With the rapid improvement of China’s economic level, the major cities are also developing. As an important part of urban construction, urban road is the traffic context of the whole city and the basis of urban life and social development. It plays an important role in improving the traffic environment of the whole city. Urban road construction has the characteristics of large amount of investment, wide coverage and strong driving effect. It is closely related to the production and life of the general public and plays an important role in promoting the development of various social undertakings.
        With the continuous scale of road and bridge engineering projects, the quality management and control requirements in the process of road and bridge engineering construction and completion are also constantly improving, which is directly related to the economic and social benefits of engineering projects, and directly related to the overall operation of urban traffic. Road and bridge engineering construction includes many construction projects, each link of which affects the quality of the project. To strengthen the quality management, we must start from each link and promote the overall quality of the project with the link quality management; All parties involved in the construction and operation of the project, the competent department of the construction project, the construction, design, construction, supervision and operation and maintenance units and others need to clarify and implement their respective quality responsibilities. We should strengthen the design and construction management, make the design standard and reasonable, complete the construction process in strict accordance with the design requirements, strengthen the scientific supervision of the supervision unit, make the construction project scientific decision-making, careful design, careful construction, careful maintenance, and jointly improve the construction and maintenance quality of urban road engineering.

前 言

随着我国经济水平的飞速提升，各大城市也在不断发展，城市道路作为城市建设的一个重要部分，是整个城市的交通脉络，是城市生活和社会发展的基础，它对改善整个城市的交通环境起到了非常关键的作用。城市道路建设具有投资额大、涉及面广、带动作用强等特点，与广大市民的生产和生活密切相关，对社会各项事业的发展具有重要的促进作用，受到人们的重点关注。
       随着道路桥梁工程项目的不断规模化，在道路桥梁工程建设和建成投入使用过程中的质量管理与控制要求也在不断提高，它直接关系到工程项目的经济效益与社会效益，直接关系到城市交通的整体运行情况。道路桥梁工程建设包括众多建设项目，其每个环节都影响着工程质量。加强质量管理必须从各个环节出发，以环节质量的管理促进工程整体质量的提升；参与工程建设和运行的各方，建设项目的主管部门，建设、设计、施工、监理和运行养护单位等，需要明确并落实各自的质量责任，加强设计施工管理，做到设计规范、合理，施工工序严格按照设计要求完成，加强监理单位的科学监理，使建设项目科学决策、精心设计、精心施工、精心养护，共同提高城镇道路工程的建设和养护质量。

Due to the complexity of urban road and bridge construction process, high technical requirements and uneven quality of construction related personnel, these factors lead to a substantial increase in bridge construction risk to varying degrees. In addition, the quality of the maintenance process is directly related to the smooth progress of the entire bridge project.
     As an important part of urban infrastructure construction, the construction and maintenance quality of urban roads and bridges is directly related to the daily work and life of citizens, and even the image of the whole city. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the construction and maintenance technology of urban roads and bridges, to ensure that urban roads and bridges have sufficient loading capacity, and at the same time, to maintain coordination with the beauty of the city, so as to achieve the maximum economic and social benefits. This paper focuses on the analysis of the construction and maintenance technology and quality control of urban roads and bridges, hoping to provide reference for the construction process of urban roads and bridges in China.
      The safe use of bridges is the life of the highway. The maintenance and management of highway bridges is still a weak link in current highway maintenance and management. In order to strengthen the management of highways and bridges, we must establish the idea of “One Hundred Years Plan, Quality First”, and grasp the quality of highway bridge maintenance and management. Not only can it minimize and avoid the hidden dangers that endanger the lives and property of the people, but it is also of great significance to promote the sustainable development of highway traffic.

前 言

由于城市道路桥梁施工过程复杂性较大，对于技术方面的要求也较高，施工相关人员的素质也参差不齐，因而这些因素均不同程度上导致桥梁施工风险的大幅度增加，此外，养护环节的质量情况也直接关系着整个桥梁项目的顺利进行。
        作为城市基础建设中的重要组成部分之一，城市道路桥梁的施工及养护质量直接关系着市民的日常工作及生活，甚至关系着整个城市的形象问题。因此，必须提高城市道路桥梁的施工及养护技术，确保城市道路桥梁具备足够受载能力的同时，还要同城市的美观保持协调，从而发挥出最大的经济及社会效益。本文重点就城市道路桥梁施工及养护技术及其质量控制进行了分析，希望能为我国城市道路桥梁的施工过程提供借鉴。
        桥梁的安全使用是公路的生命。公路桥梁的养护与管理依旧是当前公路养护管理的一个薄弱环节，加强其管理工作，我们要树立“百年大计、质量第一”的思想，抓好公路桥梁养护与管理的质量，不仅可以尽量减少和避免危及人民群众生命财产安全，而且对于促进公路交通的可持续发展有着重要的意义。

As a key part of highway engineering construction, road and bridge engineering plays an important role in promoting the development of China’s traffic construction, and its construction management level has a decisive impact on the quality of road and bridge engineering. In the process of road and bridge construction, the management person must deeply realize the importance of construction management, put the project quality in the first place, establish a correct construction management concept, pay special attention to the construction cost management, establish a perfect project management system, and strictly control the road and bridge engineering quality.
        With the deepening of urban construction, higher requirements are put forward for the construction quality of road and bridge engineering. It is necessary to pay attention to the reasonable formulation and implementation of construction quality control measures. For road and bridge engineering projects, the whole construction process is around its quality and safety, but there are many problems in the actual construction management process, which will lead to the quality objectives can not be achieved. Therefore, it is necessary to establish and improve the management system, comprehensively analyze the engineering construction management, find out the common problems in the construction quality control of engineering construction, constantly innovate the management methods in the construction process, and improve the comprehensive benefits of road pavement engineering project management. Road and bridge engineering is the key project in our country, and road and bridge engineering is the key component of our country's transportation system. Through the construction of this project, it provides great convenience for people’s travel and road transportation, and directly promotes the progress of our society. The construction quality of road and bridge engineering will directly affect the later application effect. Therefore, in order to create a high-quality road and bridge engineering, we must work hard in the construction stage, reduce various problems existing in the construction, and eliminate various factors affecting the construction quality.

前 言

道路桥梁工程作为公路工程建设的关键部分，对我国交通建设发展具有重要推动作用，其施工管理水平高低对道路桥梁工程质量有决定性影响。道路桥梁施工过程中，管理层务必要深刻认识到施工管理的重要性，将工程质量放在首位，树立正确的施工管理理念，特别要注意施工成本管理，建立完善的工程管理体系，严格把控道路桥梁工程质量。
        随着城市建设的不断深入，对路桥工程施工质量提出了更高要求，有必要注重施工质量控制措施的合理制定和实施。对于道路桥梁工程项目来说，整个施工过程都是围绕其质量安全进行的，但是实际施工管理过程存在许多的问题都会导致质量目标无法实现。因此，需要建立完善管理制度，对工程施工管理进行综合分析，找出工建设工程施工质量控制中常见问题，不断创新施工过程中的管理方式，提高道路路面工程项目管理的综合效益。道路桥梁工程是我国的重点工程，道路桥梁工程是我国交通体系中的重点组成部分，通过这项工程的建设，给人们的出行和道路的运输提供了很大的便利条件，直接的推动了我国社会的进步。道桥工程的施工质量会直接的影响到后期的应用效果，所以，要想打造高质量的道桥工程，就必须要在施工阶段下功夫，减少施工中存在的各种问题，排除各种影响施工质量的因素。

As a key part of highway engineering construction, road and bridge engineering plays an important role in promoting the development of our country’s transportation construction, and its construction management level has a decisive impact on the quality of road and bridge engineering. During the construction of roads and bridges, the management must deeply understand the importance of construction management, give priority to engineering quality, establish correct construction management concepts, pay special attention to construction cost management, establish a sound project management system, and strictly control the quality of road and bridge engineering.
      The rapid development of our country’s social economy has accelerated the process of urbanization. The subsequent pressure on urban traffic and roads is increasing, and the construction of urban roads is facing more severe test. Therefore, it is urgent to adjust and improve urban roads. The construction quality of subgrade and pavement has a decisive influence on the safety and stability of urban roads. However, pavement construction has become more and more complicated, and the technical requirements have become more stringent and detailed. Many new problems have appeared in the construction of subgrade and pavement engineering. During the construction of road and bridge projects, the pavement and subgrade must be completed within a short period of time in accordance with the design standards. This can not only promote the construction of the project, but also ensure the rapid development of the market economy. This requires the construction unit to clarify common problems and come up with solutions. The design unit, the supervision unit, and the construction unit are the main participants in the project, and these three parties form a working mode of mutual cooperation and supervision. Based on the actual engineering experience, this book analyzes some common problems of road and bridge quality management, and finds the most correct measures to solve the problems, so as to improve the quality management of subgrade and pavement engineering.

前 言

道路桥梁工程作为公路工程建设的关键部分，对我国交通建设发展具有重要推动作用，其施工管理水平高低对道路桥梁工程质量有决定性影响。道路桥梁施工过程中，管理层务必要深刻认识到施工管理的重要性，将工程质量放在首位，树立正确的施工管理理念，特别要注意施工成本管理，建立完善的工程管理体系，严格把控道路桥梁工程质量。
        我国社会经济的快速发展加速了城市化进程，城市交通道路压力越来越大，城市道路建设面临更严峻的考验。因此，迫切需要调整和完善城市道路。路基路面的施工质量对城市道路的安全和稳定有着决定性的影响，然而路面建设已经变得愈发复杂，技术要求更加严格细致，桥梁道路路基路面工程施工出现了不少新问题。开展路桥项目施工的时候，路面与路基要依照设计标准短期内完成，这不但可以促进项目建设，而且可以保证市场经济迅速发展。这要求建设单位应明确常见问题，得出解决方案。设计单位、监理单位、施工单位是项目的主要参与方，三者形成互相合作与监督的工作方式。本书根据工程实际经验，分析道路桥梁质量管理的一些常见问题， 并基于问题寻找最为正确的解决问题的措施， 完善路基路面工程质量管理。

With the acceleration of the urbanization process, serious pollution problems have appeared in the urban environment, and water pollution has become a key issue of people’s attention. The treatment of urban water pollution in our country is still in its infancy. Various sewage treatment systems are lagging behind, and the sewage treatment facilities cannot give full play to their benefits. These problems have become common problems in sewage treatment. The management of the operation of the sewage treatment system is the basic guarantee for the normal operation of the treatment system.
      Nowadays, the country’s requirements for the construction of the ecological environment are becoming more and more stringent, and the pressure of market competition is increasing. In order to continuously enhance the competitiveness of sewage treatment plants, ensure that pollutants meet the discharge standards, and achieve long-term environmental and social benefits, we should strengthen the daily operation management in the process of urban domestic sewage treatment, so as to reduce costs and increase efficiency.
     The shortage of water resources is a serious problem faced by many places. Therefore, in our lives, people vigorously advocate saving water resources, improving water resources utilization efficiency, and developing water-saving industries, so as to build energy-saving cities. Improving the utilization efficiency of water resources requires not only the innovation of various management systems and the improvement of water resources management systems, but also the establishment of a reasonable water resources management system. We must strengthen the treatment and management of sewage, increase people’s enthusiasm for saving water and preventing water pollution, vigorously promote water-saving technology, and strive for everyone to contribute to the rational use of urban water resources and the beautification of the urban environment.

前 言

随着城镇化进程的加快，导致城市环境出现了严重的污染问题，水资源污染成为人们关注的重点问题。就我国城市水污染的处理而言，尚且处于起步阶段，各种污水处理系统比较滞后，处理污水的设施也不能更好的发挥其应有的效益，这些问题成为污水处理中的共性问题。对污水处理系统的运行情况进行管理是确保处理系统正常运行的基础保障。
        如今，国家对生态环境建设要求日益严苛，且市场竞争的压力越来越大，为了不断增强污水处理厂的竞争力，确保污染物达标排放，实现长久的环保效益和社会效益，应在城镇生活污水处理的过程中加强日常运行管理，从而降本增效。
        水资源短缺是很多地方面临的严重问题，因此，在我们的生活中人们大力倡导节约水资源，提高水资源的利用效率，发展节水型产业，从而更好的建立节约型的城市。提高水资源的利用效率不仅需要进行各种管理制度的创新，改善水资源的管理体系，此外，还需要建立合理的水资源管理体制，加强对污水的处理和管理，提高人们节约用水和防治水污染的积极性，大力推广节水科技，争取每一个人都能够为城市水资源的合理利用和城市环境的美化做贡献。