Preface

Water resource is a very important and special natural resource. It is an indispensable precious resource for human beings and all living things. It is an important condition to support the normal operation of life system and non life environment system. At the same time, it is also an important natural resource and material basis for the economic construction and social development of a country or region. If there is less water or no water, it will not be able to maintain the vitality of the earth and the ecological and biological diversity, and it will not be able to carry out various social and economic activities. Therefore, the abundant and dry water resources and the development and utilization of water resources affect the economic development and ecological balance of a region to a great extent, and the sustainable development of water resources is one of the components of the sustainable development of the whole society.
      The sustainable development of water resources refers to the sharing of water resources not only with the present era, but also with future generations. It is not only the sharing of water resources by people, but also the sharing of water resources by people and the environment. It is an important guarantee to realize the sustainable development of water resources to reasonably and comprehensively consider the relationship among water resources, social economy and ecological environment, and reasonably allocate water resources.
    Environment, including natural environment and human environment. Natural environment, composed of biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere, is the necessary geological condition for people's survival and development, and the sum of various natural factors around human beings. Human activities have a great impact on geology and environment, especially a series of reactions caused by over exploitation of groundwater. This book analyzes and discusses this.

前 言

水资源是一种十分重要而又特殊的自然资源，是人类和一切生物赖以生存的不可缺少的一种宝贵资源，是支撑生命系统、非生命环境系统正常运转的重要条件，同时也是一个国家或地区经济建设和社会发展的重要自然资源和物质基础。如果缺水或无水，将无法维持地球的生命力和生态、生物的多样性，将无法开展各项社会经济活动，因此，水资源的丰枯以及开发利用情况在很大程度上影响着一个地区的经济发展与生态平衡， 水资源的可持续发展是整个社会可持续发展的组成部分之一。
       水资源的可持续发展， 指水资源不仅要实现当今时代的共享， 还要与后代共享，不仅是人对水资源的共享，还有人与环境对水资源的共享，合理全面考虑水资源、社会经济和生态环境之间的关系，进行水资源的合理配置，是实现水资源可持续发展的重要保证。
       环境，包括自然环境和人类环境。自然环境，由生物圈、大气圈、水圈和岩石圈组成， 是人们赖以生存和发展的必要地质条件， 是人类周围各种自然因素的总和。人类活动对地质与环境产生了非常大的影响，尤其对地下水的过度开发所引起的一系列反应。本书对此展开分析与探讨。