The latest national construction industry standard, “Professional Standard for Construction and Municipal Engineering Construction Site Professionals”, provides a basis for the scientific and reasonable standardization of post work standards and requirements of professional technical managers in the engineering construction industry. It plays a great role in improving the engineering management and technical level of professional technical management personnel, constantly improving the construction project management level and system construction, strengthening scientific construction and engineering management, and ensuring the project quality and safety production.
    With the continuous development of construction industry and the rapid development of construction technology, requirements for construction engineering technical management personnel are constantly changing and improving. In order to better implement and implement the national and industrial standards for the post work and quality requirements of engineering technicians, promote the engineering application of construction technology, improve the modern management level of engineering construction, we have organized and compiled this book. The purpose is to provide comprehensive and systematic technical knowledge for the engineering professional and technical personnel and to solve the needs of the actual construction work on site.
     Due to the short time and limited ability, there are some mistakes and imperfections in this book. Readers are welcome to criticize and correct them so as to make truly become an essential assistant for engineering and technical personnel through constant revision and improvement.

前 言

国家最新颁布实施的建设行业标准《建筑与市政工程施工现场专业人员职业标准》，为科学、合理地规范工程建设行业专业技术管理人员的岗位工作标准及要求提供了依据，对全面提高专业技术管理人员的工程管理和技术水平、不断完善建设工程项目管理水平及体系建设，加强科学施工与工程管理，确保工程质量和安全生产将起到很大的促进作用。
  随着建设事业的不断发展、建设科技的日新月异，对于建设工程技术管理人员的要求也不断变化和提高，为更好地贯彻和落实国家及行业标准对于工程技术人员岗位工作及素质要求，促进建设科技的工程应用，完善和提高工程建设现代化管理水平，我们组织编写了这本书，旨在为工程专业技术人员岗位工作提供全面、系统的技术知识与解决现场施工实际工作中的需要。
  本书主要内容包括市政工程施工员岗位基本要求，市政工程施工现场基础知识，市政道路工程施工现场管理，市政桥梁工程施工现场管理，市政排水工程施工现场管理等，内容丰富、实用，技术先进，是市政工程施工员施工现场工作的必备技术手册，也适合作为市政工程施工员岗前、岗中培训与学习教材使用。
  由于时间仓促和能力有限，本书难免有谬误之处和不完善的地方，敬请读者批评指正，以期通过不断地修订与完善，使本书能真正成为工程技术人员岗位工作的必备助手。

Ultrasound medicine refers to a non-invasive examination that uses the characteristics of ultrasound and the different principles of human tissue reflection on ultrasound to form images to diagnose the morphological structure, physical characteristics, functional status and pathological status of human tissue.
     Ultrasound medical diagnosis is widely used in clinical applications, with simple operation, convenient use, cost-effective, high accuracy, good localization, and high diagnosis rate of patients’ complications. Therefore, its clinical application is more extensive, providing the valuable reference information, and it can make a treatment plan in time and improve the success rate of first aid, especially in the diagnosis of some abdominal trauma and acute abdomen.It has a great effect on the development of the emergency medical system, which is recommended to provide this kind of diagnostic method for emergency patients in the clinic to improve the diagnosis accuracy of patients and improve treatment effect.
      Combined with the current social development status, this book introduces the related theories and knowledge of ultrasound medicine in many aspects, focusing on the current imaging research. The contents of the book are comprehensive, systematic and practical. It is s also suitable for teachers and students of medical imaging major in colleges and universities, and engineering and technical personnel engaged in ultrasound instrument sales, application training and hospital equipment management to learn and refer to.

前 言

超声医学是指应用超声波的特性和人体组织对超声反射不同的原理形成图像，来诊断人体组织的形态结构、物理特征和功能状态及病理状态的一种非创伤性检查。
  超声医学诊断临床应用广泛，其操作简单，使用便捷，性价比高，准确率高，定位性好，对患者的并发症也有较高的诊出率， 因此临床应用比较广泛，为临床诊断提供了有价值的参考信息，可以及时的制定治疗方案， 提高急救成功率。尤其是在一些腹部创伤和急腹症的诊断中效果突出，对于急救医疗体系的发展提供了较大的帮助，建议在临床中为急诊患者提供该种诊断方式， 提升患者的诊断准确率， 提升治疗效果。
  本书结合当前社会发展现状，从多个方面详细介绍了超声医学相关理论与知识，其中重点包含目前影像研究相关内容等。书中内容全面、系统、实用，亦适合大专院校医学影专业的师生，从事超声仪器销售、应用培训及医院设备管理的工程技术人员学习、参考。

In the 21st century, the world’s construction market is mainly in China, which is attracting worldwide attention. For this reason, many people of insight are optimistic about this opportunity, actively cultivate construction technology talents, and learn architectural design and construction technology.
    With the development of society, the construction industry and construction technology are developing rapidly, and the degree of building electrification and automation is getting higher and higher. The state has formulated and revised a number of new design standards and electrical construction specifications. Domestic and foreign new
electrical technology and new products and equipment are constantly used in practical projects, so it is urgent to have a comprehensive introduction to the design of building power supply, construction and installation, quality management, teaching reference and other aspects of the book.
    In order to meet the needs of the majority of construction engineering technical design and construction personnel, as well as the needs of the in-service construction engineering design, teaching and construction personnel, the author has compiled the comprehensive reference book, Research on electrical energy saving of building engineering. This book adopts the latest electrical graphic symbols and text marking specifications consistent with IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission), so as to connect with international standards.
  This book can be used as a comprehensive reference book for courses such as “building power supply design”, “building electrical construction” and “electrical engineering quality management”.
    This book is characterized by concise writing, illustrations and texts, and combination of theory and practice. So it is also suitable for self-study.

前 言

 在 21 世纪，全世界的建筑市场主要在我国，这是举世瞩目的。为此，许多有识之士看好这一机遇，积极培养建筑技术人才，学习建筑设计与施工技术。
    随着社会的进步，建筑工业和建筑技术正在迅速发展，建筑电气化、自动化程度越来越高，国家制定和修订了一批新的设计标准和电气施工规范。国内外的建筑电气新技术新产品和设备不断地应用于实际工程之中，因此迫切需要一本全面介绍建筑供电设计、施工安装、质量管理以及教学参考等方面的书籍。
    为了满足广大建筑工程技术设计和施工人员的需要及在职建筑工程设计、教学、施工人员的需要，作者编写了《建筑工程电气节能研究》这本综合性参考书。本书采用了与 IEC（国际电工委员会）一致的最新的电气图形符号及文字标注规范，以便和国际标准接轨。
   本书可以作为“建筑供电设计”“建筑电气施工”及“电气工程质量管理”等课程的综合参考书。也可以作为在岗的工程技术人员的工具书使用。
   本书的特点是文字简炼、图文并茂、深入浅出、理论联系实际。所以也适合于自学参阅。

Water resources development is an important project of economic construction and people’s livelihood improvement in China. In recent years, the development and utilization of water resources in China have caused damage to the natural environment in some areas. At present, these problems have attracted the attention of the environmental protection department in China, and the environmental protection in the process of water resources development has  been taken as the focus of environmental protection work.
    This book is divided into water resources development, hydrology and water resources survey technology, water conservancy project construction, hydropower project construction, environmental ethics and law of hydropower resources development, environmental problems of water resources development and utilization, water environment protection and water ecological comprehensive treatment. It expounds the environmental problems brought by water resources development, engineering construction and water resources development and their treatment and protection in several aspects. It fully embodies the guiding ideology of harmonious development of water resources development and construction and environmental protection in the future, in order to contribute to China’s water resources development and construction, and provide a practical reference book for the staff engaged in water conservancy, hydropower and energy related work.
     As this book covers a lot of contents and involves a lot of knowledge, the format, depth and breadth of the contents of each chapter may not be the same, and fallacies are inevitable. Please comment and correct.

前 言

水资源开发是我国经济建设和民生改善的重要工程，近些年来，我国水资源的开发利用对一些地区的自然环境造成了破坏，这些问题目前已经引起我国环境保护部门的重视，并且将水资源开发过程中的环境保护作为环保工作的重点。
  本书分为水资源开发、水文水资源勘测技术、水利工程建设、水电工程施工、水电资源开发的环境伦理与法律、水资源开发利用环境问题、水环境保护以及水生态综合治理，几个方面阐述了水资源开发及其工程施工建设和水资源开发所带来的环境问题及其治理保护两个方面的内容，充分体现了未来水资源开发建设与环境保护和谐发展的指导思想，以期为我国水资源开发建设事业添砖加瓦，为从事水利水电与能源相关工作的工作人员提供一本切合实用的参考书。
  由于本书包罗内容较多，涉及知识较烦琐，各章节内容的格式、深度和广度可能并不一致，且谬误无可避免，敬请广大读者批评指正。

The book is rich in content, including project management, hydrology, engineering geology, engineering tasks and scale, water conservation, the protection of water resource , the impact and assessment of the environment, etc. This book is a general reference material for all related disciplines of water conservancy and hydropower, water administration and water resource management, environmental water conservancy and water resource protection, as well as for engineering technicians engaged in water conservancy and hydropower project planning, feasibility study, preliminary design and water administration and water resource management.
    Our intention of compiling Water Conservancy and Hydropower Engineering Construction and Water Resource Protection is to provide a practical textbook and reference book for water conservancy workers. However, due to the complexity of knowledge involved in this book, the format, depth and breadth of the contents of each chapter may not be the same, and fallacies are inevitable. Readers are welcome to criticize and correct them.

前 言

本书主要内容丰富，包括项目管理、水文、工程地质、工程任务与规模、水体保持、水资源保护、环境影响评价等。本书是相关水利水电类各专业及水政水资源管理专业、环境水利与水资源保护类的通用参考资料，也可供从事水利水电工程规划、可行性研究、初步设计及水政水资源管理等方面工作的工程技术人员参考。
  我们编写《水利水电工程施工与水资源保护》的意图，是为水利工作者提供一本贴合实用的教材与参考书。然而，由于本书涉及知识较繁杂，各章节内容的格式、深度和广度可能并不一致，谬误无可避免，敬请读者批评指正。