The construction quality of HVAV system is very important to buildings. With the  improvement of people’s living standards, people’s demand for housing is higher and  higher, it is resonable to require buildings have better HVAV facilities to ensure the indoor  temperature.  In recent years, on the one hand, under the impetus of rapid development of social  development in our country, on the other hand, our country’s architectural level is also  improving, the number of civil architectural is increasing year by year with the expanding  scale and more and more complex structure. In the meantime, People’s requirements for  various systems in civi buildings is higher and higher. The HVAV system is an important  system in civil buildings, it will directly affects the internal air environment and comfort  level of civil buildings. Moreover, with the further implementation of sustainable  development strategy and the vigorous implementation of energy conservation and  environmental protection policy in recent years, the requirements for HVAV design is  much higher. Therefore, in designing the HVAV system of modern civil buildings, we  should not only pay attention to its functional design, but other problems should be took  into full consideration.  With the development of construction industry, the demand and requirements for  construction equipment have also been improved. Currently, the equipment used in the  buildings have developed towards a more optimized and efficient trend. During which the  use of HVAV system has attracted a lot of attention. On the one hand, it has brought great  convenience to our work and life, on the other hand, it also raised energy and resource  problems. Given the backdrop, it is important to optimize and innovate the HVAV system  design. We should strengthen the use of HVAV and choose the most suitable development  path for the current situation.

前 言  

暖通空调系统的施工质量对建筑来说非常重要。随着人民生活水平的提高，人 们对住房的需求越来越高，要求建筑有更好的暖通设施，来保证建筑物室内温度的 合理性。 近年来，一方面在我国社会经济飞速发展的推动下，另一方面在我国建筑水平 不断进步的促进下，使得我国的民用建筑工程数量逐年增多、规模不断扩大及结构 日益复杂，与此同时，人们对民用建筑中各个系统的设计要求也越来越高。暖通空 调系统是民用建筑中的一个重要系统，它的设计水平，直接影响着民用建筑的内部 空气环境与舒适度水平。而随着近年来我国可持续发展战略的深入实施及节能环保 政策的大力推行，对民用建筑暖通空调系统的设计也提出了更高的要求。所以，在 现代民用建筑暖通空调系统设计中，不但要关注到其功能性设计问题，还要充分考 虑到其他设计问题。 随着建筑行业的不断发展，对于建筑设备的需求和要求也得到了提升。当前针 对建筑行业内部所使用的相关设备，已朝向更优化、更高效趋势发展。在这个过程 中暖通空调的使用也引起了更多人的重视，一方面暖通空调的应用为我们的工作生 活带来了极大的便利，另一方面也引发了相关的能源资源问题。在这种环境背景下， 提出对于暖通空调控制系统设计的优化和创新是十分必要的。加强当前暖通空调的 实际使用状况，为目前的发展选择出最合适的发展路径。

The harmonious coexistence of human and architectural environment is the eternal development theme of architecture. Generally speaking, green building is to save resources (such as saving energy, land, water, building materials and so on.), protect the environment and reduce pollution on the premise of meeting people’s use requirements, so that people and nature can coexist harmoniously. In recent years, China’s central government and provincial and local governments have successively introduced the development policy system of green building, and the space scale settlement of “building energy saving green building green residential area green ecological city” is gradually forming. Prefabricated building is a kind of building assembled on site with prefabricated components produced by factory. The advantage of this kind of building is that the construction speed is fast, and the restriction of climate conditions is small. It can not only save labor but also improve the construction quality. Generally speaking, it is like building a house like a car. In 2016, the State Council issued the“guidance on vigorously developing prefabricated buildings” to vigorously promote the development of national prefabricated buildings.
      At present, China’s housing industry is mainly developing in the direction of dress matching housing construction technology, and combining it with the development concept of green building. In other words, on the basis of ensuring the service life and practicability of buildings, we should try our best to achieve energy conservation and emission reduction, that is, to save energy, land and materials, to minimize pollution emissions, and to create a safe, healthy, practical and beautiful residential environment for people. In housing construction, especially in indemnificatory housing construction, we must integrate the principle of green building into the design, and strive to realize the standardization and assembly of housing construction. The purpose of this book is to explore the prefabricated building technology and green building technology, in order to contribute to the development of China’s housing industry.

前 言

人与建筑环境和谐共处是建筑永恒的发展主题。绿色建筑，通俗来讲就是在满足人们使用要求的前提下，最大限度地节约资源（如节约能源、节约用地、节约用水、节约建材等）、保护环境及减少污染，使人与自然和谐共存。近年来，我国中央政府及省市地方政府陆续出台了关于绿色建筑的发展政策体系， “建筑节能-绿色建筑-绿色住区-绿色生态城区”的空间规模化聚落正在逐步形成。装配式建筑是指用工厂生产的预制构件在现场装配而成的建筑。这类建筑的优点是建筑速度快，受气候条件的制约小，既可节约劳动力又可提高建筑质量，通俗来说，就是像造汽车一样来造房子。国务院于 2016 年发布了《关于大力发展装配式建筑的指导意见》，以此大力推动国家装配式建筑的发展。
        当前，我国住宅产业主要朝着装配式住宅建设技术的方向发展，并且将其和绿色建筑的发展理念相结合，也就是在保证建筑的使用寿命、实用性的基础之上，尽可能地做到节能减排，即节约能源、土地.材料等，尽量减少污染排放，给人们创造安全健康、实用美观的住宅环境。在住宅建设中，特别是在保障性住宅建设中一定要将绿色建筑的原则融入设计中，努力实现住宅建设的标准化和装配化。本书旨在深入探讨装配式建筑技术及绿色建筑技术，以期为我国住宅产业的发展贡献绵薄之力。

Modern people’s requirements for living environment are increasing day by day. Therefore, the landscape design of residential quarters has become an important issue for builders to consider. Modern people’s requirements for living environment are increasing day by day. Therefore, the landscape design of residential quarters has become an important issue for builders to consider. This book first systematically introduces the landscape design and plant configuration method of ecological residential district, and on this basis, it puts forward the basic design basis of landscape area. Finally, it is pointed out that the landscape design of residential quarters should pay more attention to humanistic harmony, so as to continuously improve the quality and ornamental value of landscape. With the rapid development of China’s urbanization process, the wave of residential construction swept across the country.
         Housing is not only a house for people to live in, but also a harbor for people to rest. Therefore, the planning, design and construction of residential areas should not only meet the functions and quality of residential areas, but also have corresponding understanding and requirements for the environment outside the residential areas. Facing the new situation and new problems, such as high concentration of population and shortage of land resources, the relevant management departments and practitioners must seriously thinkand practice carefully on how to create a green and natural, warm and harmonious living environment through scientific and reasonable garden landscape construction, so as to meet the living needs of residents to the maximum extent.

前 言

现代人们对居住环境的要求水平日渐提高，因此，住宅小区的园林景观设计成了建筑商需要考虑的重要问题。本书首先系统介绍了生态型住宅小区园林景观设计及植物配置方法，并在此基础上提出了园林景观区的基本设计依据，最后指出住宅小区园林景观的设计应该更加注重人文和谐，从而不断提升园林景观的品质和观赏价值随着中国城镇化进程的急速发展，住宅区建设的浪潮席卷全国各地。
       住宅不仅仅是指供人们居住的房屋，更是人们休憩的港湾。因此，住宅区的规划、设计建设，在满足住宅区应有的功能、品质的同时，对住宅以外的小区环境也应有相应的认识和要求。面对人口高度集中、土地资源紧缺等新形势、新问题，怎样通过科学合理的园林景观建设，营造绿色自然、温馨和谐的居住环境，最大限度地满足居民的生活需求，相关管理部门和从业人员须认真思考、谨慎实践。

志愿服务是现代文明社会不可缺少的一部分，从 19世纪初期发展至今经历了三个阶段∶萌芽阶段宗教慈善关爱，开展社会服务;发展壮大阶段国家推动，促进经济社会建设;联合国倡导志愿服务，推动全球社会创新。可以说，每个阶段的发展都与社会的发展和变革息息相关。 当今社会正处干巨大变革中，以智能化和信息化为核心的第四次工业革命正以前所未有的态势向我们席卷而来。

当前，文化遗产事业发展站在了一个新的历史起点上。在互联网浪潮的加持下，大量志愿者投身于博物馆公众服务事业，博物馆志愿组织"井喷"式发展;但同时也相继出现一些问题，主要表现在传统的博物馆志愿服务理念对于新兴互联网技术的接受度不高，志愿服务管理效能低、创新力有限，志愿服务项目质量参差不齐等情况。因此， 我们有必要前瞻性地看待互联网背景下博物馆志愿服务的发展机遇和挑战，为相关方提供相关理论和实践指导。

在此，要感谢在本书编写过程中给予支持的所有领导和专家，项目启动之前召开了专家研讨会，书稿形成后又召开了专家评审会，与会领导、专家提供了非常好的建议和指导;非常感谢中国博物馆协会志愿者专委会秘书处林磊老师为本书的出版提供了大量专业意见和指导。同时，也非常感谢苏州博物馆蒋函老师、杭州工艺美术馆叶秋慧老师、北京汽车博物馆戴钰老师为本书提供了丰富的案例资料，这些案例有效地支撑了本书的相关理论。志愿精神是需要弘扬和传承的。唯愿本书的出版能给行业带来点滴的帮助。对本书之不足，欢迎大家批评指正，也希望更多的专家、朋友们参与到博物馆志愿服务的研究中，共同推动中国博物馆志愿服务事业可持续发展。

随着我国医疗体制改革不断深化，现代医院若想在激烈的竞争中取得优势，必须抓住医疗改革的机会，努力提高医院管理水平，将管理因素转化为医院可持续发展的动力。医院提高管理水平可以从实现精细化管理着手，通过对医院内部控制和财务管理方面进行升级优化，将精细化管理理念植入医院全面内部控制之中，从而帮助医院提高管理质量和服务水平。

精细化管理最早在我国企业中应用，其相关理念和理论推广至现代医院管理中是一种对精细化管理的拓展。所谓精细化管理，就是以最大限度地减少管理所占用的资源和降低管理成本为主要目标的管理方式。精细化管理通过升级改造员工素质，加强医院内部控制，强化链接协作管理，从而从整体上提升医院的效益。

随着社会发展，人们对健康越来越重视，对医疗服务的要求也会越来越高。医院实行精细化管理必须与医院的全面内部控制制度相结合，创新应用精细化管理的相关理论，结合实际情况建立适合自己独特精细化管理体系。医院目前只有实行精细化管理才能实现对管理水平的跨越发展， 才能将管理与医院长远发展比略目标相结合，才能提高医疗服务水平，赢得患者的信赖。