Preface
Pump is a general machine developed with the development of industry. By the 19th century, the foreign industrial developed countries had a relatively complete form and variety of pumps. Pumps are widely used, ranging from airplanes in the sky to drilling, mining and coal mining on the ground, automobiles, tanks on land, ships on the sea, urban and rural buildings, residents’ lives, factories’ boilers and pump stations, and agricultural drainage and irrigation. In order to ensure the normal operation of the pump, it is necessary to master the structure, use method and maintenance skills of the pump.Therefore, we have compiled the book: Research on the Use and Operation of Pumps.
There are four aspects that affect the efficiency of pump equipment: First, the design and processing is not up to standard, which means that the design of the selected pump is unreasonable, and the manufacturing process control is improper, resulting in the loss of machinery and volume, resulting in the increase of pump operation energy consumption. Second, the production operation is continuous and uninterrupted. In this process, the equipment is scoured by the water flow for a long time, which increases the roughness of the impeller surface and the inner wall of the channel, increases the resistance of the inner channel, and reduces the operation efficiency of the equipment and increases the loss of the equipment. Third, in the production process, the pump blade back surface will produce a certain negative pressure, if not treated for a long time, it will gradually form honeycomb or cavitation. Fourth, in order to improve the water production effect, the relevant drugs will be put into the pump shell during the production process, and the raw water quality will also have a certain degree of impact on the pump components. After a long time of operation, dirt will be generated in the pump shell. In serious cases, the wall thickness of the pump shell will be increased and the operation efficiency of the equipment will be reduced. Therefore, it is very important to master the operation specification of pump, and to install, inspect and maintain the pump in the correct way.
前 言
泵是伴随着工业发展而发展起来的通用机械。 到 19 世纪， 国外工业发达国家已有了比较完整的泵的形式和品种。泵的应用范围非常广泛，从天上的飞机，到地上的钻井、采矿、掘煤；从陆地的汽车、各种机动车、坦克，到海上的舰船；从城乡建筑、居民生活、工厂的锅炉、泵站，到农业的排灌等，到处都能见到泵在工作。为了保证泵的正常运转，必须掌握泵的结构、使用方法及维修技能。为此，我们编写了《泵类设备使用与运行研究》这本书。
影响机泵设备使用效能可从四个方面分析：第一，设计加工不过关，指所选机泵其设计不合理，加上制作工艺控制不当，使得机械、容积出现损失，造成机泵运行能耗增加。第二，生产作业具有持续不间断特点，在这个过程中，设备长期受水流冲刷作用，使得叶轮过水面以及流道内壁粗糙度增加，加大了内流道阻力，进而会降低设备运行效率，并造成设备损耗增加。第三，在生产过程中，机泵叶片背水面会产生一定负压，如果长时间未处理，会逐渐形成蜂窝或者气穴。第四，为提高制水效果，会在生产过程中向泵壳内投入相关药物，且原水水质也会对机泵构件产生一定程度的影响，长时间运行后会在泵壳内产生污垢，情况严重时会造成泵壳壁厚增加，降低设备运行效率。因此掌握机泵运行规范，并对机泵按照正确方式安装、检查与维修对机泵实现高效运行具有非常重要的意义。
Yong-Bin Zhu, male, the Han nationality, bachelor’s degree,born in Shanghai City in April 1982. He graduated from Lanzhou University of Technology College of Technology and Engineering in 2008. He works in Shanghai Pump Manufacturing Co., Ltd., as the director of technical center and he is engaged in pump design and management. He is also QCC quality control circle activity instructor. He is responsible for the development of intelligent pumping station system design with Shanghai University, and the establishment of graduate training base with Shanghai University, responsible for the company’s production, teaching and research projects and scientific and technological projects. He has obtained ten patents, including two invention patents. He has published three papers, one of which is SCI. He won the first prize of national scientific and technological achievements.
朱永斌，男，汉族， 1982 年 4 月生，上海人， 2008 年毕业于兰州大学技术工程学院，兰州理工大学学士学位。就职于上海水泵制造有限公司，担任技术中心主任从事水泵设计及管理工作，公司 QCC 品管圈活动指导员。负责与上海大学合作开发智慧泵站系统设计，并与上海大学成立研究生实训基地，负责公司产学研项目和科技项目打造。获得专利十项，其中发明专利两项，发表论文三篇，其中一篇为 SCI刊物。获得国家级科技成果一等奖。
Li Jiang, male, the Han nationality, born in Suining City, Sichuan Province in February 1989. He graduated from Xihua University in 2012. From 2012 to 2020, he worked in Hunan XEMC Changsha Pump Works Co., Ltd., as the designer of diagonal flow pump project. He obtained the utility model patent of “a sealing structure of grouting layer of diagonal flow pump”. Since 2020, he works in Shanghai Pump Manufacturing Co., Ltd., as the designer of boiler feed water pump and mixed flow pump.
蒋李，男，汉族， 1989 年 2 月生，四川遂宁人， 2012 年毕业于西华大学。 2012 年至 2020 年工作于湖南湘电长沙水泵有限公司， 担任斜流泵项目的设计师， 并获得《一种斜流泵的灌浆层密封结构》的实用新型专利。 2020 年就职于上海水泵制造有限公司担任锅炉给水泵及混流泵的设计师。
Peng-Ju Zhao, male, the Han nationality, bachelor’s degree, born in Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province in June 1987. He graduated from Lanzhou University of Technology in 2011. In recent years, he has organized the development of various types of high-efficiency energy-saving pumps and related products, combined with on-site production process and pipe network system, customized comprehensive energy-saving transformation solutions, which are widely used in chemical, cement, steel and other industries; He has published 5 papers in general machinery, pump technology and other journals, and has applied for
more than 20 patents. He has applied for the development and application of high efficiency and energy saving transformation technology for fluid transportation industrial equipment, and won the silver award for outstanding invention in Shanghai excellent invention selection competition.
赵鹏举，男，汉族， 1987 年 6 月生，浙江杭州人，本科学历， 2011 年毕业于兰州理工大学，近年来组织开发了各类型高效节能泵及相关产品，结合现场生产工艺与管网系统，定制节能改造综合解决方案，并广泛应用与化工、水泥、钢铁等行业；作者在通用机械、 水泵技术等期刊发表论文 5 篇， 申报获得各类专利 20 余项， 申报《流体输送工业设备高效节能改造技术开发与应用》获得上海市优秀发明选拔赛优秀发明银奖。
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