We have entered the era of “Internet plus”. The emergence of the application of  intelligent computer terminals based on mobile phone has brought great convenience to  people and will continue to change people’s way of life. Computer network is an  extremely important tool in this era. The basic knowledge of computer network and the  basic methods of computer network application are the necessary knowledge and skills for  each major of information science to expand the field of professional application and  improve the level of professional application. It is necessary for the students of  information science to learn and master the basic principles and application methods of  computer network.  Computer network, especially the Internet based on TCP / IP protocol cluster, is  becoming the engine of new economic development. The new economic development  mode created by computer network has produced huge economic and social benefits, and  has also played an innovative and even subversive impact on the traditional economic  model. These also have a profound impact on the education of computer and network  science and engineering. With the continuous development of network technology, the  existing technology continues to bring forth new ones. At the same time, computer  education is also affected by the changes in the professional, cultural and social scope of  its application. Computer science is applied in a wider range, and the content is also more  abundant. In the view of educators, its curriculum system, teaching content, teaching  methods and teaching means need to deepen the reform according to the development of  computer and network science and technology, and keep pace with the times. In the  engineering education aiming at solving practical problems, we should combine the  students’ training objectives closely and organically, pay attention to the integration of  knowledge, ability and quality education, and strengthen students’ practical ability of  analyzing and solving problems.

前 言  

我们已经进入“互联网+”时代，大量基于手机这种计算机网络智能终端设备 的应用的出现，给人们带来了极大的便利，并将继续改变人们的生活方式。计算机 网络是这个时代极其重要的工具，计算机网络基本知识、计算机网络应用基本方法 是信息学科各个专业拓展专业应用领域、提升专业应用水平的必备知识和技能。对 于信息学科各专业的学生而言，学习和掌握计算机网络基本原理和应用方法是十分 必要的。 计算机网络特别是以 TCP/IP 协议簇为基础的互联网正在成为新经济发展的引 擎，其创造的全新经济发展模式产生了巨大的经济及社会效益，同时对传统的经济 模式也起到革新甚至颠覆性的影响。这些也对计算机以及网络科学与工程的教育产 生深刻的影响。随着网络技术的不断发展，已有的技术不断推陈出新，同时计算机 教育也被其应用的专业、文化和社会范围的改变而影响，计算机科学适用在更广泛 的范围，内容也越加丰富。在教育工作者看来，其课程体系、教学内容、教学方法、 教学手段上都需要根据计算机及网络科学技术的发展不断深化改革，与时俱进。在 以解决实际问题为目标的工程教育中应紧密有机地结合学生的培养目标，注重知识、 能力、素质教育三个方面的综合，加强学生分析、解决问题的实际能力。

At present, the global shortage of resources and environmental problems have become increasingly prominent. Energy and environmental problems have become the main bottleneck restricting economic development. The development and utilization of new energy can well alleviate this problem. Among them, the technology of power generation using new energy has been widely valued.
      As a cleaner energy, renewable energy plays an increasingly important role in the diversified development of energy supply. According to the International Energy Agency (IEA), the proportion of renewable energy in the global energy consumption structure will increase to 42% by 2021, and the proportion of renewable energy power generation in electric energy will reach 28% and by 2035, renewable energy power generation (including hydropower) will account for 50% of the global power generation growth, and its share in the total global power generation will increase to 31%, thus becoming the most important fuel in the power industry. According to the recommendation of IEA, renewable energy can be divided into three categories: the first is large-scale hydropower station, the second is biomass energy, and the third is new renewable energy, namely new energy, including solar energy, wind energy, small hydropower and ocean energy. In addition, except for solar energy, wind energy, small hydropower, ocean energy and other primary energy, new energy usually includes fuel cells and other secondary energy.
       As an effective measure to solve environmental problems, new energy power generation technology has the characteristics of high efficiency and fast rate, and has become the resource development technology advocated by the relevant national departments. Therefore, in the practical application process, it is necessary to widely use new energy power generation technology, improve the utilization rate of energy, reduce energy pollution, protect the natural environment, so as to better promote the harmonious development of man and nature.

前 言

当前，全球资源紧缺与环境问题日益突出，能源和环境问题成了制约经济发展的主要瓶颈，新能源的开发和利用可以很好地缓解这一问题，其中利用新能源发电的技术受到广泛的重视。
      可再生能源作为一种更加清洁的能源，在能源供应多元化发展中扮演着越来越重要的角色，根据国际能源署（International Energy Agency,IEA）预测到 2021 年，可再生能源在全球能源消费结构中的占比将增至 42%，可再生能源发电在电力能源中的占比将达到 28%，到 2035 年可再生能源发电（包括水电）占全球发电量增长的50%，并且在全球发电总量中的占比将增加至 31%，从而成为电力行业最主要的燃料。按照 IEA 的推荐，将可再生能源分为三类，第一类为大型水电站，第二类为生物质能，第三类为新的可再生能源，即新能源，包括太阳能、风能、小水电、海洋能等。此外，新能源除了包含太阳能、风能、小水电、海洋能等一次能源外，通常还包含燃料电池等二次能源。
       新能源发电技术作为解决环境问题的有效举措，具有高效益、快速率等特征，成为目前国家有关部门重点倡导的资源开发技术。因此在实际应用过程中需要广泛利用新能源发电技术，提高能源的利用率，减少能源污染，保护自然环境，从而更好地促进人与自然的和谐发展。

Agriculture is the foundation of the national economy and the cornerstone of national stability. We must attach importance to the development of agriculture and put agriculture first in economic work. The development of agricultural production and the prosperity of the rural economy must rely on technological progress.
         Grain, cotton and oil are the important commodities related to national economy and people's livelihood. It is necessary to speed up the development of modern agriculture, enhance comprehensive agricultural production capacity, and ensure national food security and effective supply of important agricultural products. With the rapid advancement of industrialization, urbanization and agricultural modernization, the consumption demand for major agricultural products such as grain has increased rigidly, the constraints on climate, arable land and water resources have increased, the impact of changes in rural labor structure has increased, and the newly emerging urban agriculture also poses a challenge to traditional agriculture. How to promote the sustainable and stable development of the planting industry and achieve the goal of “high yield, high quality, high efficiency, ecology and safety” has become an important issue that agricultural workers must consider. To this end, we have compiled this book to help farmers get richer and make further contributions to promoting agriculture by application of science and technology.

前 言

农业是国民经济的基础，是国家稳定的基石。必须重视农业的发展，把农业放在经济工作的首位。而发展农业生产，繁荣农村经济，必须依靠科技进步。
        粮棉油是关系国计民生的重要商品。要加快发展现代农业，增强农业综合生产能力，确保国家粮食安全和重要农产品有效供给。随着工业化、城镇化和农业现代化快速推进，粮食等主要农产品消费需求刚性增长，气候、耕地和水资源约束日益增强，农村劳动力结构变化冲击增强，方兴未艾的都市农业也对传统农业提出了新的要求。如何促进种植业持续稳定发展，实现“高产、优质、高效、生态、安全”目标成为农业工作者必须考虑的重要课题。为此，我们编写了此书，帮助农民发家致富，为科技兴农再做贡献。

With the continuous development of scientific level, more and more new building construction technologies are applied in contemporary building construction, which promotes the development of building construction level. At the same time, construction units must also rely on new technologies to improve their corporate competitiveness in order to stand out from the increasingly fierce competition and achieve maximum improvement.
      At present, our country is at the peak of large-scale construction. Economic construction is developing very rapidly, and modern engineering technology is becoming increasingly complex. The development of modern building construction technology not only solves many complex technical problems that are difficult to solve with traditional construction methods, but also plays a very important role in improving project quality, speeding up construction progress, improving production efficiency, and reducing project costs. Therefore, how to understand and absorb these new technologies and how to apply and innovate these new technologies in practice have become urgent problems for the majority of construction engineering and technical personnel. Quality control is an important part of quality management, and its purpose is to make the inherent characteristics of products, systems or processes meet the requirements, that is, to meet the quality requirements (such as applicability, safety, etc.) put forward by customers and laws and regulations. 

前 言

伴随着科学水平的不断发展，越来愈多的建筑施工新技术应用在当代建筑施工中，促进了建筑施工水平的发展，而建筑施工单位也一定要依赖新技术提高企业竞争力，在日益激烈的竞争中脱颖而出，让单位自身取得最大程度的提升。
      目前，我国正处于大规模建设高峰时期，经济建设发展十分迅速，现代工程技术复杂性越来越高，现代建筑施工新技术的发展，不仅解决了用传统的施工方法难以解决的很多复杂的技术问题，而且在提高工程质量、加快施工进度、提高生产效率、降低工程成本等方面均发挥了十分重要的作用。因此，了解和吸收这些新技术，并在工作中应用和创新，已成为广大建筑工程技术人员亟待解决的问题。质量控制是质量管理的重要组成部分，其目的是使产品、体系或过程的固有特性达到要求，即满足顾客及法律、法规等方面所提出的质量要求（如适用性、安全性等）。

Since human beings have had nursing, nursing is people’s instinct and need for survival. In ancient society, nursing often symbolized maternal love and wife’s love for her husband. The initial sense of family or self-care has become the cradle of life growth, which develops with the existence of human beings and the understanding of nature. Modern nursing is based on the development of biomedicine after the middle ages. It is a comprehensive application technology of natural science and social science. Modern nursing technology contains the knowledge of natural science, such as biology, physics, chemistry, anatomy, physiology and so on, which puts forward higher requirements for the comprehensive quality of nursing staff. Modern nursing technology based on clinical nursing, adhering to the concept of people-oriented nursing, pay more attention to the cure and rehabilitation of patients. Rehabilitation nursing and family nursing are the extension of nursing technology after traditional nursing. Rehabilitation nursing is a dynamic process of helping the injured and disabled from the perspective of nursing, so that they can recover their physical, mental, emotional and social employment abilities to the maximum extent possible, so that they can be as independent as possible in their life, from passive acceptance of other people's care to self-care. Family nursing is to ensure the health of patients after discharge by family members’ monitoring. Based on clinical nursing, this book introduces the nursing of patients with internal diseases (including digestive system diseases and rheumatic diseases), prevention and control of nosocomial infection, rehabilitation of craniocerebral and orthopedic diseases, home care and home care of various catheters, which is used as a theoretical guidance textbook for patient monitoring and rehabilitation.

前 言

自有人类以来就有护理，护理是人们谋求生存的本能和需要。在古代社会，护理往往象征着母爱及妻子对丈夫的关爱。初始的家庭或自我护理意识成为抚育生命成长的摇篮，它伴随着人类的存在和人类对自然的认识而发展。近代护理是在中世纪之后生物医学发展的基础上起步的，是以自然科学和社会科学综合性应用技术。现代护理技术包含了自然科学，如生物学、物理学、化学、解剖学、生理学等知识，对护理人员的综合素质提出了更高的要求。现代护理技术以临床护理为基础，秉承以人为本的护理理念，更加注重病患的治愈与康复。康复护理与家庭护理是继传统护理之后，护理技术的延伸。康复护理是从护理角度帮助伤病残者，使他们在肉体、精神、情绪、社会就业方面的能力复原到可能达到的最大限度，以便他们在生活中尽可能地独立，从被动地接受他人护理，转变为自我护理的动态过程。家庭护理是通过家庭成员对病患的实施监护，保障病患出院以后的身体健康。本书以临床护理为基础，介绍了内科疾病患者的护理（包括消化系统疾病患者、风湿性疾病患者）、院内感染的预防与控制、颅脑与骨科疾病的康复、家庭护理以及各种导管的家庭护理，作为病患监护与康复的理论指导教材。