In early 2017, The Opinions of the General Office of the State Council on Promoting the Sustainable and Healthy Development of the Construction Industry (GBF [2017] No. 19) puts forward the whole process of engineering consultation. It encourages investment consulting, survey, design, supervision, bidding agency, cost and other enterprises to develop the whole process engineering consulting through joint operation, merger and reorganization, and cultivate a number of international level whole process engineering consulting enterprises. Under this background, this book came into being, hoping to better guide the whole process of consulting business and serve the overall construction activities. This book is divided into six chapters, which are focused, concise, systematic, comprehensive, basic and typical.

前 言

2017 年初， 国务院办公厅关于促进建筑业持续健康发展的意见（国办发[2017]19号）中提出培育全过程工程咨询；鼓励投资咨询、勘察、设计、监理、招标代理、造价等企业采取联合经营、并购重组等方式发展全过程工程咨询，培育一批具有国际水平的全过程工程咨询企业。本书正是在这样的背景下，应运而生，也是希望能够更好的指导全过程咨询事业，服务于整体的建设活动。 本书共分为六章，重点突出，简明扼要，系统全面，具有基础和典型性。

Intelligent manufacturing is the central direction of the development of current manufacturing technology. Through the integration and deep fusion of manufacturing technology, information technology and artificial intelligence technology, intelligent manufacturing can carry out the analysis, judgment, reasoning, conception and decision-making of all aspects of manufacturing with the help of the manufacturing intelligence. The manufacturing intelligence is made by collecting and storing the data of the human experts during the manufacture in order to replace and extend the part of human mental work in the manufacturing environment. Therefore, the intelligent perception, intelligent learning, intelligent decision-making, intelligent control and intelligent execution in the manufacturing process, system and equipment are realized.
         Mechanical manufacturing automation technology is an interdisciplinary content system. It not only includes the design and manufacture in the mechanical field, but also the control, detection, management and information processing. At the same time, mechanical manufacturing automation technology is a developing science. Therefore, in the content arrangement of this book, the attention is not only paid to the combination with the engineering application, but also the combination with the frontier of current scientific and technological development. This book strives to achieve the independence and mutual connection between its chapters in order to help the readers understand and master the basic concepts and general knowledge of the application of the technology. Then the students can gradually gain the ability to solve the practical engineering problems. From a broad perspective, mechanical manufacturing automation and intelligent manufacturing technology will certainly shine with new brilliance. However, due to various reasons, they have not yet played their due role. The author of this book believes that the vast number of talents who aspire to improve the backward situation of the national manufacturing industry can learn useful knowledge from this book and then constantly solve the problems existing in the manufacturing industry. This is also the author’s expectation for the new future of manufacturing industry.

前 言

智能制造是当前制造技术的核心发展方向。智能制造通过制造技术、信息技术和人工智能技术的集成和深度融合，借助计算机收集、存储模拟人类专家的制造智能，进行制造各环节的分析、判断、推理、构思和决策，取代和延伸制造环境中人类的部分脑力劳动，实现制造过程、制造系统和制造装备的智能感知、智能学习、智能决策、智能控制与智能执行。
        机械制造自动化技术是一门跨学科的内容体系，它不仅包括机械领域的设计和制造内容，而且还包括控制、检测、管理和信息处理等方面的内容，同时机械制造自动化技术又是一门不断发展的学科。因此，本书在内容的编排上，既注重与工程应用相结合，又注重与当前科技发展的前沿相结合，着力做到各章节内容的独立与相互衔接，以利于读者了解和掌握其基本概念和应用常识，逐步培养学生解决工程实际问题的能力。 放眼望去， 机械制造自动化和智能制造技术定能创造出新的辉煌，但是由于受各种原因的制约还没有发挥出机械制造自动化和智能制造应有的作用，相信广大的有志于改善国家制造业落后局面的人才，能够从本书中汲取到有用的知识，并不断解决制造业中存在的问题，这也是本书作者对制造业新未来的期盼。

Since the beginning of the 21st century, China’s economy has developed rapidly, and the transportation industry has developed rapidly. Due to China’s strong support for Internet technology and scientific and technological innovation, under the promotion of this policy, the scale of the transportation industry is huge, and the existing transportation network can not adapt to it, so the highway construction is increasing. With the maturity of highway construction technology, the quality of highway construction has been greatly improved. Combining theory with practice, the highway construction technology in China has made great achievements.
    This book expounds the basic theory of highway engineering through the analysis of highway engineering construction technology, highway bridge construction technology, tunnel engineering construction technology, highway engineering construction cost management, technical management and highway ecological protection technology. Through the discussion of highway engineering construction technology, this book studies the development and application of highway engineering construction technology. It is a professional book combining theory with practice, and there is no lack of innovative highway engineering construction technology, in order to provide a new theoretical support and assistance for the vast number of highway engineering practitioners in China, and contribute to China’s transportation and highway construction.

前 言

进入 21 世纪以来，我国的经济发展较快， 交通运输业迅猛发展，由于我国大力支持互联网技术和科技创新，在这一政策的推动下，运输业的规模庞大，现有的交通网络已不能适应，所以公路建设不断增加，随着公路建设技术的日趋成熟，公路建设的质量也得到了较大完善，理论结合实践使我国公路施工技术取得较大发展的成果。
        本书通过对公路工程施工技术、高速公路桥梁施工技术、隧道工程施工技术与公路工程施工成本管理、技术管理以及公路的生态保障技术的分析，阐明公路工程的基础理论，通过对公路工程施工技术的探讨，研究了公路工程施工技术的发展与应用，是一本理论与实践相结合，又不乏创新的公路工程施工技术的专业书籍，以期为我国广大公路工程从业者提供全新的理论支持与辅助，为我国的交通运输与公路建设添砖加瓦。

众所周知，电能是现代人类社会赖以生存和发展的极其重要的物质技术基础。电能的应用已经深入到现代人类社会生活和生产的各个方面。电能的应用给人类社会带来了光明、动力和现代文明。现代社会的信息技术、智能技术及其他高新技术，无一不是建立在电能应用的基础之上。然而，由于“电”的特殊性能，它既看不见，听不到， 又摸不得， 人们不能凭视觉和听觉更不能凭触觉来直接判断某处是否有电，而且电的传播速度又极快，几乎与光速相等，因此一旦接通电源，则不论与电源相连的导体距离电源有多远， 人们只要接触此导体就可遭受其触电的伤害， 轻则受伤，重则致残或丧命。又由于电流通过导体时要产生热效应，在电路过负荷或短路时可烧毁设备或引发火灾爆炸，还要造成停电，给人们的正常生活、生产和生命财产造成巨大的损失。因此在用电过程中，一定要本着“以人为本、安全第一”的方针，切实注意安全用电，作好安全用电工作。
       本书之所以名为《城市供电与用电安全管控》，不只是由于在讲述安全用电技术知识时，侧重在人们日常生活和生产用电中必备的安全知识，理论联系实际，论述浅显易懂，而更主要的是本书尽量以我国现行标准规范为依据，力求增强读者的标准规范意识。

In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s social and economic construction, the situation of load, three-dimensional, large area, large space modern fire and mine collapse, super typhoon, leakage of dangerous chemicals and other major disasters and accidents is increasingly severe, and the development of China’s fire protection industry has been severely challenged.
       In the process of industrial production, due to improper management, technical defects and other reasons, there are often fire and explosion accidents, resulting in serious property losses or casualties. With the development of modern industry, the production process is more and more complex, and the risk and harmfulness of industrial medium fire and explosion are also increasing. Therefore, the problem of fire and explosion prevention has become a social concern and the top priority in production safety.
        Fire accident is very destructive. Once a fire accident happens, it will cause serious consequences. Therefore, it is of great significance to study the basic knowledge of fire and explosion, master the general rules of such accidents, and take effective fire and explosion prevention measures for the development of national economy. It is hoped that through this course, students can understand the hazards of fire and explosion disasters, be familiar with and master the basic theory and technical methods of preventing and controlling fire and explosion disasters, so as to effectively prevent the occurrence of fire and explosion accidents, ensure the life safety of operators and reduce property losses.
      If there is a fire, it will cause great harm to the building residents. In order to strengthen the residential fire prevention management effect, we need to consider the existing problems in the field of building fire prevention, innovate the management content, do a good job in fire prevention supervision and management, and ensure the property safety and personal safety of the public.

前 言

近年来，随着我国社会和经济建设的快速发展，负荷、立体型、大面积、大空间的现代火灾及矿井坍塌、超强台风、化学危险品泄漏等重大灾害事故形势日益严峻，我国消防事业的发展受到了严峻挑战。
       在工业生产过程中，由于管理不当、技术缺陷等原因，常引发火灾爆炸事故，造成严重的财产损失或人员伤亡。随着现代工业的发展，生产工艺越来越复杂，工业介质发生火灾爆炸的危险性与危害性也随之升高。因此，防火防爆问题已成为社会广为关注的问题和安全生产中的头等大事。
       火灾事故具有很大的破坏性，一旦发生火灾事故，会造成严重的后果。所以认真研究火灾和爆炸的基本知识，掌握发生这类事故的一般规律，采取有效的防火与防爆措施，对发展国民经济具有非常重要的意义。希望通过这门课程，使学生能够了解火灾与爆炸灾害的危害，熟悉和掌握杜绝控制火灾与爆炸灾害的基本理论与技术方法，从而有效防止火灾与爆炸事故的发生，保障作业人员生命安全和减少财产损失。
      如果发生火灾，同时会对建筑居民造成极大的伤害，为了加强住宅防火管理效果，需要结合实际情况，考虑建筑消防领域存在的问题，创新管理内容，做好防火监督管理工作，保障大众的财产安全与人身安全。