Preface

With the development of society and economy, the advancement of medical technology and the increasing demand for people’s health, intensive care medicine has made considerable progress in recent years, and the clinical application of intensive care technology has become more and more extensive. It has played a prominent role in saving the lives of critically ill patients, reducing the disability rate and improving the quality of life.
       At the same time, the scope of emergency nursing has expanded from the initial surgical emergency nursing to an independent subject with rich connotation. Especially in the past 20 years, the development of natural science, the rapid progress of basic medical theory and clinical technology have brought new concepts and technologies to emergency nursing. Emergency nursing is a systematic practice activity, including nursing procedures, decision making, analysis, scientific thinking and exploration, and rescue. The scope of emergency nursing practice involves evaluation, rescue, planning, and implementation evaluation. Many problems will be encountered in this process, such as pre-perceived problems, actual or potential problems, sudden or urgent problems, physical or psychosocial health problems. These problems are mainly acute, which can occur in any environment. These problems may require very little care, emergency life support measures, or patient education or transfer assistance.

前 言

随着社会经济发展、医学技术进步以及人民健康需求的日益提高，近年来，重症医学得到了长足的发展，重症监护技术在临床的应用也随之越来越广泛，在挽救重症患者生命。降低伤残率、提高生命质量等方面发挥了突出的作用。
        同时急救护理学的范畴从最初的外科急救护理扩大为一门内涵丰富的独立学科。特别是近 20 年来，自然科学的发展，基础医学理论和临床技术的飞速进步，都为急诊护理学带来了全新的理念和技术。急救护理是一种系统的实践活动，包括护理程序、决策制定、分析、科学的思考与探索以及分救。急救护理实践的范围涉及评估、救断、计划、实施评价预感到的、实际的或潜在的，突然的或紧急的，身体的或心理社会方面的健康问题，这些问题主要是急性发作的，可以发生在任何环境中。这些问题可能只需要很少的护理措施，也可能需要紧急的生命支持措施，或者需要病人教育或转救。