Water conservancy project construction is the work of constructing water conservancy projects in accordance with the requirements in the project design on project structure, quantity, quality, schedule and cost. The application, operation, maintenance and protection of water conservancy projects are an important part of water conservancy project management. After the completion of water conservancy projects, we must implement effective management to achieve the expected results and verify the correctness of the original planning and design. The basic tasks in project management are to maintain the integrity and safety of engineering buildings and equipment, keeping them in a good technical condition; to correctly use water conservancy engineering equipment to control, regulate, distribute and use water resources, and give full play to its benefits in flood control, irrigation, water supply, power generation, shipping, and environmental protection. Doing a good job in the construction and management of water conservancy projects will give strong support to the fully functioning of project engineering.
        Our country’s current water resources are severely insufficient in quantity, the quality of water bodies is getting worse and worse, and the problem of water quality pollution is becoming increasingly prominent. People have paid more attention to water quality. In order to achieve the purpose of understanding, protecting, managing and improving the quality of water bodies, it is necessary to conduct planned investigations, studies and monitoring on the form, nature and content of substances that affect the quality of water bodies. Thus we can obtain a clear understanding, which will help to use legislative, economic, educational, administrative and technological measures to effectively control water pollution. Therefore, water quality monitoring is the basis for water pollution prevention and water resources protection, and the foundation for implementing water environment protection laws and regulations and implementing water quality management.

前 言

水利工程施工是按照设计提出的工程结构、数量、质量、进度及造价等要求修建水利工程的工作。水利工程的运用、操作、维修和保护工作，是水利工程管理的重要组成部分，水利工程建成后，必须通过有效的管理，才能实现预期的效果和验证原来规划、 设计的正确性； 工程管理的基本任务是保持工程建筑物和设备的完整、安全，使其处于良好的技术状况；正确运用水利工程设备，以控制、调节、分配、使用水资源，充分发挥其防洪、灌溉、供水、水、发电、航运、环境保护等效益。
       做好水利工程的施工与管理是发挥工程功能的鸟之两翼、车之双轮。我国目前的水资源不仅表现为数量严重不足，而且水体质量也越来越差，水质污染问题日益突出。水的质量状况日益受到人们的重视。为了达到了解、保护、管理和改善水体质量的目的，必须对影响水体质量的物质的形态、性质和含量进行有计划的调查研究和监测，以便得到明确的认识，进而有助于利用立法、经济、教育、行政和技术等手段，有效地控制水体污染。因此，水质监测是进行水污染防治和水资源保护的基础，是贯彻执行水环境保护法规和实施水质管理的依据。

With the rapid development of industrialization and urbanization, the demand for the indispensable energy, oil resources, is increasing in the both fields of production and life. With the discovery of some offshore oilfields, the development of offshore oilfields has become the current key direction of the oilfield development. Due to the particularity of the environment around the offshore oilfields, drilling equipment is the critical equipment and tools for the development. The harsh environmental conditions and high-intensity operation may lead to certain problems of drilling equipment. In addition, marine resources are diverse, and various devices are widely used in the development process. How to use these devices effectively and how to use them to get the full benefit are the problems that we marine workers need to solve.
     Offshore engineering equipment industry is a strategic emerging industry whose cultivation and development are accelerated in China, and it will be in a critical period of rapid development in the next 10 years. Therefore, in terms of the arrangement of the structural system, this book focuses on the development goals and key technologies of China's marine development in the next 15-20 years, and comprehensively introduces the equipment, technology and principle of offshore oil and gas, marine power resources, and seabed mineral resources development.
       Deep sea electromechanical technology is comprehensive. It involves machinery, electronics, control, acoustics, optics, materials and structure. It is a multidisciplinary high-tech field. Therefore, this book strives to highlight the critical basic knowledge of various disciplines related to marine development, and use and explain it in combination with marine development. Marine development is all-inclusive, and new hot spots emerge endlessly. This book strives to introduce and analyze typical systems in relevant fields, so that readers can make comprehensive use of basic and professional knowledge, and gradually cultivate the ability of analyzing and solving problems and innovation ability in combination with the needs of deep-sea development.

前 言

工业化与城市化的快速发展过程中，石油资源的需求量日益增多，在生产生活领域都是不可或缺的能源。随着一些海上油田的发现，海洋油田开发成为了当前的重点开发方向，由于海洋油田分布环境的特殊性，钻井设备是开发的关键设备与工具，恶劣的环境条件和高强度的运行可能会导致钻井设备存在一定的问题；此外，海洋资源多样，开发过程所使用的设备非常多，电子设备占有量巨大，如何有效使用这些设备，使其发挥最大效益，是我们海洋工作者持之以恒需要解决的问题。
       海洋工程装备产业是我国当前加快培育和发展的战略性新兴产业， 未来 10 年将处于快速发展的关键时期。因此，本书在结构体系的安排上，紧紧围绕今后我国15~20 年内海洋开发发展目标及其关键技术，以此为主线，全面介绍了海洋油气、海洋动力资源，以及海底矿产资源开发的设备、技术和原理。
       深海机电技术具有综合性，它涉及机械、电子、控制、声学、光、材料与结构等，是多学科交叉的高新技术领域，因此本书力求突出各学科与海洋开发相关的重点基础知识，并结合海洋开发加以运用和讲解。海洋开发包罗万象，新的热点层出不穷，本书力求通过介绍、分析相关领域典型的系统，让读者综合运用基础与专业知识，结合深海开发的需求，逐步培养分析与解决问题的能力和创新能力。

With the revolutionary development of human industry, on the one hand, it has effectively promoted the progress of science and technology, and the process of industrialization and urbanization has led to the rise of construction industry; on the other hand, it has directly led to a series of problems endangering the survival and safety of all mankind, such as resource depletion, environmental deterioration, ozone hole greenhouse effect, dust storm El Nino phenomenon, population expansion and so on. It is in this world background that green building emerges as the times require, and gradually forms a new concept and new consciousness with wide influence. Green building not only focuses on the relationship between buildings and people, but also on the relationship between resource consumption and resource efficiency. Its goal principle is to establish a harmonious, safe and healthy symbiotic relationship between human and nature, so as to minimize the consumption of earth resources, optimize the efficient use of resources, and maximize the satisfaction of human livable and comfortable survival needs.
       China is a country with vast territory, large population, deteriorating environment, lack of resources and unreasonable distribution. The differences of natural, economic and social conditions are prominent. The development of green building has a special scientific status and social, economic and environmental significance. Therefore, the establishment of green building professional consciousness, the improvement of green building technical ability and the improvement of green building service level should become the necessary professional basis and conditions for the majority of architects, planners, civil engineers, equipment engineers, environmental engineers and other related technical personnel to practice in today's society and in the future.
       Green building and green construction technology, is an important part of the sustainable development of the construction industry, but also the construction industry itself must achieve the basic requirements of saving resources and energy and protecting the ecological environment. Based on this, we organized the compilation of this textbook, hoping to meet the needs of managers and professional technicians in the field of engineering construction to learn green building and green construction technology.

前 言

随着人类工业革命性发展，一方面有力地推动了科学技术进步，工业化城市化进程导致建筑工业的崛起；另一方面也直接导致了危及全人类生存安全、存续健康发展的一系列问题，诸如资源枯竭、环境恶化、臭氧空洞温室效应、沙尘暴厄尔尼诺现象、人口膨胀等。正是在这样的世界背景下，绿色建筑应运而生，并逐步形成了具有广泛影响的新概念、新意识。绿色建筑不仅关注建筑与人的关系，同时关注资源消耗与资源使用效率的关系。其目标原则是建立人与自然之间和谐、安全、健康的共生关系，以最小消耗地球资源、最优高效使用资源、最大限度地满足人类宜居和舒适生存需求。
        我国地域辽阔、人口众多、环境恶化、资源匮乏且分布不合理，自然、经济与社会条件差异性突出，发展绿色建筑具有特殊的科学地位和社会、经济、环境意义。因此，建立绿色建筑职业意识，完善绿色建筑技术能力，提高绿色建筑服务水平，理应成为广大建筑师、规划师、土木工程师、设备工程师、环境工程师等相关技术人员，面对当今社会与未来社会执业的必备职业基础和条件。
        绿色建筑和绿色施工技术，是建筑业可持续发展的重要组成部分，也是建筑业本身必须做到节约资源能源和保护生态环境的基本要求。正是立足于此，我们组织编写了本教材，期望满足工程建设领域管理人员和专业技术人员学习绿色建筑和绿色施工技术的需求。

With the continuous development of our country’s economy and society and the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, the requirements for the quality of medical services are also getting higher and higher. With the development and application of information technology, biotechnology and other high-tech, new clinical concepts and new technologies continue to emerge. The professional differentiation and intersection of related disciplines are more obvious. People have a deeper understanding of disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, outcome, and rehabilitation. Exploring the laws of disease prevention, diagnosis, treatment, outcome, and rehabilitation is a challenge to the majority of medical staff, and it is also a new development opportunity.
        The book is divided into seven chapters, respectively introducing respiratory system diseases, circulatory system diseases, digestive system diseases, urinary system diseases, nervous system diseases, rheumatic immune system diseases and other diseases, as well as the diagnosis and treatment techniques of common diseases in these major systems. This book has the characteristics of conciseness, practicality, novelty, etc. It is of guiding significance for the diagnosis and treatment of common clinical internal diseases. It is suitable for all levels of internal medicine clinicians, medical postgraduates and interns in China. It can also be used as a teaching reference book for medical colleges and universities.

前 言

随着我国经济社会的不断发展，人民生活水平的不断提高，对医疗服务的质量提出了愈来愈高的要求。现代临床医疗工作随着信息技术、生物技术和其他高新技术的发展和应用，临床新理念和新技术不断涌现，各相关学科的专业分化和交叉更加明显，对疾病的预防、诊断、治疗、转归、康复的认识更加深入。探求疾病预防、诊断、治疗、转归、康复的规律，是对广大医务人员的挑战，更是新的发展机遇。
        本书共分七章，分别介绍了呼吸系统疾病、循环系统疾病、消化系统疾病、泌尿系统疾病、神经系统疾病、风湿免疫系统疾病等其他疾病，这几大系统常见疾病的诊断与治疗技术。本书具有简明、实用、内容新颖等特点，对临床常见内科疾病的诊断和治疗具有指导意义，适合我国各级内科临床医生、医学研究生、实习医生阅读参考，亦可作为医学院校教学参考用书。

With the rapid development of China’s national economy and the acceleration of urbanization and motorization, the traffic demand is growing rapidly, and the traffic problems are becoming more and more serious, mainly in road traffic congestion, traffic disorder, traffic accidents, serious environmental pollution caused by traffic and many other aspects. At present, the traffic problem has become a restricting factor for the social and economic development and the improvement of people’s living standards, and people pay more and more attention to the traffic problem.
          This book summarizes and absorbs the latest research results and practical experience of transportation system planning, design and management at home and abroad in recent years. Considering the comprehensive, systematic, cross cutting and dynamic characteristics of traffic engineering, the book focuses on the elaboration of basic concepts, basic theories and basic methods of traffic engineering, and briefly introduces the latest developments of traffic engineering research at home and abroad. The main features of this book include:
          1. Basic: this book focuses on the elaboration of basic concepts, basic theories and basic methods of traffic engineering.
      2. Innovation: this book includes not only professional basic knowledge, but also more advanced construction and management experience.
         Traffic engineering is an important guarantee to meet people's travel needs and realize communication and trade between various regions and cities, so its construction quality directly affects the happiness index of national life and economic development. As the basic engineering of highway engineering, traffic engineering construction and publication determine the stability and bearing capacity of highway, and its significance is beyond doubt. Therefore, this paper analyzes the basic concepts, construction and management methods of traffic engineering construction for reference.

前 言

随着我国国民经济的高速发展及城镇化、机动化进展的加快，交通需求迅速增长，交通问题日趋严重，主要表现在道路交通拥挤、交通秩序混乱、交通事故增多、交通引起的环境污染严重等诸多方面。目前，交通问题已成为社会经济发展、人民生活水平提高的一个制约因素，交通问题已越来越受到人们的重视。
        本书总结与吸收了国内外近年来交通系统规划、设计与管理的最新研究成果和实践经验。考虑到交通工程学科综合性、系统性、交叉性、动态性的特点，书中注重交通工程基本概念、基本理论及基本方法的阐述，并概要介绍国内外交通工程研究的最新动态。本书主要特色包括：
       1.基础性：本书注重交通工程基本概念，基本理论及基本方法的阐述。
       2.创新性：本书既包括专业基础知识点， 也包括现有的较为先进的施工与管理经验。
        交通工程是满足人民出行需求，实现各个地区与城市之间沟通与贸易往来的重要保障，所以其建设质量直接影响国民生活幸福指数以及经济发展，而交通工程施工作为公路工程的基础性工程，决定着公路的稳定性和承载能力，其重要意义毋庸置疑，所以本文针对交通工程建设中的基本概念、施工及其管理方法进行分析，以供参考。