Preface
China is a big mining country, mining industry is one of the pillar industries of national economy. Since the reform and opening up, with the acceleration of industrialization, urbanization and modernization, China has entered the stage of rapid growth of human resource consumption. The rigid demand of social and economic development for mineral resources is increasing, geological exploration tasks are increasing, mining development activities are intensifying, and the damage to mine geological environment is becoming more and more serious, so that once the speed of mine geological environment treatment can not catch up with the speed of destruction, the earth’s ecosystem is hard to bear, and many problems of old mines left over by history have not been solved, which makes the situation of China’s mines geological environment management complex and severe, and the task of restoration and treatment arduous.Mine geological environment problem has become a major practical problem to be solved urgently. It not only affects the healthy development of mining economy, but also affects people’s life and property, health and safety, and restricts the implementation of sustainable development strategy of national economy.
The ecological restoration of mining area has become an important part of ecological environment construction in China; at the same time, combined with land consolidation, comprehensive utilization of land resources is carried out to alleviate the contradiction between human and land resources; more importantly, through reasonable planning and implementation of the development of alternative industries, it solves the temporary negative impact of the current regional economy caused by the closure of some mines, so as to realize the transformation from black-and-white economy to green economy, and to resettle the industrial transfer personnel. Through the ecological restoration work of mining area, we can cooperate with the construction of new socialist countryside, promote the growth of green GDP, realize circular economy and build a harmonious society.
前 言
我国是矿业大国，矿业是国民经济支柱产业之一。改革开放以来，随着工业化、城镇化、现代化进程的不断加快，我国进人资源消耗快速增长阶段。社会经济发展对矿产资源的刚性需求不断加大，地质勘查任务增多，矿业开发活动加剧，对矿山地质环境的破坏越来越严重， 以致一度矿山地质环境治理的速度赶不上破坏的速度，地球的生态系统难以承受，加上不少历史遗留的老矿山问题尚未解决，使得我国矿山地质环境管理形势复杂而严峻，恢复治理任务艰巨而繁重。矿山地质环境问题已经成为当前亟待解决的重大现实问题，不仅影响矿业经济健康发展，而且影响人民群众的生命财产及健康安全，制约了国民经济可持续发展战略的实施。
矿区的生态修复已成为我国生态环境建设的重要组成部分，通过对废弃矿区的生态修复，能够有效改善生态环境；同时结合土地整治，对土地资源进行综合利用，缓解人地资源的矛盾；更为重要的是通过合理规划实施替代产业的发展，解决由于一些矿山的关停造成的区域当前经济暂时负面影响，从而实现黑白经济向绿色经济的转变，安置产业转业人员。通过矿区的生态修复工作，配合我国社会主义新农村建设，促进绿色 GDP 的增长，实现循环经济，构建和谐社会。
Kun Shen, male, the Han nationality, bachelor’s degree, senior engineer, born in Wolong District, Nanyang City, Henan Province in August 1969. His research directions include: geology, mineral resources and ecological restoration. At present, he is the project manager in The First Geological Exploration Institute of Henan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development. He has presided over geological and mineral exploration and green mine construction projects for many times, and has published more than 10 papers. He has accumulated rich working experience for the implementation of systematic technical services for mining enterprises.
沈坤，男，汉族， 1969 年 8 月生，河南省南阳市卧龙区人，本科学历，高级工程师。研究方向：地质矿产及生态修复，现就职于河南省地质矿产勘查开发局第一地质勘查院，担任项目经理，曾多次主持地质矿产勘查和绿色矿山建设项目，先后发表论文 10 余篇，为矿山企业实施系统的技术服务，积累了丰富的工作经验。
Mu-Jun Zhao, male, the Han nationality, bachelor’s degree, senior engineer, born in Yuncheng County, Shandong Province in February 1975. His research direction includes hydrogeology and environmental geology. At present, he works in The Second Geological Environment Investigation Institute of Henan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development. He has been engaged in hydrogeology, engineering geology, environmental geology and other technical work for a long time. He has presided over and completed more than 20 department level projects. He has published 9 papers and won the Second Prize of Science and Technology Progress Award of Henan Province.
赵目军，男，汉族， 1975 年 2 月生，山东省郓城县人，本科学历，高级工程师。研究方向：水工环地质，现就职于河南省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质环境调查院，长期从事水文地质、工程地质、环境地质等技术工作，主持完成部、厅级项目 20余项，先后发表论文 9 篇，曾荣获河南省科技进步二等奖。
Ping Jin, female, Manchu, master’s degree, senior engineer, born in Beizhen City, Liaoning Province in September 1981. Her research direction includes hydrogeology and environmental geology. At present, she works in The Second Geological Environment Investigation Institute of Henan Bureau of Geology and Mineral Resources Exploration and Development and she is responsible for the project. She has presided over or participated in the risk assessment of geological disasters, verification and assessment of the reserves of overburden mineral resources, mine geological environment design, land reclamation design and the establishment of a number of financial projects. She has successively published 7 papers, completed one invention patent and several utility model patents, and achieved good social and economic benefits in the actual project promotion.
金萍，女，满族， 1981 年 9 月生，辽宁省北镇市人，研究生学历，硕士学位，高级工程师。研究方向：水工环地质，现就职于河南省地质矿产勘查开发局第二地质环境调查院，担任项目负责，曾主持或参与地质灾害危险性评估、压覆矿产资源储量核实评估、矿山地质环境设计、土地复垦设计及多个财政项目的立项等工作，先后发表论文 7 篇，主持完成一项发明专利和多项实用新型专利，在实际工程推广中取得良好的社会和经济效益。
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