Preface

Since human beings have had nursing, nursing is people’s instinct and need for survival. In ancient society, nursing often symbolized maternal love and wife’s love for her husband. The initial sense of family or self-care has become the cradle of life growth, which develops with the existence of human beings and the understanding of nature. Modern nursing is based on the development of biomedicine after the middle ages. It is a comprehensive application technology of natural science and social science. Modern nursing technology contains the knowledge of natural science, such as biology, physics, chemistry, anatomy, physiology and so on, which puts forward higher requirements for the comprehensive quality of nursing staff. Modern nursing technology based on clinical nursing, adhering to the concept of people-oriented nursing, pay more attention to the cure and rehabilitation of patients. Rehabilitation nursing and family nursing are the extension of nursing technology after traditional nursing. Rehabilitation nursing is a dynamic process of helping the injured and disabled from the perspective of nursing, so that they can recover their physical, mental, emotional and social employment abilities to the maximum extent possible, so that they can be as independent as possible in their life, from passive acceptance of other people's care to self-care. Family nursing is to ensure the health of patients after discharge by family members’ monitoring. Based on clinical nursing, this book introduces the nursing of patients with internal diseases (including digestive system diseases and rheumatic diseases), prevention and control of nosocomial infection, rehabilitation of craniocerebral and orthopedic diseases, home care and home care of various catheters, which is used as a theoretical guidance textbook for patient monitoring and rehabilitation.

前 言

自有人类以来就有护理，护理是人们谋求生存的本能和需要。在古代社会，护理往往象征着母爱及妻子对丈夫的关爱。初始的家庭或自我护理意识成为抚育生命成长的摇篮，它伴随着人类的存在和人类对自然的认识而发展。近代护理是在中世纪之后生物医学发展的基础上起步的，是以自然科学和社会科学综合性应用技术。现代护理技术包含了自然科学，如生物学、物理学、化学、解剖学、生理学等知识，对护理人员的综合素质提出了更高的要求。现代护理技术以临床护理为基础，秉承以人为本的护理理念，更加注重病患的治愈与康复。康复护理与家庭护理是继传统护理之后，护理技术的延伸。康复护理是从护理角度帮助伤病残者，使他们在肉体、精神、情绪、社会就业方面的能力复原到可能达到的最大限度，以便他们在生活中尽可能地独立，从被动地接受他人护理，转变为自我护理的动态过程。家庭护理是通过家庭成员对病患的实施监护，保障病患出院以后的身体健康。本书以临床护理为基础，介绍了内科疾病患者的护理（包括消化系统疾病患者、风湿性疾病患者）、院内感染的预防与控制、颅脑与骨科疾病的康复、家庭护理以及各种导管的家庭护理，作为病患监护与康复的理论指导教材。