In the mid-1990s, China began to carry out the pilot application of microprocessor-based substation protection and control. At present, the intelligent relay protection and monitoring system has been fully realized. Since 2005, with the application and promotion of IEC 61850 standard, a wide range of digital substation pilot projects have been started in China. The pilot projects have made a lot of innovative achievements in electronic transformer, process layer data transmission, IEC 61850 implementation specifications, and digital substation engineering implementation.
        In the intelligent substation, the combination between primary equipment and secondary equipment should be closer, both in the space distance and in the function coordination. Through full understanding of each other, the substation can be simpler, more reliable and easier to maintain: in the intelligent substation, the secondary specialty should also be fully integrated. The secondary equipment should be designed from the perspective of reliability, operation and maintenance convenience, and the overall planning should be integrated into an organic whole; intelligent substation serves for more intelligent power grid operation control system. Providing real-time accurate and reliable data should be an important goal of intelligent substation. The design of advanced application should consider more the combination with remote control than only local application.
     In addition, intelligent auxiliary integrated monitoring system is a new field in power grid engineering, involving computer software and hardware, communication, power grid automation, security, fire protection, intelligent video, artificial intelligence, power environment monitoring and many other professional fields, which requires high technical reserve for users. At present, most of the power grid operation and maintenance managers are still unfamiliar with this system, and lack of targeted books on the market. Therefore, we have compiled this book to serve the effective application of this system, and then serve the power production and operation.

前 言

20 世纪 90 年代中期我国开始进行变电站保护和控制微机化应用的试点，目前已经较为全面地实现了智能化继电保护和监控系统。 2005 年以来，随着 IEC 61850标准的应用推广，国内开始了广泛的数字化变电站试点，试点在电子式互感器、过程层数据传输、 IEC 61850 实施规范、数字化变电站工程化实施方面取得了大量的创新成果。
       智能化变电站中一次设备与二次设备之间的结合要更为紧密，既体现在空间距离上也体现在功能配合上， 通过相互充分的了解， 让变电站更简单更可靠更易维护：智能化变电站中二次专业内部也应充分融合，二次设备应从可靠性、运行维护方便性角度，整体规划一体化设计，成为一个有机的整体；智能化变电站为更智能的电网运行控制系统服务，提供实时准确可靠的数据应成为智能化变电站的重要目标，高级应用的设计应更多地考虑与远程控制的结合而非仅本地应用。
       此外，智能辅助综合监控系统是电网工程中的新领域，涉及计算机软硬件、通信、电网自动化、安防、消防、智能视频、人工智能、动力环境监控等诸多专业领域，对使用人员的技术储备要求高。目前，大部分电网运维管理人员对此系统还比较陌生，市面上也缺乏针对性的书籍。所以，我们编写了本书，以服务于这一系统的有效应用，进而服务于电力生产运营。

The rapid development of economy and science and technology has a great impact on all walks of life at this stage, among which the geographic survey technology based on GIS, GPS and remote sensing technology has also achieved great improvement. The use of geographical exploration technology is very important for land mapping, geological exploration and mine detection. It can be said that it is a practical and advanced technology type. Scientific and technological innovation ability is the key factor to measure the core competitiveness and sustainable development of a geological exploration unit. Studying the combination of the development of modern geographic exploration technology and engineering can effectively improve the application ability of modern geographic exploration technology in China.
     Based on this, this book explores the development and application of modern geographic exploration technology. It can be divided into two parts based on the content of the article. The first part is the interpretation of basic concepts, which tends to theoretical knowledge, and summarizes the use and basic knowledge of modern geological exploration technology in detail; the second part is a more detailed discussion on the combination of some practical projects, striving to combine theory with practice and improve the practical significance of this book.

前 言

经济与科技的飞速发展对现阶段的各行各业都产生了极大的影响，这其中基于GIS、 GPS 以及遥感技术的地理勘察技术，也实现了极大的提升。地理勘察技术的使用对于土地测绘、地质勘查以及矿井的探测都具有非常重要的意义，可以说是一项实用性和先进性都非常强的技术类型。科技创新能力是衡量一个地勘单位核心竞争力和可持续发展的关键因素，研究现代地理勘查技术的发展与工程的结合情况可有效提升我国对现代地理勘查技术的应用能力。
        基于此，编写本书对近现代地理勘查技术的发展和应用情况展开探究。基于文章撰写内容进行划分可将其分为两部分，其中第一部分为基础概念的阐释，倾向于理论知识，详细概述了近代地质勘查技术的使用状况和基本知识；第二部分则为结合部分实践性非常强的项目工程展开了更加详细的探讨，力求做到理论与实践相结合，提升本书的实践意义。

As a position to cultivate high-level talents with new knowledge, new ideas and new technologies, culture is the main position for colleges and universities to lead ideological and political education with the socialist core value system. It is an important task for colleges and universities to strengthen ideological and ideological construction, improve their ability to solve practical problems, and deepen ideological and political education, create good psychological conditions for the educated to accept ideological and political education. The deep integration of college students’ mental health and ideological and political education is conducive to providing guidance for the development of students’mental health.
      Mental health is mainly to improve mental quality, and the main solution of ideological education is the ideological field. If the mental health of college students and ideological and political education in colleges and universities are organically combined, complemented, promoted and improved each other, so that the mental health education and ideological and political education can achieve twice the result with half the effort.

前 言

大学作为培育拥有新知识、新思想、新技术等高层次人才的阵地，文化是高校用社会主义核心价值体系引领高校思想政治教育的主阵地，是当前加强高校思想意识形态建设的重大任务，提高解决实际问题的能力，深化思想政治教育，并为受教育者接受思想政治教育创造良好的心理条件。大学生心理健康和思想政治教育深度融合，有利于为学生心理健康的发展提供导向作用。
        心理健康主要是提高心理素质，思想教育主要解决的重点是思想领域，如果把大学生心理健康和高校思想政治教育有机地结合起来，相互补充，相互促进，共同提高，从而使心理健康教育与思想政治教育都起到事半功倍的效果。

Landscape engineering is to beautify the environment, which is scientific and regular in a certain range. The value of art appreciation should be reasonably built in the local green space or landscape architecture. The development of landscape engineering is related to the development of regional economy, environment and culture. Since the Reform and Opening up, with the rapid development of social economy and the acceleration of urbanization, various environmental problems have gradually emerged; however, the improvement of people’s material and cultural living standards also puts forward higher requirements for spiritual needs. People’s desire for nature and the pursuit of beauty give birth to the further development of garden industry. Landscape architecture is a subject, a career and an art. Landscape can be divided into two categories: natural landscape and human landscape. Natural landscape came into being before human beings, such as land, rivers and oceans; the human landscape is produced after human civilization. It is a kind of landscape which has been injected into human’s ideas and activities after the transformation of nature. From the perspective of aesthetics, landscape art comes from nature and life. In people’s life, the pursuit of beauty has never been interrupted, nor has art creation been interrupted to achieve this goal. In general, people pay more attention to the formal aesthetic feeling of landscape. The beauty of landscape comes from its artistic creation. Therefore, when people appreciate and evaluate the beauty of landscape, they focus on its artistry. At the present stage of landscape development, because the construction and design are in a stage of continuous improvement, the two important parts of landscape should be explored and studied, so that the landscape engineering becomes more systematic and scientific.
   This paper starts with the basic concepts of landscape and landscape design, and introduces in detail the preliminary preparation, construction technology, construction management, concept and application of landscape technology, and safety management of landscape.

前 言

园林景观工程就是美化环境，在一定的范围内具有科学性和规律可循。艺术欣赏价值的合理建造于本地域的绿地或风景建筑。园林景观工程的发展关系着地区经济、环境和文化的发展，而改革开放以来，伴随着社会经济的飞速发展，城市化进程的加快，各种环境问题也逐渐显露出来；但是人们物质文化生活水平的提高对精神需求也提出了更高的要求，人们对自然的渴望与美的追求催生出了园林产业的进一步发展。园林景观是一门学科、是一项事业、也是一门艺术。景观分为两大类，即自然景观与人文景观。自然景观产生于人类之前，如土地、河流海洋等；人文景观产于人类文明之后，它是经过对自然的改造，被注入了人类意态和活动的一类景观。从美学的角度来看，园林景观艺术来源于自然和生活。在人们的生活中，从来
没有中断过对美的追求，也从来没有间断过以艺术的创造来达到这一目的。在通常的情况下，人们对园林景观的感受往往更注重它的形式美感。园林景观的美感来自它的艺术创作，因此，当人们在欣赏和评价园林的美感时，着重谈到的就是它的艺术性。 在园林景观发展的现阶段， 由于施工和设计方面正处于一个不断完善的阶段，对于园林景观的这两个重要部分要进行探索和研究，从而使得园林景观工程变得更
加系统化、科学化。
      本文主要是从园林景观以及园林景观设计的基本概念入手，详细介绍园林工程施工前期准备、施工技术、施工管理、园林景观技术概念及应用、园林景观的安全管理。

With the development of social economy, people’s material and cultural living standards continue to improve, people’s daily life, production and other activities and outdoor environment comfort requirements are also higher and higher. It has become a common goal and development trend to promote the harmonious coexistence of man and nature, establish a harmonious society of man and nature, and realize sustainable development, which also promotes the vigorous development of landscape engineering construction. Garden construction belongs to a branch of civil engineering construction. Modern garden plays a huge role in beautifying the city and improving people’s living environment with its rich garden plants and complete facilities, and provides people with healthy rest and entertainment places. Therefore, more and more people pay attention to the construction of garden project, and the demand for the construction of garden project is also increasing.
      In the process of writing, the book is based on the principle of generality and practicality, striving to make the concept clear, the text concise, the content substantial, combining with the reality, and highlighting skill training. This book starts with the basic concepts of garden and architecture, and introduces in detail the preparation before construction, earthwork, waterscape engineering, stone landscape engineering, planting engineering and maintenance management, water supply and drainage and power supply engineering, etc. Through the study of this book, readers should be able to grasp the corresponding construction technology concepts, understand the general construction steps and corresponding construction points of each project, relevant construction quality requirements and necessary safety measures, master the process operation methods of general sub projects, and lay the foundation for construction organization and management.

前 言

随着社会经济的日益发展，人们物质生活和文化生活水平的不断提高，人们对日常生活、生产等活动场所和室外环境的舒适度要求也越来越高。促进人与自然和谐共生，建立人与自然相融合的和谐社会，实现可持续发展已成为人们的共同目标和发展趋势，这一趋势也促进了园林工程建设事业的蓬勃发展。园林建设属于土建建设的一个分支，现代园林以其丰富的园林植物和完备地设施对美化城市、改善人们生活环境发挥着巨大的作用，为人们提供了健康的休息、娱乐场所，因此园林工程建设受到越来越多人的关注，园林工程建设的需求也在不断增加。
       本书在编写过程中，以通用、实用为原则，力求概念明确、文字简练、内容充实、结合实际，突出技能培训。本书从园林与建筑的基本概念入手，详细介绍施工前的准备、土方工程、水景工程、石景工程、种植工程与养护管理、给排水与供电工程等。通过对本书的学习，读者应能够掌握相应的施工技术概念，了解各工程的一般施工步骤和相应的施工要点，有关的施工质量要求和必要的安全措施，掌握一般分项项目中的工艺操作方法，为施工组织和管理工作打下基础。