restoration of aquatic ecosystems, etc.

前言

水资源是人类生存和发展不可缺少的宝贵资源。随着国民经济建设的迅速发展和人民生活水平的提高，对水资源的需求不断增长，供需矛盾日益突出。地下水是水资源的重要组成部分，是人类赖以生存的物质基础。地下水的好坏关系到国民经济的发展和人们的身体健康，然而近年来由于人类活动的影响，特别是城市生活污水、垃圾以及工业“三废”的排放，农业生产大量使用农药化肥等，导致地下水污染问题日益突出，严重制约着国民经济的可持续发展，威胁着人类的生命健康，同时也给环境带来了很大的压力。因此，必须采取有效合理的措施，运用先进的技术手段，对水生态进行有效的修复，缓解环境压力，让人们能够拥有美好的生态环境。

本书经通过水文地质概述、自然界的水循环，地下水的分类与赋存，地下水运动的基本规律，地下水的化学成分及其形成，地下水的补给、排泄与径流，地下水的动态与均衡，地下水系统，不同孔隙岩层中的地下水，特殊类型地下水，地下水资源分析评价与开发管理，生态系统的功能及退化的生态系统，生态系统退化程度的判断，生态保护，生态修复，流域生态修复，水生生态系统的修复等方面进行了简要的论述。