Civil engineering is a general term for the science and technology for construction of various types of engineering facilities. With the rapid development of China's economy and rapid urban construction, civil engineering industry has been greatly developed and occupies an increasingly important position in people's daily life. Therefore, people urgently need more scientific research results of civil engineering construction technology and management theory.

This book is divided into civil engineering, civil engineering construction organization design, civil engineering construction, civil engineering cost contract management, civil engineering construction project management, civil engineering construction safety and quality management, and civil engineering site construction personnel rest rights protection. It expounds the current concept of civil engineering construction and management technology, analyzes the status quo and problems of civil engineering construction management in China, and proposes feasible suggestions for these problems, with a view to providing a practical teaching material and reference book for the vast number of civil engineering practitioners in China. This is our intention to write this book! As the book contains more content, involves more cumbersome knowledge, and has more compilers, the format, depth and breadth of the contents of each chapter may not be inconsistent; and the fallacies are inevitable. Readers are invited to criticize and correct. Suggestions for improvement will be gratefully received.

前言

土木工程是建造各类工程设施的科学技术的统称，随着我国经济的快速发展，城市化建设的步伐日益加快，土木工程这一行业得到较大的发展，在人们的日常生活中占据越来越重要的地位。因此，人们迫切需求更新、更科学的土木工程施工技术与管理理论研究成果面世！

本书分土木工程、土木工程施工组织设计、土木工程施工建设、土木工程成本造价合同管理、土木工程施工项目管理、土木工程施工安全与质量管理以及土木工程现场施工人员休息权保护几个方面来阐述现行土木工程施工及管理技术理念，分析了我国土木工程施工管理的现状与问题，并针对这些问题提出可行性建议，以期为我国广大土木工程从业者提供一本切合实用的教材与参考书，这也是我们编写本书的意图所在！由于本书包罗内容较多，涉及知识较烦琐，编写人员较多，各章节内容的形式、深度和广度可能并不一致，且谬误无可避免，敬请广大读者批评指正！

With the rapid development of China's economy, people have higher requirements for the quality of life. In the residential area, it not only requires a safe and green home environment, but also reflects its own characteristics of residential taste. Therefore, the architectural decoration engineering has also become popular, and has become one of the most concerned hot issues in today's society. Decoration engineering is one of the main and final tasks of construction engineering. It not only undertakes the mission of improving the living taste and meeting the modern living requirements, but also concerns the vital interests of millions of households. While, the construction quality of the renovation project is also related to the health and safety of the owner and the ease of use. Therefore, this book simply elaborated the plastering project, the ceiling decoration project, the door and window decoration project, the decoration surface project, the ground decoration project, the papering and the soft package project construction technology quality.

前言

随着我国经济的快速发展，人们对于生活品质的要求也越来越高，在住宅方面，不仅要求安全、绿色的居家环境，同时也要体现出自己的居住品位特点，因此建筑装饰装修工程也随之而大行其道，成为了当今社会中人们最关注的热点问题之一。装饰装修工程作为建筑工程的一项主要任务，也是最后一项任务，承担着提升居住品位、满足现代化居住要求的使命，它关系到千家万户居民的切身利益，同时装修工程施工质量问题也关乎业主的健康安全以及使用便捷程度。因此，本书将通过对抹灰工程、吊顶装饰工程、门窗装饰工程、装饰饰面工程、地面装饰工程、裱糊与软包工程的施工技术质量进行简单的阐述。

With the rapid development of China's real estate industry, the number of construction enterprises is increasing. Although the current construction industry has the supervision of the management department, there are still many deficiencies in quality supervision. Therefore, the construction technology of each construction enterprise is uneven, resulting in unqualified construction projects everywhere. Good preparation is the necessary advance of construction technology management to find key issues. According to the specific situation of the construction project, the working mechanism of each department is coordinated to achieve a clear division of labor and better serve the technical management of the construction project. At present, there are many types of construction in China, and the competition among construction units is increasingly fierce. The level of technical management can measure the strength of construction units to a certain extent. Most construction units have a certain foundation in terms of technical and economic strength. However, there are still problems such as management omissions and imperfect systems in the management of construction technology, which makes it difficult to reflect its advantages in the competition of the construction industry. In the competitive environment of the construction industry, the construction technology of construction companies has been improved. Construction enterprises should consciously upgrade construction technology, thereby improving construction efficiency, reducing construction project construction costs, and further improving the technical management level of the project. Therefore, it is necessary to analyze the construction technology management and engineering cost, and continuously optimize it to promote the development and progress of China's construction industry.

This book elaborates construction technology management and engineering cost in twelve chapters. It hopes to contribute to the development of China's construction industry.

前言

随着我国房地产事业的飞速发展，建筑施工企业单位的数量不断增多。目前的建筑行业，虽然有管理部门的监督，但监管质量的要求仍存在诸多不足，所以各个建筑企业的施工技术参差不齐，致使质量不合格的建筑工程比比皆是。做好准备工作是施工技术管理的必要前提，要挖掘重点问题。根据建筑施工项目具体情况作出调整，协调部门工作机制，明确分工，更好地服务建筑工程施工技术管理工作。当前我国建设种类繁多，施工单位间竞争日益激烈，技术管理水平在一定程度上可以衡量建筑施工单位的实力。大部分建筑施工单位在技术和经济实力上有着一定的基础，但在施工技术的管理上仍然存在着管理疏漏、制度不健全等问题，导致在建筑行业的竞争中难以体现其优势。在建筑行业的竞争环境下，可激发建筑施工企业施工技术改进，建筑企业应自觉提升施工技术，从而提高施工效率，降低建筑工程施工成本，实现工程的技术管理水平更进一步提升，所以很有必要对建筑施工技术管理和工程造价进行分析，不断对其进行优化，从而推动我国的建筑行业的发展与进步。

本书从十二章内容对建筑施工技术管理和工程造价进行阐述，希望能够有助于我国建筑事业的发展。

The progress of science and technology has greatly promoted the development of mechanical design, manufacturing and automation. As a new discipline, mechanical design, manufacturing and automation combine a variety of technologies to improve the stability, usability and reliability of mechanical equipment. Mechanical equipment is more humane and intelligent. It can be seen that mechanical design, manufacturing and automation have great application and development potential.

The introduction part briefly introduces the basic situation of mechanical and mechanical equipment, mechanism and mechanical design and the development trend of China's machinery manufacturing industry. After that, it is divided into seven chapters, which respectively describe the mechanical equipment, mechanical transmission, shafting parts and connections, modern mechanical product design, mechanical manufacturing technology, measurement and detection technology and automation equipment management. Based on the scientific attitude of combining theory with practice, this book studies the current status and application examples of mechanical design, manufacturing and automation in China, and discusses the development direction of mechanical design, manufacturing and automation. This provides theoretical guidance and support for the further development of China's machinery manufacturing industry.

前言

科学技术的进步，大力推动了机械设计制造与自动化的发展。机械设计制造与自动化作为一门新兴学科，融合了多种技术，提高了机械设备的稳定性、使用性、可靠性，同时使机械设备更具人性化、智能化特点。由此可以看出，机械设计制造与自动化具有较大的应用潜力和发展潜力。

本书开篇绪论部分简单介绍了机械与机械设备、机构与机械设计以及我国机械制造业的发展趋势的基本情况。之后分七章，分别阐述机械机构、机械传动、轴系零部件与连接、现代机械产品设计、机械制造技术、计量检测技术与自动化的设备管理的内容。书中本着理论与实践相结合的科学态度，研究当前我国机械设计制造与自动化发展现状及应用实例，深入探讨了机械设计制造与自动化的发展方向，为我国机械制造业的进一步发展提供理论指导和技术支持。

In recent years, in order to survive and develop in the face of fierce competition, we must attach importance to the development of accounting. Because the level of accounting system management directly affects the level of economic development, and thus affects the efficiency of enterprises. Therefore, a comprehensive planning and implementation of accounting and finance play a very good role in promoting economic activity. In the construction of finance and accounting, the rules and actions of coordinated and sustainable development are also fully demonstrated. The unified planning of accounting can promote the basic concept of sound and fast development of society in terms of economic development. Therefore, accounting and finance must also synchronize the development of China's financial sector in a timely manner, and drive the perfection of enterprises and finance by accounting development, so as to achieve further and rapid economic benefits. We should be able to better pave the way for economic progress by learning and improving the management of accounting and finance.

This book will briefly elaborate on the following aspects: accounting overview, specific contents and general requirements of accounting, accounting subjects and accounts, double-entry bookkeeping, accounting for major economic operations, accounting documents, accounting books, financial management overview, financial processing procedures, time value of funds, risks and rewards, asset pricing , property inventory, financial accounting reports, accounting files, investment decision-making, enterprise financial accounting in big data environment.

前言

近年来，面对激烈的竞争，要想求得生存、获得发展必须重视会计方面的发展，因为会计系统管理水平高低直接影响经济发展水平的高低，进而影响企业效益的好坏。因此，全面地对会计、财务进行规划与实施，对于促进经济的活跃程度有很好的发展前景。在财务与会计的建设方面也较为全面地展现了协调可持续发展的规律与行动。会计的统一规划，对经济发展方面，可促进社会又好又快发展的基本理念。因此，会计与财务也必须对我国金融界的各项发展做到适时的同步，以会计发展来带动企业与财务的完善，从而进一步、快速的取得经济效益。我们应通过学习与完善会计与财务的管理，才能够更好地为经济的进步做完好的铺垫。

本书将通过对会计概述、会计核算的具体内容与一般要求、会计科目和账户、复式记账、主要经济业务核算、会计凭证、会计账簿、财务管理概述、财务处理程序、资金时间价值、风险与报酬、资产定价、财产清查、财务会计报告、会计档案、投资决策、大数据环境下企业财务会计等方面进行了简要的阐述。