Architectural expression is the original source of inspiration for architectural designers. The original design elements are recorded in the picture. Although these hand-painted drawings are not accurate, the moment of expression is related to the design inspiration and ideas, and all kinds of design ideas and variation process are left in the picture. Therefore, architectural hand-painted not only brings quick design scheme, but also directly captures the visual image and design effect of the building for the architectural designers. At this time, the planning and design and hand drawing are at odds with each other. There are many design elements such as appearance modeling, regional space, function and so on. There are many hand-painted masters among architectural designers. As a student of Architecture Department and future architect, in the stage of learning architectural design, we should pay attention to the relationship between art and design, improve aesthetic consciousness and artistic accomplishment, and strive to make architectural art and planning design complement each other.
    This paper is mainly from the perspective of architectural aesthetics, learning the basic knowledge of architectural aesthetics, and understanding the relevant knowledge of landscape architecture planning and modern architectural planning and design, so as to deepen the understanding of architectural construction, so as to better plan and reasonably layout the building, and harmonize and coexist with nature, so as to realize the sustainable development of architecture.

前 言

建筑表达是建筑设计师最初设计灵感的来源，画面中记录了当初设计的要件，尽管这些手绘并非精准，但是表达的瞬间与设计灵感和思想关联，画面中时刻留下各种设计思路与变异过程，因此建筑手绘不仅仅带来快捷的设计方案，同时直接为建筑设计师捕捉建筑的视觉形象和设计效果，此时的规划设计与手绘互为相左。建筑的外观造型、区域空间、功能等诸多设计要素应有尽有。在建筑设计师中有许多手绘高手。作为建筑系学生、未来的建筑设计师，在学习建筑设计阶段，应当重视美术与设计的关系， 提高审美意识和艺术修养， 力求建筑美术与规划设计相得益彰。
        本文主要是从建筑美学出发，学习建筑美学的基本知识并且了解园林建筑规划以及现代建筑规划设计的相关知识，加深对于建筑建造的理解，从而更好地规划和合理布局建筑，与自然相和谐、共生，实现建筑的可持续发展。

With the development of the society and the progress of the times, quality education has gradually become the mainstream of education. It also puts forward higher requirements for teachers’ personal ability. Improving teachers’ comprehensive quality and teaching level is an important issue that education needs to face. The concept of core literacy is to hope that teachers can pay attention to the training of their own core literacy and improve their ideological and moral level, so as to influence and educate students and establish a better image. Teachers can better contribute their own strength to their own education and strive for the development and growth of students. It will lay a good foundation for the continuous development and progress of China’s education in the future and improve its international competitiveness and status.
       The education of core literacy is the general trend of education in the world. UNESCO, the European Union, the OECD and so on look at and respond to the future era and society with a far-sighted vision, and propose and advocate “core literacy education” in the process of continuous research. At the moment of building the socialist core value system, improving the core literacy is the inheritance of our traditional culture and education, an important measure to implement the fundamental task of moral education, and is also an urgent need to adapt to the development trend of world education reform and enhance China’s international competitiveness. This paper mainly discusses the basic principles of core literacy and international research, puts forward some suggestions on how to develop and improve teachers from the perspective of core literacy development, and puts forward opinions on teacher training under the background of the new era, hoping to help improve the comprehensive quality of teachers.
      In the process of writing, this book has referred to and learned from the relevant theories and research of domestic and foreign scholars, and the author would like to show his thanks. Due to the lack of time, it is inevitable that there are some deficiencies in the book. Readers are welcome to correct and criticize.

前 言

随着社会发展和时代进步，素质教育逐渐成为现在教育的主流，对于教师的个人能力也提出了更高要求，提高教师的综合素质和教学水平是现在教育需要面对的重要问题。而核心素养理念的提出，就是希望教师能够注重自身核心素养的培训，能够提升自己的思想道德水平，并以此来影响和教育学生，树立更好的形象。能够为自己的教育事业更好奉献自己的力量，为学生的发展和成长而努力。为未来我国教育事业的不断发展和进步打下良好基础，提高在国际上竞争力和地位。
        走向核心素养的教育是世界各国教育的大势所趋。联合国教科文组织、欧洲联盟、经合组织等以高瞻远瞩的视野来眺望与应对未来的时代与社会，在不断地研究过程中提出并倡导“核心素养的教育”。在建设社会主义核心价值体系的当下，提升核心素养，是我国传统文化教育的传承，是落实立德树人根本任务的一项重要举措，也是适应世界教育改革发展趋势、提升我国国际竞争力的迫切需要。本文主要对核心素养基本原理以及国际上研究做了简单论述，对于核心素养发展视角下教师该如何发展和提升自己提出一些建议，对新时代背景下教师的培训提出见解，希望对提升教师综合素质起到帮助。
        本书在写作过程中，参考和借鉴了国内外学者的相关理论和研究，在此深表谢意。由于时间紧迫，书中不足之处在所难免，烦请提出宝贵意见，以便修正。

Manufacturing enterprises are faced with the challenges of improving quality, improving efficiency, reducing costs and responding to the growing personalized consumption demand of customers. However, the existing manufacturing system and manufacturing level have been difficult to meet the needs of value-added upgrading of high-end, personalized and intelligent products and services. The further development of the manufacturing industry is facing huge bottlenecks and difficulties, and the technological innovation and intelligent upgrading of the manufacturing industry are urgently needed.
       The rapid development and rapid popularization of new generation information technologies such as Internet of things, mobile Internet, big data, cloud computing and artificial intelligence will strongly promote the development of manufacturing industry. Industrial intelligence is the application of artificial intelligence in the field of manufacturing. It is an important content of the transformation and development of manufacturing industry, which is digital, networked and intelligent. With the rapid development of artificial intelligence technology, combined with mechanism model, engineering knowledge and industrial big data accumulation, artificial intelligence model in manufacturing field is formed and integrated with industrial software and industrial Internet platform, which will form a series of integrated and innovative technologies, products and modes. Artificial intelligence will optimize and improve production efficiency, improve product quality and reduce production costs. Typical application scenarios include intelligent products and equipment, intelligent factories and production lines, intelligent management and service, intelligent supply chain and logistics, intelligent R & D and design, intelligent monitoring and decision-making, etc. This will promote a revolutionary change in the industrial model, comprehensively reshape the value chain of the manufacturing industry, and greatly improve the innovation and competitiveness of the manufacturing industry.
      In the process of compiling, the author read many excellent teaching materials and related materials, and drew lessons from and absorbed the essence. The author hereby expresses heartfelt thanks to the people concerned. Due to the limited level of the editor, there are inevitably some mistakes in the book. Readers are welcome to correct and criticize them.

前 言

制造企业面临提高质量、提升效率降低成本以及快速响应不断增长的客户个性化消费需求的挑战。然而，现有制造体系和制造水平已经难以满足高端化、个性化、智能化产品和服务增值升级的需求，制造业的进一步发展面临巨大瓶颈和困难，迫切需要制造业的技术创新、智能升级。
        物联网、移动互联、大数据、云计算人工智能等新一代信息技术快速发展并迅速普及应用，将有力推动制造业发展。工业智能是人工智能在制造领域的应用，是制造业数字化、网络化、智能化转型发展的重要内容。随着人工智能技术的快速发展，结合机理模型、工程知识及工业大数据积累，形成制造领域的人工智能模型，并与工业软件、工业互联网平台相集成，将形成一系列融合创新的技术、产品与模式。人工智能赋能制造业领域，将优化提升生产效率、改善产品质量、降低生产成本，典型应用场景有智能产品与装备、智能工厂与生产线、智能管理与服务、智能供应链与物流、智能研发与设计、智能监控与决策等，将促进产业模式发生革命性的变化，全面重塑制造业价值链，极大提高制造业的创新力和竞争力。
       在编写过程中，参阅了许多优秀教材和相关资料，借鉴、吸收了其中的精华，在此特向有关作者表示衷心感谢。由于编者水平有限，书中难免存在一些错误和不妥之处，恳请读者给予批评指正。

With the rapid development of China’s economy, construction has become the most dynamic industry. Throughout the country, tens of thousands of high-rise buildings have sprung up; the rapid development of highway and railway construction has made remarkable achievements; the crisscross road network and railway network continue to extend and improve, effectively promoting the sustained, rapid and healthy growth of the national economy.
    At present, the scale of construction projects is expanding day by day, and the types are increasingly diverse, showing a vigorous development momentum. For the whole construction industry, improving the technical level and professional skills of construction personnel can effectively improve product quality and social benefits. For the construction personnel, improving their professional quality, especially some high-tech operation level, can greatly improve labor production efficiency, reduce labor intensity, speed up project progress, and reduce safety accidents. Therefore, improving the professional and technical level of the majority of construction personnel has become the top priority in the construction industry.
   Construction project safety production work is not only directly related to the safety of people’s lives and property, but also related to the sustained, rapid and healthy development of economic construction, and more importantly, to social stability. How to ensure the safe production of construction projects, avoid or reduce safety accidents, and protect the safety and health of employees, is an important issue in the field of engineering construction. From the perspective of safety accidents in construction projects in China, the root cause of the accidents lies in the lack of knowledge and ability of safety technology and safety management, and the lack of systematic education and training on safety technology and safety management. To this end, the national construction authorities and local authorities have successively promulgated a series of laws, regulations and standards on the safety production management of construction projects, so as to strengthen the safety responsibilities of all parties involved in construction projects, strengthen the supervision and management of construction project safety, and improve the safety level of construction projects in China.

前 言

随着我国经济的快速发展， 建设已成为当今最具有活力的一个行业。 纵观全国，数以万计的高楼拔地而起；公路、铁路建设发展迅猛，成就斐然，纵横交错的公路网和铁路网不断延伸、完善，有力地推动着国民经济持续快速健康增长。
       当前，建设工程的规模日益扩大，种类日益繁多，呈现出蓬勃发展的势头。对于整个建设行业来说，提高施工人员的技术水平和专业技能，可以有效地提高产品质量和社会效益。对于施工人员来说，提高自身的专业素质，特别是一些高技术含量的操作水平，可以大大提升劳动生产效率、降低劳动强度、加快工程进度、减少安全事故。因此，提高广大施工人员的专业技术水平，已成为当今建设行业的重中之重。
       建设工程安全生产工作不仅直接关系到人民群众生命和财产安全，而且关系到经济建设持续、快速、健康发展，更关系到社会的稳定。如何保证建设工程安全生产，避免或减少安全事故，保护从业人员的安全和健康，是工程建设领域急需解决的重要课题。从我国建设工程生产安全事故来看，事故的根源在于广大从业人员缺乏安全技术与安全管理的知识和能力，未进行系统的安全技术与安全管理教育和培训。为此，国家建设主管部门和地方先后颁布了一系列建设工程安全生产管理的法律、法规和规范标准，以加强建设工程参与各方的安全责任，强化建设工程安全生产监督管理，提高我国建设工程安全水平。

Water is the basic natural resources and strategic economic resources. The sustainable utilization of water resources is an important guarantee for the sustainable development of economy and society. China is one of the countries with the poorest per capita water resources in the world due to the serious shortage of fresh water resources and extremely unbalanced spatial and temporal distribution. With the rapid development of economy and society and the continuous growth of population, the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources has become increasingly prominent, which has become an important constraint factor for the sustainable development of China’s economy and society.
    At present, China’s water conservancy work has entered a new period. The Party Central Committee and the State Council attach great importance to water conservancy work, regard water resources as an important strategic resource, and emphasize the sustainable utilization of water resources to support the sustainable development of society. With the deepening of the social understanding of the important position and role of water conservancy, especially the new ideas of water control proposed by the Ministry of Water Resources, water conservancy will usher in a new period of rapid development, and water conservancy infrastructure has a long way to go.
    This paper mainly introduces the main technology of water conservancy construction, as well as the management and supervision of each link in the construction process, so as to better promote the smooth construction and completion of water conservancy projects. Doing a good job in all aspects of planning and design of water conservancy projects and in risk assessment, timely supervising the progress of the whole project, doing a good job
in technical training for construction personnel, and improving the overall quality of construction workers can promote the development and progress of water conservancy project construction and lay a good foundation for the national economic development and social progress.
     In the process of writing, this book has referred to and learned from the relevant theories and research of domestic and foreign scholars, and I would like to thank you very much. Due to the lack of time, it is inevitable that there are some deficiencies in the book. Please put forward your valuable suggestions for amendment.

前 言

水是基础性的自然资源和战略性的经济资源，水资源的可持续利用是经济社会可持续发展的重要保证。我国的淡水资源严重短缺且时空分布极不均衡，是全球人均水资源最贫乏的国家之一。随着经济社会的快速发展和人口的不断增长，水资源的供需矛盾日益突出，这已成为我国经济社会可持续发展的重要制约因素。
       当前，我国的水利工作进入了新时期。党中央国务院高度重视水利工作，把水
资源作为重要的战略资源，强调要以水资源的可持续利用支持社会的可持续发展。随着社会对水利的重要地位和作用的认识的不断深化，特别是水利部新的治水思路的提出，水利必将迎来新的快速发展时期，水利基本建设任重道远。
       本文主要对水利施工主要技术做了简单介绍，以及在施工过程中的各个环节进行管理和监督，才能更好地促进水利工程的顺利建设和完成。对水利工程做好全方面规划和设计，做好风险评估，对整个项目进展及时监督，对施工人员做好技术培训，提升施工者整体综合素质，可以促进水利工程建设的发展和进步，进而为国家经济发展和社会进步打下良好的基础。
      本书在写作过程中，参考和借鉴了国内外学者的相关理论和研究，在此深表谢意。由于时间紧迫，书中不足之处在所难免，烦请提出宝贵意见，以便修正。