Building electrical technology is an interdisciplinary and comprehensive technical subject which creates, maintains and improves people’s living or working environment by means of electric energy, electronics, electrical equipment and electrical technology. It is the organic combination of strong electricity and weak electricity with specific buildings.
     As a professional, building electrical system has developed from nothing, and developed from simple to complex. And now it has included many systems including strong and weak electricity. Besides, with the development of science and technology, and its application in the construction industry, the functional electrical of integrated weak current project is advancing rapidly. Especially in recent years, with the rise of green building and intelligent building, modern computer technology, modern control technology, network technology and modern communication technology have been widely used in the field of building electrical, making the building more energy-saving, environmental protection and safety. In the engineering practice, with the continuous exposed problems and the process of solving the problems, the building electrical will become more and more mature and perfect; while avoiding the waste caused by the secondary investment, it will move towards specialization, normalization and standardization. 

    This book discusses the electrical overview of building, installation and selection of electrical equipment, building power supply and distribution system, design and construction of building electrical engineering, management technology of building engineering, etc.

前 言

建筑电气技术是以电能、电子、电气设备及电气技术为手段来创造、维持和改善人民居住或工作的生活环境的电、光、声、冷和暖环境的一门跨学科的综合性的技术学科。它是强电和弱电与具体建筑的有机结合。
       建筑电气作为一个专业，从无到有，由简单到复杂，发展到如今已经囊括了兼之强电和弱电在内的多个系统，并且随着一 IT 也为龙头的科学技术的发展，及其在建筑业的应用，综合弱电项目的职能电气更是突飞猛进。特别是近年来绿色建筑、智能建筑的兴起，使得现代计算机技术、现代控制技术、网络技术和现代通信技术在建筑电气领域取得了广泛的应用，使得建筑更加节能、环保，安全。在工程实践中， 伴随着不断暴露的问题和解决问题的过程， 建筑电气必将日趋成熟和发展健全；在避免二次投资造成浪费的同时，走向专业化、正规化和规范化。
        本书对建筑电气概述、电气设备安装与选择、建筑供配电系统、建筑电气工程设计与施工、建筑工程管理技术等方面进行了一定的论述。

As an important basic industry of national economy, transportation is an important chain of social circulation and distribution, which plays an important supporting and guarantee role in social economy and national defense construction. In the four transportation systems of railway, civil aviation, water and highway, highway transportation, as the continuation of social production process in the field of circulation, plays an extremely important role. With the rapid development of national economy and the fierce competition of industry division, road transportation is required to be further high-speed and networked, improve transportation efficiency and reduce transportation costs, which set off a large-scale highway construction investment in recent years. Because the construction of highway engineering is different from other types of construction, its characteristics of large investment funds, long construction period and wide influence are all thorny problems. Therefore, we put forward more difficult and higher requirements for highway construction management than general engineering management. For any project, the excellence of its management system determines the quality of the project. In the
management, strict control of every link of the project construction process is also an essential means of high-quality highway construction.
    This book expounds the relevant contents of highway construction management from two aspects of highway construction and highway construction management. Highway construction is divided into three parts: highway planning and design, highway construction and highway maintenance. Highway construction management includes cost management, schedule management, safety management, quality management and other management contents.
    In the aspect of highway construction, the book details the plane design, vertical section design, intersection design, subgrade design, pavement design, highway drainage and landscape design, construction preparation of highway construction, highway site construction technology, mechanized construction, subgrade maintenance, pavement maintenance, bridge and culvert, highway damage type in highway design. This book is designed to provide scientific and rigorous theoretical support and help for highway construction practitioners in China.
    The management of highway construction runs through the beginning and end of highway project construction. Whether it is the preparation of materials and funds in the early stage, the cost, progress, safety control in the construction, or the quality monitoring and testing of the project, it plays an extremely important role in the process of highway construction. Only by carefully and carefully doing everything in the management process, coupled with the standardized management system and the current relaxed industry environment, China’s road construction management work will be able to thrive and contribute to the sustainable development of China’s economy.
    Our intention of compiling Construction and Management of Highway Engineering is to provide a practical textbook and reference book for highway construction practitioners. However, because the book covers a wide range of contents, involves a lot of knowledge, and is written by many people, the format, depth and breadth of the contents of each chapter may not be the same, and fallacies are inevitable. Readers are welcome to criticize and correct them.

前 言

交通作为国民经济的重要基础产业，是社会流通与分配环节的重要链条，对社会经济、国防建设等起着重要的支撑和保障作用。在我国铁路、民航、水上和公路四大运输体系中，公路运输作为社会化生产过程在流通领域内的继续，发挥着极其重要的作用。随着国民经济的快速发展和行业分工的激烈竞争，要求道路运输进一步高速化、网络化，提高运输效率、降低运输成本，从而掀起了近年来我国有史以来大规模的公路建设投资。而由于公路工程的建设不同于其他建筑类型，其投资资金大、建设周期长、影响涉及面广泛等特点都是棘手问题，因此对于公路建设的管理提出了比一般工程管理难度更大、更高的要求。任何一个工程，其管理体系的精锐与否都决定了项目质量的好坏，在管理中严格控制工程建设过程的每一个环节，
也是优质公路建设必不可少的手段。
       本书从公路的建设与公路建设管理两方面来阐述公路建设管理的相关内容，其=中公路建设分为公路规划设计、公路施工与公路养护三部分，公路建设管理则包括了成本管理、进度管理、安全管理、质量管理以及其他管理内容。

 在公路建设方面，书中就公路设计中的平面设计、纵断面设计、交叉设计、路基设计、路面设计、公路排水与景观设计，公路施工的施工准备、公路现场施工技术、机械化施工以及公路养护中的路基养护、路面养护、桥梁与涵洞、公路损坏类型等内容进行了详细的阐述与说明，以期尽可能为我国公路建设从业人员提供科学严谨的理论支持与帮助。
       公路建设管理方面更是贯穿了公路工程项目建设的始末，无论是前期的资料、资金准备，建设中的成本、进度、安全控制，还是工程的质量监控与检测，都在公路建设过程中扮演着极其重要的角色，只有细致、谨慎的做好了管理过程中的每一项，再加上规范化的管理体制与当前宽松的行业环境，我国的公路建设管理工作必能蒸蒸日上，为我国经济的可持续发展添砖加瓦。
       我们编写《公路工程施工建设与管理》的意图是为广大公路建设从业者提供一本切合实用的教材与参考书。但因为本书包罗内容较广，涉及知识较烦琐，编写人员较多，各章节内容的格式、深度和广度可能并不一致，且谬误无可避免，请读者批评指正。

China has a large population, and the total amount of housing construction is also in the forefront of the world. With the continuous improvement of people’s living standards and the continuous development of economic level, people’s demand for housing construction is also increasing, and the country’s requirements for the quality of housing construction are higher and higher. In order to meet the national construction requirements and the people’s living needs, it is necessary to improve the quality and progress of housing construction, and carry out a comprehensive analysis and research on the design, construction technology and construction management of housing construction, so as to improve the construction technology and management level of housing construction in China.
    This book has made a full study on the construction technology and management of housing construction in China from many perspectives, including the concept and elements of housing construction in China at present; the main contents and design procedures of housing design in China; the research on the common building structure system of housing construction; the analysis on the main structure of housing construction; the analysis of the organization management, construction procedure and construction technology in the process of housing construction; the organization design scheme in the process of housing construction; the project quality management in the process of housing construction and the handling method of unexpected accidents; the safety management and environmental management during the construction of housing construction.

前 言

我国是人口大国，房屋建设的总量也居于世界前列。随着人民生活水平的不断提高和经济水平的不断发展，人民对于房屋建筑的需求量也随之增大，国家也对房屋建筑的质量要求越来越高。为了满足国家的建设要求以及人民的生活需求，必须他提高房屋建筑的施工的质量和进度，对房屋建筑施工的设计、施工技术、施工管理等进行全面的分析研究，以提高我国房屋建筑施工技术和管理水平。
      本书从多个角度对我国房屋建筑施工技术和管理进行了充分的研究，其中包含：目前我国房屋建筑的概念、构成要素；我国房屋建筑设计的主要内容和设计程序；房屋建设常见的建筑结构体系研究；房屋建筑的主要构造分析；房屋建筑施工过程中的组织管理、施工程序、施工技术等分析；房屋建筑施工时的组织设计方案；房屋建筑建设的工程质量管理以及突发事故的处理方式；房屋建筑施工时的安全管理和环境管理。

With the social development and population growth, the status of water conservancyis becoming more and more important. In recent years, China has increased investment ininfrastructure construction of water conservancy projects. Water conservancy project has entered an unprecedented stage of development. However, the construction of water conservancy project is a huge and complex system engineering. The quality management and control of water conservancy project run through the whole construction process. In the construction of water conservancy projects, the topography, geological conditions, hydrological conditions and environmental climate of the construction site should be observed first. These conditions are important factors affecting the construction of water
conservancy projects and play an important role in their quality. In the process of construction, water conservancy project managers should deal with the relationship between various factors to ensure the normal and smooth implementation of water conservancy projects. Good management of water conservancy projects is an effective guarantee to improve economic and social benefits, and also a prerequisite to achieve the goal of sustainable development of water conservancy projects.
    This book mainly elaborates the modern water conservancy project managementfrom the content of ten chapters, hoping to contribute to the project promotion and progress of relevant staff。

前 言

随着社会发展和人口增长，水利事业的地位越来越重要。这些年，我国对水利工程的基本设施建设加大了投入。水利工程进入空前的发展阶段。但是，水利工程项目的建设是一种庞大和复杂的系统工程，水利工程质量管理和控制贯穿于整个施工过程中。在水利工程施工时，要先观察施工地点的地形地貌、地质条件、水文状况，以及环境气候等，这些条件都是影响水利工程施工的重要因素，对其质量有着重要作用。水利工程管理人员在施工过程中，要处理好各因素之间的关系，确保水利工程的正常顺利实施，做好水利工程项目管理工作是提高经济效益以及社会效益的有效保障，同时也是实现水利工程可持续发展目标的前提条件。
       本书主要从十章内容对现代水利工程项目管理进行详细的阐述，希望能用有助
于相关工作人员的工程推动和进展。

In recent years, with the progress of the times and the rapid development of social economy, human beings need more and more resources. The lack and waste of resources is also an important problem now. Water is the source of life and the basis of human survival. The protection and conservation of water resources should be valued by all
people. Therefore, we should improve the comprehensive utilization efficiency of water resources, actively publicize the saving information of water resources, and let the masses start from small things. For urban water supply, we should plan more intensive programs, make management information open and transparent, and promote sustainable development of water resources.
     This paper first expounds the basic concept of water resources, including how water resources are formed, then describes how groundwater and surface water are developed and utilized, as well as the selection and layout of its projects, and expounds the importance and measures of sustainable development of water resources; this paper puts
forward several measures for the protection of water resources, expounds how to use new technology to save water more, how to plan urban-rural integrated water supply, what are the influencing factors of urban integrated water supply planning, and how to establish urban-rural integrated water supply management system; finally, the design of water resource management information and transmission system is described. The author hopes to provide readers with some reference opinions, and contributes to the protection and conservation of water resources, so as to promote the sustainable development of water resources

前 言

近几年随着时代的进步和社会经济的飞速发展，人类对于资源的需要也越来越多，资源的缺失和浪费也是现在面对的重要问题，而水是生命之源，是人类赖以生存的基础。对于水资源的保护和节约应该被所有人所重视。所以要提高对于水资源的综合利用效率，积极宣传水资源的节约信息，让广大群众都积极从小事做起。对于城市供水应该规划更为集约的方案，将管理信息公开透明化，促进水资源的可持续发展。
       本文首先阐述了水资源的基本概念包括水资源是如何形成的；然后讲述了地下水以及地表水是怎样开发利用的以及其工程的选择和布局；阐述了水资源可持续发展的重要性和措施；对于水资源的保护提出几点措施；阐述了利用新技术更加节约用水；讲述如何规划城乡一体化供水；提出影响城市一体化供水规划的影响因素有哪些；提出建立城乡一体化供水管理体系；最后阐述了水资源管理信息与传输系统的设计。希望能给读者提供一点参考意见，在保护水资源和节约用水方面贡献自己的一部分力量，促进水资源的可持续发展。