Preface

In recent years, with the development of national economy, the scale and difficulty of construction projects are increasing, and the research of hydrogeology and geotechnical engineering is facing new development and challenges. The earth’s crust, surface of the earth, is not only the place where human beings live, but also the geological environment of all kinds of engineering buildings. The construction of highways, railway underpasses, reservoirs, bridges and culverts, civil buildings and other engineering activities are closely related to the engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions. All kinds of geological and hydrological environment and engineering buildings must be interrelated and restricted by each other. It is of great significance to study the engineering geological and hydrogeological conditions of buildings in every stage of design, construction and use. Human engineering activities and natural geological processes will change the geological environment and affect the change of engineering geological conditions. When the engineering geological conditions can not meet the stability and safety requirements of engineering buildings, that is, there is a contradiction between the engineering geological conditions and the requirements of engineering buildings, it is called the existence of engineering geological problems. Solving engineering geological problems is also the main content of geotechnical engineering construction.
    The in-depth study of hydrogeology is an important link to ensure the smooth construction of the whole geotechnical engineering, which is of great significance. We should not only consider the relationship between rock and soil and water quality, but also budget and propose the corresponding prognosis and treatment plan to ensure the effective reduction of hydrogeological impact on geotechnical engineering. Due to the limited experience of the editor, there are inevitably some shortcomings and even mistakes in the book, so we sincerely ask the readers to criticize and correct them.

前 言

近年来，随着国民经济的发展，建设工程的规模和难度都在加大，水文地质和岩土工程研究迎来了新的发展和挑战。 地球表层、 地壳是人类赖以生存的活动场所，也是各类工程建筑的地质环境。修建公路、铁路地下通道、水库、桥涵和民用建筑等工程活动，都与工程地质和水文地质条件密切相关。各种地质和水文环境与工程建筑物之间必然相互关联和制约， 研究建筑物的工程地质和水文地质条件， 对设计、施工和使用等各个阶段都具有重要的意义。人类的工程活动和自然地质作用会改变地质环境，影响工程地质条件的变化。当工程地质条件不能满足工程建筑的稳定、安全要求时，也就是工程地质条件和工程建筑要求之间存在矛盾时，就称为存在工程地质问题。解决工程地质问题也是岩土工程施工的主要内容。
       对水文地质进行深入的研究是保障整个岩土工程顺利施工的重要环节，具有十分重要的意义，我们在对其进行勘测时，不仅要考虑岩土与水质之间的关系，还应预算并提出相应的预后及处理方案， 以保证有效的减少水文地质对岩土工程的影响。由于编者经验有限，书中难免存在一些缺点甚至错误，恳请读者批评指正。