Preface

“Ecology” is one of the words with high click rate at present, and “ecology” is derived from biology, which is a new comprehensive discipline, and is “a discipline that studies the relationship between organisms and between biological and abiotic environments”. At the end of the 20th century, people found that the earth’s ecological environment was deteriorating, so ecology derived from geo ecology, marine ecology, desert ecology and other marginal sciences. Ecological water conservancy was also formed under this background.
      Ecological water conservancy covers a wide range, including ecological rivers, ecological lakes, ecological basins, ecological groundwater and ecological coast and other aspects related to water, among which ecological river is the most important and active component. In the natural science ecosystem and the social ecosystem of the relationship between man and land, rivers always play an important role. In all the earth’s ecosystems, geosphere, hydrosphere, atmosphere, biosphere and anthroposphere have their own relatively independent ecosystems, but there are very complex and sensitive processes of material transfer, energy transfer and information transmission among them. Water, especially rivers, is the most active factor and carrier. Therefore, people often deify water and river. When there is more water, less water, muddy water and dirty water, all kinds of information will be quickly fed back to human beings.
      This paper mainly starts from the construction of water conservancy projects, summarizes and sorts out many construction technologies, and adds green environmental protection technologies, so as to deepen the research on green construction of water conservancy projects and realize the sustainable development of water conservancy projects in China.

前 言

“生态”是目前点击率很高的词汇之一，而“生态学”源于生物学，是一门新兴的综合性学科，是“研究生物之间及生物与非生物环境之间相互关系的学科”。在 20 世纪末，人们发现地球生态环境不断恶化，于是生态学又衍生出地质生态学、海洋生态学、沙漠生态学等边缘科学，生态水利也是在这种背景下形成的学科。
      生态水利涵盖面很广，它包括生态河流、生态湖泊、生态流域、生态地下水和生态海岸等与水有关的方方面面，其中生态河流是最重要、最活跃的组成部分。在自然科学生态系统和人地关系的社会生态系统中， 河流永远扮演着举足轻重的角色。在地球的所有生态系统中，地圈、水圈、大气圈、生物圈和人类圈虽然都各自具有相对独立的生态体系， 但在它们层面之间， 存在着极为复杂而又很敏感的物质转移、能量转移和信息传递过程，而水，特别是河流是最活跃的因子和载体。所以，人们常把水与河流神化，水多了，水少了，水浑了，水脏了等都会很快地反馈给人类各种信息。
      本文主要是从水利工程施工入手，通过将诸多施工技术进行总结、整理，并且加入绿色环保技术，从而加深对水利工程绿色施工的研究，实现我国水利工程的可持续发展。