Preface

Transportation is the basic and leading industry of national economy. The development level of this industry has a very important connection with the development of national economy.With the rapid development of the world economy, China’s politics and economy have also been greatly improved. In transportation, from a single means of vehicle in the past to the common development of a variety means of vehicles, the development of transportation is more diversified, and the development level of transportation is also improved. As an important part of economic development, transportation cannot be ignored. After the reform and opening up, China’s industrial and agricultural production has developed rapidly, and its economic foundation has been strengthened day by day. With the urbanization process and th acceleration of economic development, new requirements have been put forward for the transportation between cities, cities and rural areas, and between rural areas.
    At the same time, with the rapid development of social economy and the improvement of science and technology, the further development of design, construction and management technology of road and bridge in China has been greatly promoted.
    The modernization of the bridge has introduced innovative ideas. Combined with the current social development situation, road and bridge engineering projects not only need to formulate scientific, reasonable and practical planning and design according to local conditions, but also need to pay attention to different road and bridge projects in the field construction process, as well as effective management measures and means from organization, cost, progress to quality, safety and technology, it’s all the most important. We are no longer satisfied with ensuring the safety and applicability of road and bridge use, but also adhere to the strategic factors of sustainable development, and put forward further requirements for improving the beautification of the engineering environmental landscape and strengthening the environmental protection in the construction process.
    Of course, since the reform and opening up, especially in the past ten years, China has made great achievements in all aspects of the development of road, bridge and transportation. However, there are still some problems in the development process, which to some extent restrict the faster development of China’s road and bridge transportation system, thus restricting the sustainable development speed of China’s economic construction.
    The design of highway and bridge has always been one of the most important problems in the construction of road and bridge. People’s enthusiasm for the design of highway bridge and modern transportation is growing, and the construction of road and bridge is becoming more and more mature. However, there are still some problems in the construction of roads and bridges, especially in the design of roads and bridges and transportation. In each chapter of this book, the author points out the existence and causes of the problems, and makes relevant measures and reflections on them, hoping to provide reference for the majority of road and bridge workers, which is also the intention of compiling the book Road Traffic and Bridge Engineering.
    As this book covers a lot of contents, involves complicated knowledge and many writers, the format, depth and breadth of each chapter may not be the same, and fallacies are inevitable, readers are welcome to comment and correct.

前 言

交通运输是国民经济的基础性、先导性产业，该产业的发展水平与国民经济的发展有着极为重要的联系。随着世界经济的高速发展，我国的政治经济也同样得到了较大的提高,在交通运输上由过去单一的交通工具，变成多种交通工具的共同发展，使得交通运输的发展更加多样化，交通运输的发展水平也有所提高。作为经济发展的重要一环，交通运输不容忽视。而我国在改革开放后，工农业生产迅速发展，经济基础日益增强，随着城市化进程以及经济发展的加快对连接城市与城市、城市与农村、农村与农村间的交通运输状况提出了新的要求。
      与此同时，随着社会经济的快速发展，科学技术水平的日益改善，极大程度上推进了我国道路桥梁设计、施工与管理技术的进一步发展。

现代化的桥梁引进了创新的理念，结合当前社会的发展形势，道路桥梁工程项目不仅需要因地制宜地制定出科学合理且切实可行的规划设计，不同道路桥梁在现场施工过程中的需要注意的事项，以及从组织、成本、进度到质量、安全、技术的有效管理措施手段都是重中之重。我们不再满足于保证道路桥梁使用的安全性、适用性，更秉持着可持续发展战略因素，对提高工程环境景观的美化性，加强施工过程对环境的保护提出了进一步的要求。
       当然，改革开放以来，尤其近十多年，我国在道路桥梁与交通运输发展的各个方面都取得了较大的成就，不过，发展过程中依然面临着一些问题，且这些问题一定程度上制约了我国道路桥梁交通运输体系的更快发展，从而制约了我国经济建设的可持续发展速度。

一直以来高速公路与桥梁的设计都是路桥建设中倍为关注的问题之一，人们对公路桥梁与现代化交通运输设计的热情日益高涨，道路桥梁建设也日渐成熟。但是在道路桥梁建设中，特别是道路桥梁与交通运输的设计方面仍存在相关的问题，这本书在各章节中都有指出问题的存在及原因，并对此做了相关措施和思考，希望可以对广大路桥工作者提供参考，这也是我们编写《道路交通与桥梁工程》这本书的用意所在。
        由于本书包罗内容较多，涉及知识较繁琐，编写人员较多，各章节内容的格式、深度和广度可能并不一致，且谬误无可避免，敬请广大读者批评指正。