China is a big country producing fruit and vegetable, and its output ranks first in the world. The fruit and vegetable processing industry has become an important part of the scale of fruit and vegetable planting. With the development of the economy and the improvement of people's living standards, people are paying more and more attention to food nutrition and their health. Fruit and vegetable juice beverages are rich in carbohydrate, amino acid, vitamins and mineral substance and other nutrients that are easily absorbed by the body, which can meet people's daily physiological need. Similarly, with the continuous advancement of science and technology, the freezing and refrigeration technology of food is getting more and more popular. The low-cost, long-term and high-quality preservation of food can be achieved by freezing and refrigerating food, which is the most commonly used method of food storage. By inhibiting the activities of microorganisms and enzymes and reducing the activity of food substrates, food spoilage can be prevented and the freshness and nutritional value of food can be maintained. At present, most places of freezing and refrigerating food in the market are large-scale refrigerators and freezers; and most households are generally refrigerators. The efficient and high-quality connection between the market and users depends on the construction of the refrigeration chain.

Through a brief introduction, this book will discuss the postharvest physiology, harvesting and commercial processing of fruit and vegetable products, fruit and vegetable storage, canned fruit and vegetable, quick-frozen fruit and vegetable, fruit and vegetable juice-making, fruit and vegetable sugar-making, fruit and vegetable pickling, fruit wine brewing, fresh-cut fruits and vegetable processing, and comprehensive utilization of raw fruit and vegetable.

前言

我国是水果和蔬菜生产大国，产量均居世界第一位，果蔬加工业已成为果蔬种植业规模化的重要环节。随着经济的发展和人们生活水平的提高，人们越来越重视食品营养与自身健康。果蔬汁饮料含有丰富的碳水化合物、氨基酸、维生素和矿物质等多种易被人体吸收的营养物质，能够满足人们日常的机体生理需要。同样，随着科学技术的不断进步，食品的冷冻冷藏技术越来越得到大家的喜爱，而且对食品的冷冻冷藏可实现食品的低成本、长时间、高品质的保存，是目前最普遍采用的食品贮藏方法。通过抑制微生物及酶类的活动和降低食品基质中的活性，来防止食品腐败变质，保持食品的新鲜度和营养价值。目前对市场食品冷冻冷藏的场所多为大型冷藏库、冷冻库，一般家用多为冰箱，实现市场与用户的高效、高品质的联系有赖于冷藏链的建设。

本书将通过简单的介绍，对果蔬产品采后生理、采收与商品化处理、果蔬贮藏、果蔬罐藏、果蔬速冻、果蔬制汁、果蔬糖制、果蔬腌制、果酒酿造、鲜切果蔬加工、果蔬原料的综合利用等方面加以论述。

With the improvement of people's living standards and the strengthening of self-health protection awareness, the requirements for the detection of textile products have been further improved. Therefore, we need to adapt to the development trend of the times, constantly innovate and develop new testing technologies, and strive to make the produced textiles meet the internationally accepted testing standards, so that China's textiles can truly achieve barrier-free exports and become a real textile exports power, and thus improve our comprehensive economic strength.

This book briefly introduces the status quo and development of textile materials, textile industry development and new materials application, the present situation and development of China's textile testing technology; and then systematically elaborates and studies six chapters, including the recognition and identification of textile materials, textile material performance testing, textile fiber material testing, yarn and its quality testing, textile quality testing and detection of harmful substances in ecological textiles. It is a practical and useful textile industry reference book.

前言

随着人们生活水平的提高，自我健康保护意识的加强，进一步提高了对纺织产品检测的要求。因此，就需要我们顺应时代的发展潮流，不断地创新开发出新的检测技术，并且争取使生产出的纺织品能顺利通过国际通用的检测标准，从而使我国纺织品真正的实现无障碍的出口，成为真正的纺织品出口大国，进而提高我国的综合经济实力。

本书先就纺织材料、纺织业发展与新材料应用、我国纺织品检测技术的现状与发展进行简要介绍，后对纺织材料的认识与鉴别、纺织材料的性能检测、纺织纤维材料检测、纱线及其品质检测、纺织物的品质检测以及生态纺织品中有害物质的检测六部分内容进行系统阐述与研究，是一本切合实际、非常实用的纺织业工具书。

In recent years, China's economy has developed rapidly, and people's demand for travel has increased. This also drives the rapid development of China's transportation industry. The number of private cars is increasing, while the contradiction between urban road supply and transportation demand is increasingly acute. Many urban roads and bridges have been difficult to meet the increasing transportation demand. The phenomenon of overload fatigue operation, coupled with the overload of some vehicles, road and bridge disease problems occur from time to time. The occurrence of road and bridge diseases not only shortens its service life, brings enormous economic losses to the country and people, but also lay hidden danger for transportation safety. In recent years, accidents caused by road and bridge collapse have occurred from time to time. Therefore, the construction team must strictly follow the relevant technical standards for construction and strengthen supervision to ensure the quality and safety of the construction. At the same time, we should also strengthen the awareness of environmental protection and avoid serious pollution to the environment during the construction process.

前言

近年来我国经济快速发展，人们对出行的需求越来越多，由此也带动着我国交通事业的快速发展，私人汽车数量的不断增加，而与此同时城市道路供给与运输需求的矛盾也日益尖锐，不少城市的道路桥梁已经很难满足日益增加的运输需求，出现超负荷疲劳运作的现象，加之部分车辆存在超载，道路桥梁病害问题时有发生，路桥病害的发生不仅缩短了其使用寿命，给国家和人民带来巨大的经济损失，还为交通运输安全埋下了隐患，近年来由于路桥坍塌造成的事故也时有发生，因此，施工单位必须严格遵循有关的技术标准进行施工，加强监督，确保施工的质量及安全。在此同时也应该强化环境保护意识，在施工过程中尽量避免对环境造成重大污染。

From the perspective of human development, security is the basic premise of development. For college students, security is the guarantee for their successful completion of their studies, but also the prerequisite for their healthy growth. In order to ensure the safety of college students and enable them to live and study in a safe environment, it is necessary to carry out safety education and management within the campus, and take effective measures to promote the effective implementation of safety education and management.

President Xi pointed out in the National Conference on Ideological and Political Work in Colleges and Universities held in December 2016: "We must persist in promoting the harmony and stability of colleges and universities, cultivate rational and peaceful mentality, strengthen humanistic care and psychological counseling, and build colleges and universities into a model place of stability and unity". At present, more and more non-traditional security factors affect the health and safety of college students. The continuous reform and innovation of colleges and universities is inseparable from the progress and development of society. However, in this seemingly favorable situation, it has a great impact on the safety awareness of college students. The safety of college students is getting more and more serious.

The ten chapters of the book mainly describe the safety education and management innovation of college students. The content is detailed and comprehensive, and the chapters are systematic and scientific. It helps college students to improve their safety awareness, master safety knowledge and defensive skills, and develop good safety habits, as well as enhance self-prevention ability.

前言

从人类的发展来看，安全是发展的基本前提，对大学生而言，安全是其顺利完成学业的保证，同时也是其健康成长的前提。要想保证大学生的安全，使其能够在安全的环境中生活与学习，就要在校园内部开展安全教育与管理工作，并采取有效措施，促进安全教育与管理工作的有效落实。

习近平总书记在2016年12月召开的全国高校思想政治工作会议中指出：“要坚持不懈促进高校和谐稳定，培育理性平和的健康心态，加强人文关怀和心理疏导，把高校建设成为安定团结的模范之地”。当前，越来越多的非传统安全因素影响着大学生的健康安全状况。高校的不断改革创新离不开社会的进步与发展，然而，在这看似有利的情况下却对大学生的安全意识产生很大的影响。大学生的安全问题越来越多，越来越严重。

本书分十章内容主要对大学生安全教育与管理创新进行全面的叙述，内容详细全面，章节系统科学，有助于大学生提高安全意识，掌握安全知识和防范技能，养成良好的安全习惯，增强自我防范能力。

With the development of the social economy, people's living standards have gradually improved, which makes people pay more attention to cultural relics. Unlike other objects, cultural relics have the basic characteristics of non-renewability and uniqueness. Therefore, people are more concerned about the protection and restoration of cultural relics. At present, in order to excavate the cultural heritage of the country and carry forward five-thousand years of the traditional culture of China, and promote the preservation of cultural relics for a longer time. So, it is crucial to strengthen the protection and restoration of museum cultural relics, which has become an important way for the sustainable development of museums.

This book briefly introduces the basic concepts and theories of cultural relics, cultural relics protection and cultural relics restoration, and then explains the development, damage, protection and restoration techniques of seven kinds of cultural relics of ceramics, bronzes, irons, paper, textiles, lacquered wood and bamboo wares, and fresco. It has made outstanding contributions to inheriting and carrying forward China’s traditional culture and improving the quality of museum cultural relics protection and restoration.

前言

随着社会经济的发展，人们的生活水平逐步提升，促使人们对文物关注度愈来愈高。与其他物件不同，文物具有不可再生性与唯一性的基本特征，因此，人们对文物的保护和修复也更为关心。当前，为挖掘国家的文化底蕴，弘扬中华五千年的传统文化，促使文物能更为长远地保存下去，因而，加强对博物馆文物的保护与修复变得十分关键，成为当前博物馆可持续发展的重要途径。

本书先简单介绍了文物、文物保护与文物修复的基本概念与理论，然后分别阐释了陶瓷、青铜、铁器、纸质、纺织品、漆木竹器与壁画七种文物的发展、损坏、保护与修复技术，为继承与弘扬我国的传统文化，提高博物馆文物保护与修复质量做出突出贡献。