Preface
The Yellow River is the mother river of the Chinese nation, which breeds the splendid Chinese civilization, but it is also a complex and difficult river to control. With the passage of time, there are various new problems in the management of the Yellow River, and the water volume is decreasing year by year. Similarly, with the economic
development, the development around the Yellow River and the establishment of various factories have seriously polluted the water resources of the Yellow River. The existence of these problems has seriously affected the water quality of the Yellow River. Therefore, we should reasonably plan and protect the mother river, and establish a separate protection agency for supervision and management. This book mainly describes the situation of the Yellow River Basin in recent years, and studies the water resource management and protection of the Yellow River. It is hoped that this book can bring readers reference opinions and play a role in relieving the pressure of the Yellow River.
Water is the source of life, the key of production and the base of ecology. With the economic development and social progress, water has gradually developed from the lifeblood of agriculture to the lifeblood of the whole national economic construction and ecological construction, profoundly affecting all aspects of economic and social life directly related to national economic security, food security, ecological security, social stability and sustainable development.
The Yellow River has less water and more sand, and the relationship between water and sediment is not harmonious. The rapid development of economy and society and the benign maintenance of ecological environment in the Yellow River Basin and the areas beyond its lower reaches all put forward higher requirements for water resources. The contradiction between supply and demand of water resources in the Yellow River area is increasingly prominent, and the competition for water is increasingly fierce. On the one hand, the severe water shortage situation has led to a large number of industrial projects in some regions being unable to be approved due to water shortage, and nearly 10 million mu (1 mu = 1 / 15 Hm2, the same later) of farmland in the basin cannot be irrigated, which seriously restricts the sustainable development of economy and society. On the other hand, many areas do not pay attention to the endowment conditions of water resources, and use water resources excessively to occupy a large amount of water in the ecological environment, which leads to the deterioration of the relationship between river ecological environment and water and sediment. At the same time, many kinds of contradictions are complex, which makes the task of water resource management and regulation of the Yellow River very difficult. Therefore, it is urgent to carry out in-depth research on many problems existing in the utilization and protection of water resources in the Yellow River Basin, and put forward reasonable allocation, protection and management schemes according to the characteristics of water resources in the Yellow River Basin.
前 言
黄河是中华民族的母亲河，它孕育了光辉灿烂的华夏文明，但是黄河也是一条复杂难治的河流。伴随着时间的流逝，黄河在治理方面出现了各种各样的新问题，水量在逐年下降；同样随着经济的发展，黄河周边进行开发，各种工厂建立，严重污染黄河水资源。这些问题的存在严重影响到了黄河水质，因此，我们应合理规划与保护母亲河，建立单独的保护机构进行监督与管理。本书主要讲述了黄河流域近年来的流域情况，针对黄河水资源管理与保护进行研究。希望这本书可以为读者带来参考意见，为缓解黄河的压力起到作用。
水是生命之源、生产之要、生态之基。随着经济发展和社会进步，水已逐步从农业的命脉发展成为整个国民经济建设与生态建设的命脉，深刻影响着经济社会生活的各个方面直接关系到国家经济安全、粮食安全、生态安全、社会稳定和可持续发展。
黄河水少沙多，水沙关系不协调，黄河流域及其下游流域外黄河地区经济社会的迅速发展和生态环境的良性维持均对水资源提出了较高要求，黄河流城水资源供需矛盾日益突出，用水竞争日益激烈。一方面，严峻的缺水形势导致部分地区大量工业项目由于缺水而无法立项，并导致流域内近 1000 万亩（1 亩=1/15 hm2，后同）农田无法灌溉，严重制约经济社会的可持续发展；另一方面，很多地区又不顾水资源的禀赋条件，竭泽而渔，过度利用水资源，大量挤占生态环境水量，导致河流生态环境和水沙关系不断恶化；同时，多种矛盾错综复杂，使黄河水资源管理与调度的任务十分艰巨。因此，亟须针对黄河流域水资源利用与保护中存在的诸多问题进行深人研究，针对黄河水资源特点，提出合理的配置和保护管理方案。
Gui-Qin Jian, female, the Han nationality, bachelor’s degree, major in economic management, born in Zibo City, Shandong Province in August 1965. She took part in the work in December 1984, and she has successively served as the economist and senior economist of Water Supply Bureau of Shandong Yellow River Bureau. She is devoted to the research and promotion of efficient utilization of water resources of the Yellow River, and participated in the adjustment of water price of the Yellow River by the National Development and Reform Commission in 2013. She has achieved good economic and social benefits by playing the role of water price leverage, promoting the intensive and economical utilization of water resources in the Yellow River, and has been awarded by the Yellow River Water Conservancy Commission.
见桂芹，女，汉族， 1965 年 8 月生，山东淄博人，本科学历，经济管理专业， 1984年 12 月参加工作，先后担任山东黄河河务局供水局经济师、高级经济师。致力于黄河水资源高效利用的研究与推广，参与了 2013 年国家发改委对黄河水水价调整工作，通过发挥水价杠杆作用，促进黄河水资源集约、节约利用，取得良好的经济社会效益，受到黄河水利委员会通令嘉奖。
Zhen Feng, female, the Han nationality, bachelor’s degree, master of engineering, born in Xintai City, Shandong Province in March 1982. She took part in the work in July 2004, and successively served as the economist and senior engineer of Liaocheng Yellow River Bureau. She has obtained the national associate constructor of water conservancy and hydropower engineering and municipal public engineering. She is engaged in water resource management and regulation of the Yellow River, project management, operation and maintenance and other related technical work. She is hard-working, dedicated and
innovative. She has been rated as Advanced Worker, Excellent Communist Party Member and Pioneer Post of Communist Party Member for many years in a row.
封真，女，汉族， 1982 年 3 月生，山东新泰人，本科学历，工程硕士。 2004 年 7月参加工作，先后担任聊城黄河河务局经济师、高级工程师，取得水利水电工程专业、市政公用工程专业国家二级建造师。从事黄河水资源管理与调度、工程管理运行维护等相关技术工作。工作中勤奋、敬业，敢于创新，连续多年被评为先进工作者、优秀共产党员及共产党员先锋岗等称号。
Zi-Li Zhang, male, the Han nationality, CPC member, bachelor’s degree, born in Dong’e County, Shandong Province in December 1973. He took part in the work in August 1994. He has successively been engaged in economic management, engineering management, water resource management and dispatching, water diversion measurement, flood control and other technical and management work. He was appointed as the engineer and senior engineer of Liaocheng Yellow River Bureau. He successively served as the deputy section chief of the management section, the deputy director of the Economic Management Bureau, and the director of the gate management office. He has been awarded the title of Advanced Individual in “the Ninth Five Year Plan Project Management”, Advanced Individual in the Economic Management of the Provincial Bureau by the Yellow Committee. He has been awarded the honorary titles of Advanced Individual and Excellent Communist Party
Member by the Municipal Bureau for many consecutive years.
张子利，男，汉族， 1973 年 12 月生，山东东阿县人，中共党员，本科学历。 1994年 8 月参加工作，先后从事经济管理、工程管理、水资源管理与调度、引水计量、防汛等技术和管理工作。被聘任为聊城黄河河务局工程师、高级工程师。先后担任管理段副段长、经济管理局副局长、闸管所所长等职。曾被黄委评为“九五工程管理”先进个人，省局“经济管理”先进个人，连续多年被市局评为先进个人和优秀共产党员等荣誉称号。
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