Preface
Since the reform and opening up policy, our country’s construction industry has developed rapidly, and the scale of urban construction has been expanding. The development speed of cities and towns has become a standard for measuring the modern civilization of a country or region. After years of hard work and practice, our country’s modern architecture has been developed with high technology, high speed and high quality. We have made many major breakthroughs and new achievements in the field of construction technology. Some technologies come up to advanced world standards, leading our country to be a great power in construction field. This manual is specially written to provide engineers, construction supervisors and senior technical workers engaged in on-site construction with a practical, rich, systematic and comprehensive construction technology reference material.
Construction survey is an extremely important technical work that runs through the entire process of engineering project construction, and can be called the “GPS” of the specific construction project implementation. In the mean time, engineering survey skills are the necessary job capabilities for first-line construction engineers. During the construction process of building project, surveying and setting out is the first and the essential procedure and also a key process to ensure the quality and design intention of the entire project. With the rapid development of social science and technology, measuring instruments and new technologies are constantly being updated. Survey technicians must not only be proficient in the usage of conventional traditional survey tools, but also need to continuously learn to use new measuring instruments, technologies and new measuring methods in order to complete the work they are facing. In practice, surveying and setting-out is a comprehensive technology that uses solid geometry, plane geometry, analytical geometry and other knowledge combined with multiple skills. Survey technicians do need to continuously learn and summarize to fully digest the knowledge and skills, and to increase the efficiency of construction projects.
前 言
改革开放以来，我国建筑业发展很快，城镇建设规模日益扩大，城镇的发展速度已成为衡量一个国家和地区现代文明的标准。经过多年的努力实践，我国的现代化建筑正朝着高技术、快速度、高质量方向发展，我国在建筑工程施工技术领域取得了许多重大突破和新的成果，有的技术已经达到世界先进水平，成为世界建筑大国。为了给从事现场施工的工程师、施工长及广大高级技术工人提供一本有关施工技术方面的实用性强、内容丰富、系统而全面的施工技术参考资料，我们特编写了此手册。
建筑工程施工测量是贯穿工程项目建设全过程的一项极其重要的技术性工作，可称其是项目具体建造实施的“GPS”。同时，工程测量技能是施工一线工程技术人员必备的岗位能力。 在建筑工程项目施工中， 测量放线是第一道也是必需的工序，也是确保整个工程质量和设计意图的关键工序。随着社会科技的迅速发展，测量仪器及新技术在不断地更新换代， 测量技术人员不仅要熟练使用常规的传统测量工具，还需不断学习和掌握新的测量仪器、 技术及新的测量方法才能完成必须面对的工作。实际工作中，测量放线是一项运用立体几何、平面几何、解析几何等多项知识结合的综合技术，包含有多种技能。测量技术人员真的需要不断学习和总结才能掌握测量中的技巧，才能融会贯通，才能为提高建设工程效益增砖添瓦。
Wan-Xi Li, male, Han nationality, born in Shangcai County, Henan Province in July 1977, bachelor’s degree, senior engineer. He joined the work in July 1998, and is currently the deputy head of Shangcai County Construction Engineering Quality Supervision Station. He is a National Registered Supervision Engineer, Henan Province Comprehensive Bid Evaluation Expert, Henan Government Procurement Expert, Zhumadian City scholarship leader between 2017 and 2018. He successively published 4 papers in national journals and participated in the inventions of 5 utility model patents. Since his employment, he has been incharge of 106 supervision projects and 18 of which have been rated as provincial and municipal excellent projects.
李万喜，男，汉族， 1977 年 7 月生，河南省上蔡县人，本科学历，高级工程师。 1998年 7 月参加工作，现任上蔡县建筑工程质量监督站副站长。国家注册监理工程师，河南省综合评标专家，河南省政府采购专家，驻马店市 2017-2018 年度驻马店市学术技术带头人。先后在国家级刊物发表论文 4 篇，参与发明实用新型专利 5 项。工作以来，主持监督工程 106 项，获省市优良工程 18 项。
Zhen-Wei Zhang, male, Han nationality, born in Shangcai County, Henan Province in November 1975, bachelor’s degree, senior engineer. He joined the work in July 1998, now works in Zhumadian City Construction Company as a project manager. National registered constructor, bid evaluation expert for Henan construction engineering. He published 4 papers, and obtained two provincial scientific and technological achievements “Inverted Roof Composite Insulation Board” and “Graphite Modified Polystyrene Board”, and 3 utility model patented technologies, “A Building Board Cutting Device”, “An Automatic
Spraying Mortar Agitating Device”, and “A Cement Storage Tank”.
张振伟，男，汉族， 1975 年 11 月生，河南省上蔡县人，本科学历，高级工程师，1998 年 7 月参加工作，现履职于驻马店市建筑公司，担任项目经理一职。国家一级注册建造师，河南省建设工程类评标专家，发表论文 4 篇，获得过《倒置式屋面复合保温板》、《石墨改性聚苯板》两项省级科技成果及《一种建筑板材切割装置》、《一种自动喷淋式砂浆搅拌装置》、《一种水泥储料罐》三项实用新型专利技术。
Yun-Xiang Wang, male, Han nationality, born in Shangcai County, Henan Province in August 1978, bachelor’s degree, senior engineer. He joined the work in July 1998, currently works for Zhumadian City Construction Company, and successively served as construction site technology director, project manager , the company’s technical director, Henan Province construction engineering evaluation expert, Henan government procurement review expert, national registered constructor, Henan construction enterprise outstanding project manager, and first-class credit manager. He has published 3 papers, won the
“Zhongzhou Cup” award of Henan Construction Engineering, successively obtained two provincial scientific research achievements, and won a national utility model patent technology award.
王云祥，男，汉族， 1978 年 8 月生，河南省上蔡县人，本科学历，高级工程师， 1998年 7 月参加工作，现履职于驻马店市建筑公司，先后担任工地技术负责人、项目经理、公司技术负责人，河南省建设工程类评审专家，河南省政府采购评审专家，国家一级注册建造师，河南省建筑业企业优秀项目经理，一级信用管理师。先后发表3 篇论文，获得河南省建筑工程“中州杯”奖，先后获得二项省级科研成果，获得一项国家实用新型专利技术奖。
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