Preface

Water is an important component of nature, the source of life, the important resource indispensable for human life and social development, and the most active element in the ecological environment. Affected by climate, China's water resources are unevenly distributed in time and space. The amount of water between different regions, between different years of the same region, and between flood seasons and dry seasons of a year differ greatly, resulting in the contradictions of water inflow and water use happen frequently. In order to cope with this contradiction, realize the redistribution of water resources in terms of time and regions, so as to implement flood storage and recovery, to make up for shortages with abundance, to eliminate floods and droughts, and to develop irrigation, power generation, water supply, shipping, aquaculture, tourism and ecological environment conservation etc., it is necessary for different sectors of national economy to build place-based water storage, water diversion, water pumping or inter-basin water transfer. With these, our water resources will be reasonably developed, utilized, and protected.
  In recent years, with the formulation and implementation of a series of water conservancy and hydropower engineering regulations, norms, and rules, the basic construction procedures of water conservancy and hydropower have been further standardized, and the quality of water conservancy and hydropower projects and the overall construction level have been improved and guaranteed. However, as the front-line workers of water conservancy and hydropower construction, especially the quality inspection and control personnel who are responsible for the control and guarantee of the project quality, it is difficult for them to get familiar with new regulations and specifications quickly and use them freely in actual work; meanwhile they will feel hard to apply new materials, new technology, and new methods to improve the scientific character of engineering construction activities. In many years of water conservancy and hydropower engineering construction practice, the author deeply understands that front-line quality inspectors urgently need a book that can systematically, aggressively and scientifically solve the above practical problems.

前 言

水是大自然的重要组成物质，是生命的源泉，是人类生活和社会发展不可缺少的重要资源，也是生态环境中最活跃的要素。中国水资源受气候影响，在时间、空间上分布不均匀，不同地区之间，同一地区不同年份之间以及年内汛期和枯水期的水量相差很大，导致来水和用水之间不相适应的矛盾频频发生。国民经济各部门为了解决这一矛盾，实现水资源在时间、地区上的重新分配，做到蓄洪补枯、以丰补缺，消除水旱灾害，发展灌溉、发电、供水、航运、养殖、旅游和维持生态环境等事业，都需要因地制宜地修建蓄水、引水、提水或跨流域调水工程，以使水资源得到合理的开发、利用和保护。
      近年来，随着一系列水利水电工程规程、规范和规章制度的制订实施，进一步规范了水利水电基本建设程序，提高和保证了水利水电工程质量，以及整体建设的水平。但是，作为水利水电建设的一线工作人员，尤其是控制和保证工程质量的质量检查和控制人员，很难尽快熟悉掌握新的规程规范，并在实际工作中自如运用；同时难以将新材料、新技术、新工艺、新方法应用于提高工程建设活动的科学性中。作者在多年水利水电工程建设实践中深切地认识到一线质量检查员迫切需要一本能系统、先进、科学解决以上实际问题的工具书。