The construction of water conservancy engineering is related to the people’s livelihood and the rapid and healthy development of the national economy. The quality of water conservancy engineering is not only closely related to its own economic benefits, but also related to the safety of people’s lives. The construction management responsibility of water conservancy engineering is considerably weighty. In the process of water conservancy engineering construction in the past, many experiences have proved that only by clearly dividing the construction responsibilities of each participant in the water conservancy projects, strengthening the quality of project management and improving the professional quality of construction personnel can the safety of national property and people’s life and property be ensured. This method can also enhance the reputation and economic benefits of construction enterprises.

  In recent years, China has paid more and more attention to water conservancy engineering and there are more and more new water conservancy projects because of the growing investment. However, the construction management and operation management of water conservancy engineering show a serious imbalance of “separation of management and construction, attaching importance to construction and underrating management”. This requires the organic combination of construction management and operation management of water conservancy engineering and the combination of construction and management to maximize the benefits of water conservancy engineering. Then the modern management of water conservancy engineering can be realized. The management of water conservancy engineering construction is an arduous and complex project. The ultimate goal of construction management is to organize efficient and high-quality management. In the process of project construction, we must reasonably allocate various works, optimize the combination of various production factors, and use modern technology and means to ensure the balance and stability of construction production. By doing these, we can produce more and better qualified engineering products, improve the overall comprehensive benefits of water conservancy engineering enterprises and promote the healthy development of the construction enterprises.

前 言

水利工程的建设关系到民生大计和国民经济的快速健康发展，而水利工程的质量也不仅仅只与工程本身的经济效益息息相关，更关系到百姓们的生命安全。水利工程的施工管理责任重于泰山。在过去的水利工程建设过程中，很多经验证明了只有分清楚水利工程各参建方的施工责任，加强工程质量管理，提高施工人员的专业素养，如此才能确保国家财产和人民的生命财产安全无虞，这种做法还能增强企业信誉和企业的经济效益。
       近年来，国家对水利工程越来越重视，投资力度越来越大，新建水利工程项目越来越多，但是水利工程建设管理和运行管理却呈现出“管建分离，重建清管”的严重失调现象。这就需要将水利工程建设管理与运行管理进行有机结合，分实现建管结合，促使水利工程效益得到最大的发挥，进而实现水利工程的现代化管理；水利工程施工项目管理工作是一项艰巨而复杂的工程，组织高效率、高质量的管理是施工项目管理的最终目标。我们在项目施工过程中，必须合理配置各项工作，优化组合各项生产要素，利用现代化的技术和手段，使施工生产的均衡性和稳定性得到保证，以便生产出更多、更好的合格的工程产品，以提高水利工程企业整体的综合效益，促进施工企业的健康发展。

Under the promotion of social economy, the new media developed through digital technology, network technology and mobile technology has a huge impact on the traditional media. Accelerating the popularization and application of new media technology and the infrastructure construction of digital radio and television will consolidate and expand the party’s position of public opinion propaganda, improve the quality and level of public service, and promote the vigorous development of related industries. The research on the development and application of radio and television technology in the digital media era highlights the application of innovative technology in the digital media era, and is close to the reality and frontier of the development of digital media technology. This book introduces the basic concepts and technical characteristics of new media technology elements based on digital technology. The content of the book is concise, novel and practical, and the principle is simple in theory and easy to understand.

前 言

在社会经济的推动下，通过数字技术、网络技术以及移动技术发展起来的新媒体对传统媒体产生了巨大冲击。加速进行新媒体技术的推广应用，加快数字化广播电视的基础建设，必将巩固和拓展党的舆论宣传阵地，提高公共服务质量与水平，促进相关产业的蓬勃发展。数字媒体时代的广播电视技术发展与应用研究突出数字媒体时代的创新技术应用，紧贴数字传媒技术发展现实和发展前沿。本书介绍了以数字技术为基础的各新传媒技术要素的基本概念和技术特点。 全文内容精简、 新颖、实用，原理深入浅出，通俗易懂。

With the development of society and the progress of science and technology, the level of architectural design should be constantly improved to meet people’s physiological and psychological needs. Municipal road and bridge planning also known as urban planning, which is an important part of urban management, the basis of municipal construction and management, and also the three stages of urban planning, urban construction and urban operation in municipal management. This book takes the actual municipal road and bridge engineering planning and design as the carrier, takes the construction process as the main line, pays attention to the combination of theory and practice, and highlights the practicability. The basic content is systematic and comprehensive, and the specific content is targeted and practical, which can meet the needs of municipal road and bridge engineering planning, design and construction.

前 言

随着社会的发展和科技的进步，建筑设计的水平应不断提高，满足人们的生理及心理需求。市政道桥规划也称城市规划，是城市管理的重要组成部分，是市政建设和管理的依据，也是市政管理中城市规划、城市建设、城市运行三个阶段。本书以实际的市政道桥工程规划设计为载体、以施工过程为主线，注意理论与实际相结合，突出实用性；体现实践运用，其基础内容具有系统性、全面性，具体内容具有针对性、实用性，满足市政道桥工程规划设计与施工需要。

With the continuous acceleration of urbanization construction, the infrastructure constructions is also constantly improving. As a critical part of municipal infrastructure construction, road and bridge engineering has also been greatly developed. Road and bridge construction is a large-scale project, which has a large amount of work and contains various contents. It also has strict requirements for the construction personnel, construction technology, construction safety progress and many other aspects. It is obvious that only by effectively improving the quality of road and bridge construction can the economic interests of construction enterprises be guaranteed and the actual value of road and bridge engineering be brought into full play.
  The scale of cities in China is increasing constantly. At the same time, the number of vehicles and population in the cities are increasing rapidly, which puts forward higher requirements for traffic environment. In order to alleviate the current urban traffic problems, municipal road and bridge engineering is also being carried out successively. The municipal road and bridge engineering has certain complexity. In the construction process, there are a lot of quality factors whose eruption will lead to severe quality problems and even traffic accidents. Therefore, strict management work must be carried out to ensure the quality of the project.
  In order to improve the construction quality of municipal road and bridge engineering in China, the application of municipal road and bridge engineering construction technology has been widely concerned. The application of the technology plays an extremely important role in the construction of municipal roads and bridges. It can not only effectively promote the development of the construction of municipal roads and bridges in China, but also promote the construction of the cities and the development of the whole regional economy in a certain sense.

前 言

随着城市化建设的不断加快，各项基础设施建设也在不断的完善，道路桥梁作为市政基础设施建设的关键组成部分，也得到了大力的发展，道路桥梁建设属于大型的工程，其工程量非常大，而且包含多项内容，对于施工人员、施工技术以及施工安全进度等多个方面都有着严格的要求，只有切实提高道路桥梁的建设质量，才能保证施工企业的经济利益，充分发挥道路桥梁建设的实际价值。
      我国城市的规模在不断地加大，同时，城市中的车辆以及人口数量都在急剧增加，对交通环境提出了更高的要求，为了缓解当前的城市交通现状，市政道路桥梁工程也在陆续的开展。市政道路桥梁工程具有一定的复杂性，施工的过程中存在大量的质量影响因素，这些因素如果爆发，就会带来严重的质量问题，对城市的交通会产生不良的影响，如果严重的话，还会引发交通事故，所以，必须要通过严格的管理工作，来保证项目的品质。
       为了提高我国市政道路桥梁的施工质量，市政路桥梁工程施工技术的应用受到了广泛关注，在市政路桥施工中发挥了极其重要的作用，不仅能够有效地促进我国市政道路市政路桥建设的发展，同时这也在一定意义上促进城市的建设和推动整个区域经济的发展。

Enterprise management includes production management, marketing management and financial management. Financial management is the core of the whole management system, and the financial management goal of an enterprise is the goal of the enterprise. It can be seen that only by taking financial management as the center and coordinating all aspects of the operation management system, can we effectively strengthen enterprise management and promote enterprise development. In China’s small and medium-sized enterprises, a considerable number of them simply pursue sales volume and market share, ignore the core position of financial management, and their management ideas are rigid and backward, which makes the enterprise management limited to the pattern of production and operation management, and the role of enterprise financial management and risk control has not been fully played. At the same time, the management ability and quality of enterprise managers are low. Due to the influence of macroeconomic environment change and system, the problems that hinder the financial management of small and medium-sized enterprises in strengthening the financial management of small and medium-sized enterprises have their own factors and macroeconomic factors. In addition, the imperfection of financial market will inevitably affect the deepening of enterprise financial management reform. This book starts from the current situation of small and medium-sized enterprises in China, based on the modern financial management, through analysis, to find the weaknesses and problems in the financial management of small and medium-sized enterprises, so as to explore the financial audit and management methods suitable for the development of small and medium-sized enterprises, and improve the financial management mechanism, so as to promote the healthy development of small and medium-sized enterprises.

前 言

企业管理包括生产管理、营销管理和财务管理等多个方面，财务管理是整个管理体系的核心，企业的财务管理目标即是企业追求的目标。可见，只有以财务管理为中心，协调运作管理体系的各个方面，才能有效地强化企业管理，促进企业发展。在我国中小企业中，有相当一部分单纯追求销量和市场份额，忽视了财务管理的核心地位，管理思想僵化落后，使企业管理局限于生产经营型管理格局之中，企业财务管理和风险控制的作用没有得到充分发挥。同时，企业管理者的管理能力和管理素质低下。由于受宏观经济环境变化和体制的影响，中小企业在加强财务管理方面遇到的阻碍中小企业的财务管理的问题，有企业自身因素，也有宏观经济因素。另外，金融市场的不完善也必然影响企业财务管理改革的深化等。本书从我国中小企业现状出发，以现代财务管理为依据，通过分析，寻找中小企业财务管理方面的弱点和问题，从而探讨适合中小企业自身发展的财务审计和管理方法，完善财务管理机制，以促进中小企业的健康发展。