Modern power engineering is closely related to each of us and affects all aspects of our lives. Automation control is also the dividend of the development of science and technology for the development of modern industry, especially for power engineering. The electric automation control technology can avoid the blind area or error in the traditional human control process, realize the time monitoring of the power engineering, ensure the safe and effective operation of the power engineering, reduce the work intensity of the staff, and also effectively improve the equipment operation efficiency.
    This paper explores power engineering and electrical automation control technology from multiple perspectives, including the system overview of power engineering; the working principle of electrical equipment, including high-voltage switchgear, high-voltage fuse, mutual inductor, electrical main wiring, etc. It expresses the contents of the rules and regulations of the electric power construction project; analyzes the supervision work related to the electric power construction project, including the quality evaluation method of the electric power construction project, the resume of the electric power equipment, the design supervision, etc. It explores the application of the new technologies and methods in the process of the electric power construction; lists the related concepts of the electric
automation technology; explores the starting point of electrical engineering and automation technology; and researches and prospects the intelligent technology in electrical automation engineering.

前 言

现代电力工程是与我们每个人都息息相关的、影响到我们生活方方面面的工程技术，而自动化控制同样也是科技发展对于现代行业发展所产生的红利，尤其是对电力工程，通过电气自动化控制技术能够避免传统人为控制过程中所存在的盲区或者误差，实现对于电力工程的时刻监控，确保电力工程的安全有效运行实施，降低工作人员工作强度的同时还可有效提升设备运行效率。
     本文从多个角度对于电力工程与电气自动化控制技术进行探究，包含对于电力工程的系统概述；对于电器设备工作原理进行探究，包含高压开关电器、高压熔断器、互感器，电气主接线等内容；对电力建设工程规程规范内容进行表达；对于电力建设工程的相关监理工作进行分析，包含对于电力建设工程质量评价方式、电力设备监理、设计监理等内容；对电力建设施工过程中所产生的新技术、新方法进行应用进行探究；对电气自动化技术的相关概念进行表达，探究电气工程与自动化技术的切入点；对电气自动化工程中的智能化技术进行研究与展望。

Why do we develop prefabricated buildings in China? Although the existing traditional technology in China has made great contribution to the rapid development of urban and rural construction, its disadvantages are also very prominent: the first is extensive type, with serious waste of steel and cement; the second is excessive water consumption; the third is dirty, disorderly and poor construction site, which is often an important pollution source of urban inhalable particles; the fourth is serious common quality problems, cracking and leakage; the fifth is soaring labor cost, difficult recruitment management and quality control (this is the most essential one). This shows that the traditional technology has to be changed. In addition to the requirements of energy conservation and emission reduction, we must accelerate the transformation and vigorously develop prefabricated buildings.
   This book summarizes the experience of domestic prefabricated building construction and other aspects, which is clear-cut, easy to understand, and convenient for readers to quickly understand the relevant knowledge of prefabricated building. In the process of writing this book, we have referred to a large number of literature, as well as a large number of domestic and foreign enterprises’ achievement experience and classic cases. We are thankful for relevant enterprises in the book for their great help and support. Prefabricated technology is not a one-to-one technology, nor a closed and conservative technology. Only when all enterprises in the whole society work hard and strive for it and break the barriers of experience technology, can this cause of benefiting mankind be developed.
    Due to the limited level of editors, there will inevitably be omissions and deficiencies in the book. Readers are sincerely welcome to criticize and correct them.

前 言

我国为什么要发展装配式建筑？我国现有的传统技术虽然对城乡建设快速发展贡献很大，但弊端也十分突出：一是粗放式，钢材、水泥浪费严重；二是用水量过大；三是工地脏、乱、差，往往是城市可吸入颗粒物的重要污染源；四是质量通病严重，开裂渗漏问题突出；五是劳动力成本飙升，招工难管理难、质量控制难（这一条恰恰是最本质的）。这表明传统技术已非改不可，加上节能减排的要求，必须加快转型，大力发展装配式建筑。
  本书总结了国内装配式建筑施工等方面的经验，层次分明，通俗易懂，便于读者快速了解装配式建筑的相关知识。本书的编写过程中，参考了大量的文献资料，也参考了大量的国内外企业的成果经验与经典案例，感谢书中相关企业的大力帮助与鼎力支持。装配式技术并非一家一门的技术，也不是封闭和保守的技术，只有全社会各家各企业共同为之努力和奋斗，打破经验技术的壁垒，才能将这项造福人类的事业发展起来。
  由于编者的水平有限，书中难免会有疏漏， 不足之处，恳请广大读者批评指正。

Machinery manufacturing industry is one of the most important sectors of the national economy. It can not only directly provide consumer goods for people’s life, but also provide technical equipment for all sectors of the national economy. It is an important foundation and pillar industry of national economy. Its development scale and level have a great restriction and direct influence on the development of national economy, and it is an important sign of a country’s economic strength and the level of scientific and technological development. Therefore, all countries in the world regard the development of machinery manufacturing industry as one of the strategic priorities for the revitalization and development of national economy. 

The development and progress of machinery manufacturing industry, to a large extent, depends on the level and development of machinery manufacturing technology. Today, with the high development of science and technology, modern industry puts forward higher and higher requirements for machinery manufacturing technology, which promotes the continuous development of machinery manufacturing technology. At the same time, the development of cience and technology also provides opportunities and conditions for the development of machinery manufacturing technology. In particular, the development of computer technology makes it easier to combine conventional mechanical manufacturing technology with precision detection technology, numerical control technology, sensor technology, etc. It brings many new technologies and concepts to the field of mechanical manufacturing, and greatly improves product quality and production efficiency. The development of mechanical manufacturing technology has laid a solid foundation for the development of other high-tech and provided a reliable guarantee. Both of them promote each other and improve together, making a great contribution to the rapid development of society and economy. 

In the process of compiling this book, we have read a large number of domestic and foreign textbooks, treatises and other documents. Due to the limited space, we will not list them one by one. We sincerely thank these authors of these documents. At the same time, due to the limited level and ability of editors, there are inevitably mistakes and omissions in the book. We sincerely hope that experts, scholars and readers can criticize and correct them, so as to further improve them in the future.

前 言

机械制造工业是国民经济最重要的部门之一，它不仅能直接提供人民生活所需的消费品，而且为国民经济各部门提供技术装备，是国民经济的重要基础和支柱产业，其发展规模和水平对国民经济的发展有很大的制约和直接的影响，是一个国家经济实力和科学技术发展水平的重要标志，因而世界各国均把发展机械制造工业作为振兴和发展国民经济的战略重点之一。

机械制造工业的发展和进步，在很大程度上取决于机械制造技术的水平和发展。 在科学技术高度发展的今天， 现代工业对机械制造技术提出了越来越高的要求，推动着机械制造技术向前不断发展，同时科学技术的发展也为机械制造技术的发展提供了机遇和条件。特别是计算机技术的发展，使得常规机械制造技术与精密检测技术、数控技术、传感技术等有机结合更易于进行，给机械制造领域带来许多新技术、新概念，使产品质量和生产效率大大提高。而机械制造技术的发展又为其他高新技术的发展打下了坚实的基础，提供了可靠的保证，两者互相促进，共同提高，为社会和经济的快速发展做出了极大的贡献。

在本书的编写过程中，我们参阅了大量国内外教材和论著等文献资料，由于篇幅有限，恕不一一列出，在此对这些文献的作者一并表示诚挚的谢意。同时，由于编者水平和能力有限，书中难免存在错误与遗漏，我们诚恳地希望各位专家、学者和读者批评指正，以便今后进一步完善。

The rapid development of economy and science and technology has a great impact on all walks of life at this stage, especially with the continuous improvement of people’s living standards and the rising awareness of environmental protection. Environmental protection and the promotion of the harmonious development of human and nature have become a common cognition of people. The environmental awareness of a country and a nation is an important sign to measure the social development and progress and the level of national civilization. Environmental protection has long been listed as one of China’s“basic national policies”. Strengthening environmental education is the basic project to improve the environmental awareness of the whole nation and realize the basic national policy of environmental protection.

The first chapter of this paper explains related concepts of environment, such as the constitution and problems of environment; the second chapter mainly studies the common environmental problems in the world at present, including climate change, ozone destruction, acid rain, biodiversity reduction, land desertification, forest vegetation destruction, freshwater resource crisis and so on. It also explains the impact on environmental pollution, especially the harm to human health; the fourth to eighth chapters mainly look for effective countermeasures for the common environmental pollution problems in the world, such as air pollution control measures, water pollution control measures, soil pollution control measures, acoustic pollution control measures. Next, the related concepts of environmental management are expressed and appropriate measures for monitoring and evaluating the environment are found.

前 言

经济与科技的飞速发展对现阶段的各行各业都产生了极大的影响，尤其体现在随着人们生活水平的不断提升，环境保护意识逐渐抬头，环保与促进人与自然的和谐发展已经成为人们的普遍认知， 一个国家、一个民族的环境意识是衡量社会发展进步和民族文明程度的重要标志。环境保护，早已被列为我国的一项基本国策，而加强环境教育，则是提高全民族的环境意识，实现环境保护这一基本国策的基础工程。

本文第一章对环境的相关概念进行了阐释，例如环境的构成、问题等；第二章主要对现阶段世界范围内所面临的共同环境问题进行了系统的研究， 包含气候变化、臭氧破坏、酸雨、生物多样性的减少、土地荒漠化、森林植被破坏、淡水资源危机等内容；对环境污染所造成的影响，尤其是对于人体健康的危害进行了阐释；第四至第八章主要对世界范围内所共同面临的环境污染问题寻找其有效对策，例如寻找大气污染的治理措施、水体污染的治理措施、土壤污染的治理措施、噪声污染的治理措施，接下来对于环境管理的相关概念进行了表达以及寻找合适的监测环境与评价环境的措施。

The progress of science and technology and the rapid development of global economy have greatly improved the quality of life of human society, but also brought a  series of threats to human survival, such as environmental pollution and ecological deterioration, which has attracted the world’s attention in fields of environment, ecology and sustainable development. It has become a consensus of human society to protect the global environment and implement sustainable development. As a developing country with the largest population, to solve environmental problems is not only in line with China’s own long-term goal of sustainable development, but also an important embodiment of common interests of human society.

Using the concept of aesthetic description as an art level to explain the environmentalart problem is because aesthetic description itself, as an art research method, has a wide range and influence in the research of art evaluation. As the living space of human beings,environment is closely related to human life. The ultimate purpose of the formation and existence of environmental art is to provide a harmonious and beautiful living space and activity place for human beings. Therefore, the creation of modern environmental art must change the former focus on the carving of the entity, that is, to focus on the treatment of the external environment, and should take aesthetic care as the focus of environmental art creation, and turn the aesthetic focus of environmental art from the aesthetic object to the integration of the aesthetic subject and object. Excellent environmental art is the art of experience. It is the perceptual grasp of the life value and meaning of the work given by the people as the main body. Emotional life and meaning are the core of environmental art.

The occurrence of environmental art aesthetics can be divided into three stages according to the description of the aesthetic process: first, the feeling of many complex landscape phenomena such as environmental material characteristics, such as elements, order and time, etc., and the perception image with pleasure generated by the superposition of various feelings; second, the aesthetic image of environmental art is formed when the perception image is consistent with the original emotional state; and finally, the value judgment of aesthetic result, which can be correctly understood and expressed through the synthesis of subject evaluation and object evaluation.

前 言

科学技术的进步和全球经济的迅猛发展，在极大地改善了人类社会生活质量的同时，也带来了环境污染和生态恶化等一系列威胁人类生存的问题，从而引起了世界各国对环境、生态、可持续发展等领域的广泛关注。保护全球环境，实施可持续发展，已成为人类社会的共识。作为人口最多的发展中国家，解决好环境问题，既符合中国自身可持续发展的长远目标，也是人类社会共同利益的重要体现。

用审美描述这样一个艺术层面的概念来阐述环境艺术问题，是因为审美描述本身作为一种艺术研究方法，在艺术评价的研究中具有广泛性和影响力。环境作为人类生存的空间，与人的生活息息相关，环境艺术的形成和存在的最终目的是为人类提供和谐美好的生存空间和活动场所。因此，现代环境艺术创造必须改变以往只注重实体的雕琢，即把注意力全部集中在外部环境的处理上，而应把审美关怀作为环境艺术创造的重点， 将环境艺术的审美重心由审美客体转向审美主客体的融会统一。优秀的环境艺术是体验的艺术，是作为主体的人将强烈的感情色彩赋予作品生命价值与意义的感性把握，情感生命、意义是环境艺术关注的核心。

环境艺术审美的发生依据审美过程的描述可分为三个阶段：首先是对环境物质特征，如要素、秩序时间等许多复杂景观现象的感觉，多种感觉叠加生成具有愉悦性的知觉象；其次是当知觉表象与原有的情感状态相符时形成环境艺术的审美意象；最后是审美结果的价值判断，这要通过主体评价和客体评价的综合才能被正确地认识和表达出来。