Preface

In the history of human civilization, the relationship between water and human beings occupies an extremely important position. As a natural resource, water nurtures hundreds of millions of people on the earth, promotes the development of industry, agriculture and even social progress, making it an irreplaceable material basis for human survival. At the same time, water is also the most basic environmental factor, participating in the process of material circulation and ecological balance on the earth. It is no exaggeration to say that without water, there would be no life on the earth, let alone the prosperity and development of the world today. Since ancient times, the development and utilization of water resources have never been interrupted. Long term practice has made people accumulate rich knowledge and master various water intake and water use techniques, some of which have been used up to now.
      This paper mainly describes two parts. One part is the basic knowledge of hydrogeology, including groundwater resources and its classification; the other one is about the development, utilization and management of water resources. The surface water and groundwater are regarded as an organic whole water resources system. From the viewpoint of system science and environmental science, the evolution law of groundwater resources under the joint action of natural conditions and human activities is discussed, and the practical evaluation and prediction methods are put forward, so as to formulate the engineering plan and scheme of rational development and utilization of water resources for the sustainable development of social economy and environment.
     Due to the author’s lack of experience, there may be mistakes and omissions in the article. The hopes the readers can give criticism and correction.

前 言

在人类文明史中，水与人的关系占有极其重要的地位。水作为一种自然资源，养育着地球上数以亿计的人口，促进了工业、农业的发展乃至社会的进步，使之成为人类赖以生存的不可替代的物质基础。同时，水还是最基本的环境要素，参与着地球上物质循环和生态平衡过程。可以毫不夸张地说，没有水，就没有地球的生命，更谈不上世界今天的繁荣和发展。自古以来，人类对水资源的开发利用就从未间断过，长期的实践使人们积累了丰富的知识，掌握了各种取水和用水的技术方法，有些一直沿用到今。
     本文主要讲述了两部分内容，一部分是阐述了水文地质的基础知识，包括地下水资源及其分类等知识；一部分讲述了水资源开发、利用与管理知识。将地表水和地下水视为一个有机整体—水资源系统，从系统科学和环境科学的观点，研讨在自然条件和人为活动共同作用下水资源的演化规律， 提出切合实际的评价、 预测方法，进而为社会经济、环境可持续发展制定合理开发利用水资源的工程计划和方案。
      由于作者经验不足，文章可能出现错漏，望广大读者给与批评改正。