Preface

Chemistry is the basis of natural science. The course of “Fundamentals of Material Chemistry” for undergraduates majoring in materials, metallurgy, energy, mining and metallurgy, environment and other non chemical and chemical engineering majors is aimed at cultivating students’ scientific thinking method, scientific literacy, innovative spirit, engineering consciousness, engineering ability, inspires students to understand the position of chemistry in the development of natural science and the role of chemistry in improving human life and production level. “Fundamentals of Material Chemistry” pays attention to the relationship between chemistry and society, life, production and research, emphasizes the application of chemical knowledge, and strives to reflect the social demand value of chemical knowledge.
     Chemistry is closely related to people’s life. As long as you observe carefully, chemistry can be seen everywhere around us, and it affects our life from time to time. From the universe and the earth, to the air, water and food around us, there are “chemical” substances. Even our human beings are made up of various chemical elements. Not only that, chemistry is also a very useful subject. There are many laws to follow in the world. Some substances can be converted to each other, and some substances will have incredible changes together. Mastering these laws is of great guiding significance to the progress of human civilization. It can be said that chemistry is one of the main methods and means for human beings to understand and transform the material world. It is a discipline with a long history and full of vitality. Its achievements are an important symbol of social civilization. From the primitive society of using fire to the modern society of using various man-made materials, human beings are enjoying the fruits of chemistry. With the help of chemical knowledge, we can carry out production and life more scientifically, make effective use of energy, reduce pollution, develop drugs for relieving pain, etc.
      This book is mainly from the basic knowledge of chemistry, and introduces the corresponding chemical analysis and testing technology, so as to better present the whole chemistry foundation vein in front of readers, and lay a solid foundation for the further study of chemistry in the future.

前 言

化学是自然科学的基础。面向材料、冶金、能源、矿冶、环境等非化学化工专业本科生开设的“材料化学基础”课程，首要目的是培养学生的科学思维方法、科学素养、创新精神、工程意识和工程能力，启发学生认识化学在自然科学发展中的地位和化学在提高人类生活、生产水平方面的作用。“材料化学基础”注重化学与社会、生活、生产、研究的关系，强调化学知识的应用，力求体现化学学科知识的社会需求价值。
       化学与人们的生活息息相关。只要你细心观察，在我们周围化学处处可见，时时在影响着我们的生活。大到宇宙、地球，小到我们身边的空气、水、食物都含有“化学”物质，就连我们人类自身都是由各种化学元素构成的。不但如此，化学也是一门非常有用的学科，世界上的物质有很多规律可循。某些物质可以互相转换，某些物质在一起会发生不可思议的变化,掌握了这些规律， 对于人类文明的进步是非常有指导意义的。可以说，化学是人类用以认识和改造物质世界的主要方法和手段之一，它是一门历史悠久而又富有活力的学科，它的成就是社会文明的重要标志。从开始用火的原始社会， 到使用各种人造物质的现代社会， 人类都在享用化学成果。利用化学知识，我们可以更加科学地进行生产生活，有效利用能源，减少污染，研制缓解病痛的药物等等。
      本书主要是从化学基础知识入手，并且介绍了相应的化学分析检验技术，从而更好地将整个化学基础脉络呈现在读者面前，为今后更深层次的学习化学打下坚实的基础。