Preface

In recent year, great changes has taken place in the disciple system of engineering appraisal course. On the basis of maintaining he basic theories and methods that conform to the law of construction production in the original discipline system, it has constantly adopted means and methods of engineering cost commonly used in western developed countries and the world, based on the traditional management system of estimated budget and quota adapted to the planned economy, we comprehensively established the price mechanism system based on the market formation price, including the bill valuation mode, and introduces the Highway project cost management model which meets the need of market economy development. From planned price to the market price, the construction market demands more and more on the marketization degree of budget pricing. All participants in the construction market must reform the original budget market management system, combining with reform, to establish an effective cost management system.
        Highway transportation is an important and leading industry for economic and social development, it is also an important service industry concerning people’s livelihood. In recent years, we have made remarkable achievements in transportation infrastructure construction, and also contributed to the national economic and social development as well as the people's safe and convenient travel. Highway cost management is an indispensable important work in highway construction, the most basic content of the highway cost management is to reasonably determine and effectively control the project cost. The reasonable determination of the project cost is to adopt scientific methods and practical valuation on each stage of project construction, according to the reasonable determination of the project cost, to determine the design estimate, construction drawing budget, contract price, settlement price and final settlement price for completion, ect.

前 言

近年来，工程造价课程在学科体系上发生了巨大的变化，它在保持原有学科体系中符合建筑生产规律的基本理论方法的基础上，不断吸收西方发达国家和国际上通行的工程造价的手段和方法.由传统的与计划经济相适应的概预算定额管理制度体系，全面阐述建立起以市场形成价格为主的价格机制体系，包括公路工程工程量清单计价等，引入国际通行的适应市场经济发展需要的公路工程造价管理模式。从计划价指导价到市场价，建筑市场对预算计价的市场化程度要求越来越高，建筑市场的各类参与主体必须改革原有的预算管理体制，结合报价方式的改革，通过两者之间的紧密结合，从而建立起一套行之有效的造价管理系统。
        公路交通是经济社会发展的重要基础性和先导性产业，也是事关国计民生的重要服务性行业。近年来，我国的交通基础设施建设取得了举世瞩目的成就，为国民经济和社会发展以及人民群众的安全、便捷出行做出了贡献。公路工程造价管理是公路建设不可或缺的一项重要工作，而公路工程造价管理最基本的内容，是合理确定和有效控制工程造价。工程造价的合理确定就是在工程建设各个阶段采用科学的方法和切合实际的计价依据合理确定投资估算、设计概算、施工图预算、承包合同价、结算价和竣工决算价等。