Preface

With the development of modernization, the scale of China’s infrastructure construction is growing, and hydrogeological survey has gradually attracted people’s attention. Hydrogeological exploration requires that measures should be taken according to local conditions, and corresponding schemes should be adopted according to different geographical environment in order to ensure the smooth progress of the project.
  Water environment is an important part of the natural environment. It is not only a necessary condition for the survival of human beings and all other living things, but also an indispensable and irreplaceable resource for the development of national economy. With the growth of population and economy, the demand for water resources is increasing, and the water environment is deteriorating. The shortage of water resources has become a global problem. The protection and management of water resources is an important guarantee to maintain the sustainable utilization of water resources and realize the benign cycle of water resources. Management is a series of planning, organization, coordination, incentive, regulation, command, supervision, implementation and control activities to achieve a certain goal. Protection is a method and control measure to prevent things from being destroyed. Water resources management and protection are the two most important and concerned aspects of water affairs in China. Water resources management includes the overall planning and management of water resources from the aspects of quantity, quality, economy, ownership, planning, investment, law, administration, engineering, digitization and safety. Water resources protection uses various technologies and policies to control and control pollution prevention and control of water resources.

前 言

现代化的发展，促使我国基础设施建设规模的壮大，水文地质勘察工作也开始逐渐引起了人们的注意。水文地质勘查要求因地制宜，根据地区不同的地理环境来采用相应的方案来进行勘察，进而确保工程的顺利进行。
      水资源是自然环境的重要组成部分，又是环境生命的血液。它不仅是人类与其他一切生物生存的必要条件，也是国民经济发展不可缺少和无法替代的资源。随着 人口与经济的增长，水资源的需求量不断增加，水环境又不断恶化，水资源短缺已经成为全球性问题。水资源的保护与管理，是维持水资源可持续利用、实现水资源 良性循环的重要保证，管理是为达到某种目标而实施的一系列计划、组织、协调、 激励、调节、指挥、监督、执行和控制活动。保护是防止事物被破坏而实施的方法 和控制措施。水资源管理与保护是我国现今涉水事务中最重要的并受到较多关注的两个方面。水资源管理包括对水资源从数量、质量、经济、权属、规划、投资、法律、行政、工程、数字化、安全等方面进行统筹和管理，水资源保护则用各种技术及政策对水资源的防污及治污进行控制和治理。