With the continuous improvement of China’s economic level and the continuousprogress of farmland water conservancy project, the construction and management of farmland water conservancy project has been paid more and more attention. The construction of farmland water conservancy project is the most basic condition for agricultural development. This book mainly focuses on how to strengthen scientific management in the process of farmland water conservancy construction, improve the farmland water conservancy construction system and management and maintenance measures, and make greater contributions to socialist modern agricultural production. Starting with the related issues of farmland water conservancy and project management, this book analyzes and expounds the aspects of farmland water conservancy and project management.

前 言

随着我国经济水平的不断提升和农田水利工程的持续进步，农田水利工程建设管理得到了越来越广泛的关注。农田水利工程建设是农业发展的最基础的条件，如何在农田水利施工过程中加强科学化管理，健全农田水利建设体系和完善管理和维护措施，为社会主义现代化农业生产做出更大贡献，是本书重点讨论的问题。本书从阐述农田水利与工程管理相关问题入手，对农田水利与工程管理等方面进行了分析和阐述。

Since the reform and opening up, with the advancement of industrialization and urbanization, the rapid economic and social development has brought dual effects on rural water resources. On the one hand, traditional industrial and agricultural production methods as well as urban and rural lifestyles cause serious pollution to rural water resources. On the other hand, the economic development and the improvement of people's living standards have put forward higher requirements on the quantity and quality of water resources and the safety and quality of agricultural products. In recent years, such conflict has become increasingly prominent, and has become an urgent problem for governments at all levels and a hot spot of social concern. To solve this problem, we are not only dealing with three agricultural problems, but also dealing with the major livelihood issues related to the health and safety of people's drinking water and food, and an important issue related to the construction of a harmonious society.
  According to the statistics from the World Health Organization (WHO), 80% of global diseases are related to direct drinking of unclean drinking water; as of the end of 2004, 1.1 billion people worldwide still lack access to safe drinking water and 2.6 billion lack basic sanitation. From the year of 2000, the European Union has issued multiple comprehensive reports on drinking water quality through sampling and analysis of drinking water sources in its member states, summarizing the improvement of drinking water quality in Europe. The United States Congress passed the Safe Drinking Water Act in 1974 and revised it twice in 1986 and 1996, authorizing the United States Environmental Protection Agency to establish national drinking water standards to ensure human health, and prevent natural and man-made pollution in drinking water. At the same time, the US Environmental Protection Agency, each state, and water supply systems are required to cooperate and work together to ensure that drinking water meets national standards. Our country also attaches great importance to drinking water safety. During the “Tenth Five-Year Plan” period, we have formulated and implemented plans like “Relieve Rural Drinking Water Difficulties” and “Rural Drinking Water Safety Emergency Plan”, which solved the drinking water problem for more than 56 million rural residents and rural drinking water safety problem for more than 11 million residents. This is really a big achievement.

前 言

改革开放以来，随着工业化、城镇化的推进，经济和社会的快速发展对农村水资源产生了双重的影响：一方面是传统的工农业生产方式和城乡生活方式，对农村水资源产生严重的污染， 另一方面是经济发展和人民生活水平提高对水资源的数量、质量和农产品安全品质都提出了更高的要求。近几年来，这一矛盾日益突出，并已成为各级政府迫切需要解决的难题和社会关注的热点。破解这一难题，不仅是解决三农问题的需要，而且是关系到人们的饮水、食品等健康和安全的重大民生问题，是关系到和谐社会建设的重要问题。
      据世界卫生组织（WHO）统计，全球 80%的疾病与直接饮用不清洁饮用水有关；截至 2004 年底，全球范围内仍有 11 亿人口得不到安全饮水， 26 亿人缺乏基本的卫生条件。从 2000 年开始，欧盟通过对其各成员国饮用水水源地进行取样分析，发布了多期饮水水质综合报告，综述了欧洲饮水水质改善的水平。美国国会 1974年通过了安全饮用水法，并于 1986 年和 1996 年先后两次进行修订，授权美国环保署建立基于保证人体健康的国家饮用水标准，以防止饮用水中自然和人为的污染，同时要求美国环保署、各州和供水系统互相协作、共同努力，以确保饮用水符合国家标准。 我国对饮水安全也高度重视， “十五” 期间制定并实施了“农村饮水解困” 、“农村饮水安全应急规划”等计划，解决了 5600 多万农村人口的饮水问题及 1100多万人的农村饮水安全问题，取得了较大的成效。

Can we imagine that there is no beauty in human life? For example, the house only needs to keep off the wind and rain, the clothes only need to be warm and durable, and the utensils only need to be practical and durable. Maybe people can endure such a life for a short time under special conditions, but in the long run, the human heart will be exhausted, they will no longer have the motivation to pursue ideals, and human society will collapse. This kind of human life is incredible. Especially in 21st century, almost everywhere in our life is permeated with the factors of beauty and art: street greening, lighting layout, decoration and music of shopping malls and shopping centers, commodity design and packaging, overwhelming advertising, as well as fitness, tourism, plastic surgery are all related to beauty.
  Modern Chinese uses “perfect” and “happy” to refer to the ideal state that people desire, which uniquely shows that beauty is the constituent element of the highest value. From the word “beautiful”, we can deeply appreciate the meanings of such words as “Virtue”, “good name”, “good tale” and “good wish”, and then we can understand the motivation, way and result of human society’s praising behavior. We need not only “good”, which is ethically beneficial to others and society, but also “beauty”. Therefore, from the perspective of today’s civilized society, beauty is not only a kind of sensory enjoyment, but also a kind of spiritual enlightenment and life realm.

前 言

我们能够设想人类的生活中没有美一例如房子只要挡风遮雨、衣服只要保暖耐穿、器物只要实用坚固等这样的生活吗？也许，人在特殊的条件下可以短时间忍受这样的生活，但从长久来看，这样的人类生活是不可思议的。因为人类的心灵将因此而枯竭，不再有追求理想的动力，人类社会将由此陷于瘫痪。特别是在 21 世纪的今天，我们的生活中几乎无处不渗透着美、艺术的因素：街道绿化、灯光布置，商场和购物中心的装饰和音乐，商品设计及其包装、铺天盖地的广告，以及健美、旅游、整容，无不与美观、漂亮有关。

现代汉语以“完美”“美满”来指称人所希求的理想状态，颇为独特地说明了美是最高价值的构成要素。我们从“美好”一词去深入体味诸如“美德”“美名”“美谈”“美意”等词语的含义，便会理解人类社会褒扬的行为动机和行为方式以及行为结果，不只是需要“好”一伦理上有益于他人、社会的“善”，而且还需要“美”。因此，从今天文明社会来看，美不仅仅是人的一种感官享受，同时也是一种精神启迪和生活境界。

Construction engineering is a complex and comprehensive project. In the construction process of construction engineering, it should fully rely on the fine construction management, fully implement the concept of green construction management, fully improve the overall effect of construction management and fully promote the comprehensive and rapid development of construction industry. In the construction of construction engineering, actively implementing the green management concept and innovating the green management methods can not only guarantee the construction project high quality construction and construction benefits, but also optimize its ecological and environmental benefits.
  Green construction management can be defined as the construction management technology to minimize adverse impact of construction management activities on the environment, reduce the consumption of resources and energy and achieve sustainable development through effective management system and work system. Green construction application is the application of the thought of sustainable development in engineering construction management. It is the comprehensive application of green construction management technology. Green construction technology is not a new technology fully independent from the traditional construction management technology. It is a re-examination of traditional construction technology from a sustainable perspective; it is a construction management technology that follows the strategy of sustainable development.
  In the practice of construction engineering, the continuous increase of building energy consumption greatly affects the sustainable and rapid development of the construction industry. In order to improve the development quality and ecological environmental benefits of construction industry, we should actively and comprehensively implement the concept of green construction management, adopt scientific and efficient green construction methods and countermeasures and better improve the overall level of green construction management.

前 言

建筑工程是系统复杂的综合性工程，在建筑工程的建设过程中，应该充分全面依托于精细化的施工管理，全面贯彻落实绿色施工管理的理念，全方位提升建筑施工管理的整体成效，全方位推动建筑行业的全面快速发展。在建筑工程建设中，积极践行绿色管理理念，全面创新绿色管理方法，不仅能够整体保障建筑工程的施工质量，充分保障它的建设效益，还能够更好的优化它的生态环保效益。
       绿色施工管理可以定义为通过切实有效的管理制度和工作制度，最大程度地减少施工管理活动对环境的不利影响，减少资源与能源的消耗，实现可持续发展的施工管理技术。绿色施工管理是可持续发展思想在工程施工管理中的应用体现，是绿色施工管理技术的综合应用。绿色施工管理技术并不是独立于传统施工管理技术的全新技术，而是用“可持续”的眼光对传统施工管理技术的重新审视，是符合可持续发展战略的施工管理技术。
      在建筑工程开展实践中，建筑能耗的不断增加，在很大程度上影响着建筑行业的持续快速发展。为全方位提升建筑行业的发展质量以及生态环保效益，应该积极全面践行绿色施工管理理念，科学高效的采用绿色施工管理方法和对策，更好的提升绿色施工管理的整体水平。

The World Health Organization (WHO) interprets the new concept of health for the world, and has established a standard for measuring the quality of life and human health, and oral health is listed here. Oral health is one of the important signs of human modern civilization. In the society with reform and opening up policy, communications and contacts among people have become more frequent. As a part of people’s appearance, teeth have their own unique charm. White teeth, fresh breath and brilliant smiles have objectively become one of the important factors affecting people’s choices of careers, spouse and job.
  Modern medical research has proved that oral diseases may cause chronic enteritis, intestinal tuberculosis and other gastrointestinal and digestive diseases, as well as many systemic diseases such as diabetes, canker, headache, sepsis, arthritis, rheumatic heart disease, myocarditis, endocarditis, bronchitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia, chronic nephritis, Alzheimer's disease and cancer.
  It should be especially reminded that the oral disease status of white-collar workers aged 26 to 35 is significantly higher than that of white-collar workers in other age groups. Besides, oral cancer, the deadly killer of oral diseases, is also showing a younger trend year by year. Oral diseases can cause toothache, decreased chewing function, poor development, affect facial appearance, and affect people's social communication and psychological behavior. And what's worse, the germs of oral diseases can also cause systemic diseases and become the chief offender for many system diseases, seriously affecting the quality of human life.
  Life needs conservation. Since oral health is related to the quality of life, the conservation of life must start with oral health. In this sense, it can be said that investing in oral health is to appreciate and respect life.

前 言

世界卫生组织（WHO）为全球诠释了健康新概念，并树立了衡量生命质量及人体健康的标准，口腔健康被列入其中。口腔健康，是人类现代文明的重要标志之一。在改革开放的社会里，人们之间的交流和接触更趋频繁，作为人的外表形象的一部分，牙齿有着其独特的魅力，洁白的牙齿、清新的口气和灿烂的笑容，客观上已成为人们职业选择、配偶选择和工作选择的重要影响因素之一。
       现代医学研究证明， 口腔疾病可引起慢性肠炎、 肠结核炎等胃肠消化系统疾病，以及糖尿病、溃疡病、头痛、败血症、关节炎、风湿性心脏病、心肌炎、心内膜炎、支气管炎、咽喉炎、扁桃体炎、肺炎、慢性肾炎、老年痴呆症和癌症等全身疾病。尤须提醒的是，年龄在 26~35 岁的白领口腔疾病状况，明显高于其他年龄段的白领群体。不仅如此，口腔疾病中的致命杀手口腔癌，也逐年呈年轻化趋势。口腔疾病
不仅引起牙疼、咀嚼功能下降、发育不良、影响面部美观、对人的社会交流和心理行为产生影响，更可怕的是，口腔疾病的病菌还会引发全身性系统疾病，成为许多系统疾病的罪魁祸首，严重影响人的生命质量。
       生命需要养护，因为口腔健康关乎生命质量，所以，养护生命必须从口腔保健做起。从这个意义上可以说，重视口腔健康的投资，就是对生命的敬畏与尊重。