Preface

With the progress and development of social economy, China’s road and bridge in order to meet the requirements of transportation and other aspects, also carried out large-scale construction of basic bridge work. A variety of bridges not only cross the river, strait and other obstacles, bring convenience for human travel, but also ease the traffic tension in big cities, and become a beautiful landmark of the city. At present, roads and bridges include stone arch bridge, reinforced concrete box girder arch bridge and so on, from Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, which was built in 1957, to Shanghai Nanpu Bridge, which was built in 1990s, to Qingdao Bay Bridge, which was built in June 2011. The construction of roads and bridges in China has made remarkable achievements and international recognition. It is because of the progress and innovation of construction technology and technology that the situation of high quality and high technology of road and bridge appears.
       At present, roads and bridges play a more and more important role in traffic, and there are a large number of roads and bridges in our country, so we must ensure the quality of roads and bridges, otherwise, once an accident occurs, it will seriously damage the safety of people’s lives and property, and then affect the social and economic stability, but also related to the survival of construction enterprises. In the process of road and bridge quality management, the quality of the construction stage is an important stage to ensure the construction of the whole bridge project, which determines the stability and quality of the final bridge buildings. Road and bridge construction enterprises can undertake the construction of road and bridge only if they have a high level of management and technology. In the process of ensuring the construction quality, there are many details that need to be dealt with and paid attention to, because the project construction is a more cumbersome and periodic construction process, many problems will lead to quality problems of bridge engineering, such as material problems, construction design problems, technical level problems of construction personnel, construction process problems and mechanical loss problems in construction. Therefore, it is necessary to summarize the current situation of quality problems and strengthen the quality management in the construction process, so as to ensure the quality of roads and bridges and realize the value of the project.

前 言

随着社会经济的进步与发展，我国的道路桥梁为了满足运输等多方面的要求也开展了大规模基础桥梁工作建设。多种多样的桥梁不仅跨越了河流、海峡等障碍，为人类的出行带来了便利，还缓解了大城市交通紧张的问题，并成为一座城市靓丽的标志性建筑。目前，道路桥梁包括石拱桥、钢筋混凝土箱梁拱桥等，由 1957 年建成的大跨度桥梁武汉长江大桥，到 20 世纪 90 年代建成的上海南浦大桥，再到青岛海湾大桥， 再到 2011 年 6 月建成的通车最长的海湾大桥， 我国的路桥建设取得了骄人的成就和国际的认可。正是由于施工工艺和技术的进步和创新，才呈现出现如今道路桥梁高质量、高技术的局面。
       由于目前道路桥梁承担着越来越重的交通作用，并且我国的道路桥梁数量庞大，必须确保道路桥梁的质量，否则，一旦发生意外便会严重损害到人民的生命和财产安全，进而对社会经济稳定造成影响，同时也关乎施工企业的生死存亡。在道路桥梁质量管理过程中，施工阶段的品质是保证整个桥梁项目建设的重要阶段，决定了最终桥梁建筑物的稳定性和质量。道路桥梁施工企业只有具备较高的管理水平和科技水平，才能承担道路桥梁的施工。在保证施工质量的过程中，需要处理和关注的细节问题很多，因为项目施工是比较繁琐和周期性的建设过程，很多问题都会导致桥梁工程出现质量问题，例如材料问题、施工设计问题、施工人员的技术水平问题、施工工序问题及施工中机械的损耗问题等，所以需要总结发现质量问题的现状，加强施工过程中的质量管理工作，从而保证道路桥梁的品质，实现工程项目的价值。