Water is an important part of natural resources, which is the main material basis of the structure and life activities of all organisms. From a global perspective, water is the link that connects all ecosystems. Natural ecosystems can not only control the flow of water, but also continuously promote the purification and circulation of water. Therefore, water in the natural environment is of decisive significance for the survival of organisms and human beings. At the same time, water is an indispensable and precious natural resource for human beings. It is an irreplaceable and extremely precious natural resource for industrial and agricultural production, economic development and environmental improvement. It plays an important role in the development of human society. The water environment is one of the basic elements that constitute the environment and an important place for the survival and
development of human society. In recent years, with the development of production and population growth, natural water pollution has intensified, and the contradiction between water supply and demand has become increasingly acute. In order to ensure water safety, predict and evaluate the water environment quality, and carry out water environmentalprotection planning has become an indispensable content of project planning, design, management and water pollution control which has a very important significance and role in ensuring the sustainable development of economy and society.

This article mainly describes the investigation and evaluation of water environment and the prevention and control of water pollution. The implementation of environmental impact assessment (EIA) has indeed made a lot of contributions to China's environmental protection. It is one of the effective measures to control the occurrence of new pollution. It requires scientific prediction and evaluation of the possible environmental problems before the formal occurrence of social and economic activities, and puts forward effective technical measures and regulations to prevent and control environmental damage, so as to nip in the bud.

前 言

水是自然资源的重要组成部分，是所有生物的结构组成和生命活动的主要物质基础。从全球范围来讲，水是连接所有生态系统的纽带，自然生态系统既能控制水的流动，又能不断促使水的净化和循环。因此，水在自然环境中，对于生物和人类的生存来说具有决定性的意义。同时，水是人类不可缺少的非常宝贵的自然资源，是工农业生产、经济发展和环境改善不可替代的极为宝贵的自然资源，它对人类社会的发展起着重要作用。水环境是构成环境的基本要素之一，是人类社会赖以生存和发展的重要场所。近年来，随着生产发展和人口增长，天然水体污染加剧，水资源供需矛盾日益尖锐。为了确保用水安全，预测、评价相应的水环境质量状况，进行水环境保护规划， 已成为工程规划设计管理和控制水污染的一项必不可少的内容，这对于保障经济社会的可持续发展具有非常重要的意义和作用。
      本文主要讲述了水环境调查评价和水污染防治的情况。环境影响评价的实施确实为我国的环境保护工作做出了许多贡献， 它是有效地控制新污染发生的措施之一，它要求在社会和经济活动正式发生之前对其可能发生的环境问题给出科学的预测与评价，并提出有效防治环境损害的技术措施及规定，以便防患于未然。

China’s human resource management laws and regulations are not perfect, and state-owned commercial banks also have many historical and social factors. With the rapid development of economic globalization, the relationship between the development of our state-owned commercial banks and human resource management has become increasingly close. Only by continuously deepening the reform and innovation of human resource management, can we better promote the further development of state-owned commercial banks.
  With human resources becoming the strategic resources for commercial banks to survive and develop, the planning of human resources has become a key link in the process of human resources management of commercial banks. Good human resource planning is not only related to the stability of the demand and supply of bank employees, but also the basis for the realization of the long-term development strategic objectives of the bank.

The development and management of human resources in the operation and management of commercial banks in the era of knowledge economy, the development trend of the development and management of human resources in commercial banks should be based on the strategic goal and carry out the development and management of human resources in the height of sustainable development, and human resources should be developed and managed as the most valuable resource of commercial banks. 

Human resources, like material resources, technical resources and management resources, are the basic elements of productivity. Under the circumstances of constantstandardization of management, increasingly fierce competition and further improvement of legal system, commercial banks, as operators of modern monetary credit activities, must have human resources, technical resources and management resources at the same time, in addition to owning and creating good operating capital such as money and capital. We should attach great importance to human resource management and take human resource as a major issue from a strategic perspective.

前 言

我国人力资源管理方面的法律法规还不尽完善，而国有商业银行也存在较多历史及社会因素的制约，在经济全球化高速发展的今天，我们的国有商业银行发展和人力资源管理的关系变得日益密切，只有不断地深化人力资源管理改革与创新，才能够更好地促进国有商业银行的进一步发展。
       伴随人力资源成为商业银行得以生存和发展的战略性资源，人力资源的规划成为商业银行人力资源管理过程中极其关键的环节。良好的人力资源规划，不仅关系到银行员工需求与供给的稳定问题， 更是银行长期发展战略目标够得以实现的基础。
       商业银行经营管理中的人力资源开发与管理知识经济时代下，商业银行的人力资源开发与管理的发展趋势，应当以战略目标在可持续发展的高度上进行人力资源的开发和管理，把人力资源作为最宝贵的一种商业银行资源进行开发与管理。
      人力资源与物资资源、技术资源、管理资源一样，都是生产力的基本要素。在管理不断规范、竞争日益激烈，法制进一步健全的情况下，商业银行作为现代货币信用活动的经营者，除了拥有和营造好货币、资金等经营资本以外，必须同时拥有人力资源、技术资源和管理资源，充分重视人力资源管理，并从战略角度把人力资源当作大事抓好抓落实。

There are two channels for enterprises to obtain talents: one is to recruit from the labor market; the other is to develop the existing employees within the enterprise. It is impossible for enterprises to obtain suitable talents at any time. Therefore, in the long run, the training and development of employees is the key to the sustainable development of enterprises. The growth of talents and the development of organizations are inseparable from training. In order to achieve its goals, enterprises must pay attention to the training and development of employees strategically.
   Practice has proved that the construction of enterprise trainer system has played an important role in improving the quality of enterprise training workers and promoting the construction of modern enterprise training system, which is welcomed by all over the country, all industries, especially enterprises. In order to make the training effective, the training must have the guidance of theory or training experts, use the appropriate training technology, adopt the appropriate training methods, and carry out the work in a planned way according to the standard training process. This requires a comprehensive and thorough grasp of the law and practice of training and development. Therefore, this book covers the whole field of enterprise training and development. This book not only introduces the traditional training methods, but also studies the training and development problems in modern organizations. It summarizes the related contents of training, demonstrates the basic theory and strategic position of training, and looks forward to the challenges and development trend of enterprise training in the next ten or twenty years from a strategic perspective; then it introduces the basic theory and methods of each implementation step in the training and development practice.

前 言

企业获得人才的渠道有两种：一是从劳动力市场招聘；二是对企业内部现有员工进行开发。企业不可能在任何时候都能轻易获得合适的人才，因此，从长远来看，对员工的培训与开发更是企业持续发展的关键。人才的成长与组织的发展都离不开培训，企业为了实现其目标，就必须从战略上重视员工的培训与发展。
      实践证明，企业培训师制度建设工作起到了提高企业培训工作者素质、推动现代企业培训制度建设的作用，深得各地、各行业，特别是企业的欢迎。为了使培训有效，培训必须有理论或培训专家的指引，并使用合适的培训技术，采取恰当的培训方法，按照规范的培训流程有计划地开展工作。这就需要全面彻底地掌握培训与发展的规律和实践，因此本书内容涵盖企业培训与发展的整个领域。本书既介绍了传统的培训方法，同时也研究了现代组织内的培训与发展问题。概述了培训的相关内容，论证了培训的基本理论、战略性地位，并高屋建瓴地展望了今后一二十年企业培训所面临的挑战与发展趋势；然后介绍了培训与开发实践环节中每一实施步骤的基本理论及方法。

“Mining and Environmental Treatment in Mining Area” is the mining technology that follows the principle of circular economy and green industry, form the coordination of mining and environment, and realize “low mining, high efficiency, low emission”. Green mining is the only way for the healthy development of coal industry. The purpose of compiling Mining and Environmental Treatment in Mining Area is to prevent or minimize the adverse effects of coal mining on the environment, so that the development of coal resources can achieve the best economic and environmental benefits.
   Mining and environmental treatment in mining area is an open and complex system, which needs to solve a lot of problems in basic theory, technology, system optimization, policies and regulations. These problems belong to the fields of natural science, engineering technology and social science. The research contents include: water conversation mining technology, land and building protection and ecological reconstruction technology, coal and gas coordinated mining technology, gas concentration and utilization technology, solid waste utilization technology, clean development and processing technology of mineral resources, ecological restoration technology of mine wasteland, evaluation on mineral development benefits and effects, resources and environment safety and monitoring and early warning in mining area, and mine resource establishment comprehensive development and mining eco industrial park optimization, eco mining system analysis, circular economy, etc. This book has described the main techniques and methods to solve these problems.

前 言

"矿区开采与环境治理”是一种遵循循环经济绿色工业的原则，形成开采与环境协调一致，实现“低开采、高效率、低排放”的开采技术。矿区绿色开采是煤炭工业健康发展的必由之路。编写《矿区开采与环境治理》，旨在防止或尽可能减轻煤矿开采对环境造成的不良影响，使煤炭资源开发能够取得最佳的经济效益和环境效益。
       矿区开采与环境治理是一个开放的复杂大系统，需解决大量基础理论、技术工艺、系统优化及政策法规等方面的问题。这些问题分属自然科学、工程技术与社会科学等领域。研究内容包括：保水开采技术、土地与建筑物保护与生态重建技术、煤与瓦斯协调开采技术、瓦斯浓缩利用技术、固体废弃物利用技术、矿产资源清洁开发与加工技术、矿区废弃地生态修复技术、矿产开发效益效果评价、矿区资源环境安全与监测预警、矿区资源立体综合开发与矿业生态工业园优化、生态矿业系统分析、循环经济等。本书阐述了解决这些问题的主要技术和方法。

As one of the pillar industries of national economy, construction industry will also develop rapidly. At present, some key projects of great significance and a large number of high-rise and super-high-rise buildings have been built all over the country. The construction technology has made great progress in solving the construction problems of major projects. It has been proved by practice that strengthening the research on the theory and application of construction technology is of great significance for improving the high-tech content of construction technology, completing large-scale engineering construction with high quality and high efficiency, promoting the popularization and application of efficient construction technology achievements in construction engineering, realizing the modernization of construction technology, and finally realizing the modernization of China’s construction industry.
  This book has analyzed the traditional construction site management theory and management status, pointed out the feasibility and necessity of strengthening management in the construction site management, and taken the construction site management theory as the guidance to improve the management status and ensure the quality of construction projects.
  Based on the summary of various engineering application practices, combined with the current national standards, specifications and construction industry regulations, this book has focused on the quality control of construction acceptance batch and the prevention of possible common quality problems, analyzed and introduced the effective technical measures which have been proved to meet the acceptance standard.

前 言

建筑业作为国家经济支柱产业之一也将迅速发展。目前，全国各地已先后建造了一些具有重大意义的重点工程和一大批高层、超高层建筑。建筑施工技术在解决重大项目的施工难题的科研攻关中得到了长足发展。实践证明，加强建筑施工技术理论与应用的研究对于提高施工技术的高科技含量，高质量、高效率地完成大型工程建设， 促进高效的施工技术成果在建筑工程中的推广应用， 实现施工技术现代化，并最终实现我国建筑业的现代化具有重要意义。
       本书对传统建筑施工现场管理理论及管理现状进行了分析，指出在施工现场管理中强化管理的可行性和必要性，并以施工现场管理理论为指导，改善管理现状，保证建筑工程质量。
       本书在各类工程应用实践总结的基础上，结合现行的国家标准、规范、建筑行业规程，以施工验收批质量控制和防治可能出现的质量通病为主，分析并介绍了实践证明符合验收标准且行之有效的技术措施。