Preface

Since the industrial revolution, especially since the 1950s, with the rapid increase ofpopulation, the continuous improvement of living standards and the progress of human society, the intensity and depth of human exploitation and plunder of environmental resources have also been increasing. At the same time, a large number of wastes (waste water, wastes, waste gas and noise) have been discharged into the environment, causing unprecedented damage and interference to the ecological environment. As a result, a variety of pollution problems, natural disasters and ecological damage have emerged. At the same time, the polluted environment and unbalanced ecology in turn bring inconvenience and harm to human production and life, even disaster. Therefore, the environmental problems have aroused the widespread concern of the international community. The environmental crisis brought by industrial civilization has affected the healthy survival and development of human beings. To build a harmonious society, we need to build ecological civilization first, and the construction of ecological civilization needs public participation. Citizens should set up environmental morality and take part in the practical action of environmental protection. We can’t miss doing any good thing no matter how insignificant it looks. The earth environment is a complex ecosystem. To solve the environmental problems faced by human beings, it needs the cooperation of various disciplines and the coordinated development of multi disciplines.
    With the continuous development of China’s economy, new environmental problems continue to appear, and the corresponding environmental protection work is also in the process of rapid development. Today, human beings have entered a new era of ecological civilization. We should realize that human beings are part of the life community of the earth. We should understand the natural ecology scientifically, respect the nature, conform to the nature and protect the nature, recognize that the natural ecosystem is the second wealth besides the social products, and fully consider the bearing capacity of the natural ecology for the social and economic development. We should save resources, protect the environment, repair the ecology. We should strive to achieve the harmonious, innovative, coordinated, green, open and shared development of human and natural ecology, and realize the common “sustainable development” between human and nature.

前 言

工业革命以来，尤其是 20 世纪 50 年代以来，随着人口数量的剧增、生活水平的不断提高和人类社会的进步，人类对环境资源的开发掠夺的强度和深度也日益增加，同时将大量的废物（废水、废弃物、废气和噪声等）排入环境，使生态环境遭受前所未有的破坏和干扰，从而产生了各种污染问题、自然灾害以及生态破坏。与此同时，污染的环境和失去平衡的生态反过来也给人类的生产生活带来了不便和危害，甚至是灾难。因此，环境问题引起了国际社会的广泛关注。工业文明带来的环境危机已经影响到人类的健康生存与发展。构建和谐社会首先需要建设生态文明，而生态文明建设需要公众参与。公民应树立环境道德，参与保护环境的实际行动，勿以善小而不为。地球环境是一个复杂的生态系统，解决人类面临的环境问题需要各专业相互合作及多学科协同发展。
      随着我国经济的不断发展，新的环境问题不断出现，相应的环境保护工作也在快速发展过程中。在今天，人类要进入生态文明的新时代，就是认识到人是地球生命共同体的一分子，要科学认识自然生态，尊重自然、顺应自然、保护自然，承认自然生态系统是除社会产品外的第二财富，充分考虑自然生态对社会经济发展的承载力。节约资源，保护环境，修复生态，达到人与自然生态、和谐，创新、协调、绿色、开放、共享，实现人与自然共同的“可持续发展”。