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With the deepening of the concept of new curriculum reform, the dominant position of students is increasingly apparent. Teachers should also pay attention to guiding students to solve problems with new ideas and new ideas in classroom teaching, give full play to students’ self potential, cultivate students’ new thinking quality, make students have innovative thinking consciousness, and comprehensively promote students’ motivation of active inquiry learning.
       “Innovation is the soul of a nation and the inexhaustible driving force for the prosperity of a country”. In today’s world, science and technology are advancing by leaps and bounds, and knowledge economy has begun to take shape. The development of education has been closely related to the safety of the country and the rise and fall of the nation. Therefore, it has become an urgent task to cultivate new talents with innovative thinking ability. The cultivation of innovative consciousness and innovative ability is an important task of cross century education. As education itself is a process of innovation, it requires teachers to have a sense of innovation. We mathematics teachers have the responsibility to create a generation of innovative people through teaching. Teachers should excavate the teaching materials, effectively control the teaching materials, introduce new knowledge and new problems that adapt to the development of the times into the classroom, organically combine with the content of the teaching materials, guide students to actively explore, and cultivate students’ innovation ability.
        Mathematics is a skill, the crystallization of human wisdom, an important symbol of human civilization, the essence of human being's long-term practice, and the height of the world’s natural laws. Therefore, as long as we learn and think in accordance with its rules step by step, we can definitely learn and understand it.
       In a word, mathematics is the use and generalization of natural laws in human labor. It urges people to explore nature, discover the beauty of nature, and make people feel beauty and experience the enjoyment of beauty, so that people can take the initiative to explore and create.


前 言

随着新课程改革理念的深入,学生的主体地位日益显现,教师也应在课堂教学中注意引导学生用新理念、新思路去解决问题,充分发挥学生的自我潜能,培养学生全新的思维品质,使学生具有创新的思维意识,全面促进学生主动探究学习的动机。
     “创新是一个民族的灵魂,是一个国家兴旺发达的不竭动力。”当今世界,科学技术突飞猛进,知识经济已见端倪。教育的发展已经与国家的安危、民族的兴衰息息相关。因此,培养具有创新思维能力的新型人才,已经成为当务之急,创新意识及创新能力的培养,是跨世纪教育的一项重要任务。由于教育本身就是一个创新的过程,这就要求教师必须具有创新意识,我们数学教师有责任通过教学造就一代有创新精神的人。教师要通过挖掘教材,高效地驾驭教材,把与时代发展相适应的新知识、新问题引入课堂,与教材内容有机结合,引导学生去主动探究,培养学生的创新能力。
        数学是一种技能,是人类智慧的结晶,是人类文明的重要标志,是人类在长期的实践中汲取的精华,是世界自然规律的高度。因此,只要按照它的规律,循序渐进的去学、去想,绝对可以学懂。
        总之,数学是人类在劳动中对自然规律的利用和概括,它促使人们去探索自然、发现自然之美,使人们从中感受美、体验美的享受,从而使人们主动去探索、去创造。

ISBN: 978-981-49-7837-8 Date of Publication: 2021
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新生儿期是胎儿的延续,与胎儿和孕母关系密切,因此,新生儿学又是围产医 学的重要组成部分。新生儿各组织器官及其功能尚未发育成熟,而病情变化又非常 快,病死率极高,是最难处理的阶段,要求从事新生儿专业的医务工学工作者具有 丰富的业务知识,精湛的诊疗技术和扎实的专业基础,以降低我国围产儿和新生儿 病死率。 新生儿学是儿科领域中的一个重要组成部分,专业性强,发展迅速。近年来, 新生儿学日益受到重视,一些新的诊疗措施在临床上的应用,使围产期危重儿的发 病率明显减少,提高了新生儿疾病的救治率及生存质量。并随着现代医学和生命科 学的不断进步、新技术和新理论的不断涌现,儿科学在疾病诊疗方面也取得了跨越 式的发展,越来越科学化、细致化、专业化。这就要求儿科医师既要掌握理论知识, 熟悉常见病、多发病的诊治,又要不断扩宽视野,将最新的技术成果应用于临床工 作中,才能更好地为患者服务。

ISBN: 978-981-5010-03-9 Date of Publication: 2021
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评价作为英语课程中的一个重要组成部分,在英语课程发展中起着十分重要的 作用和影响。多元化全方位的评价是为指导教学过程顺利进行而对学生的学习结果 和教师的教学效果的评价,其主要目的是为了发现每个学生的学习潜能,促进学生 的学习,并为教师提供反馈。因而它具有激发学生的内在需要和动机,让学生在课 堂中体验成功的喜悦,发现学习英语的奥妙和乐趣的作用。 小学时期是学生学习英语的初级阶段和黄金时间。在持续发展的素质教育的影 响下,提高小学英语教学效率与教学质量显得尤为关键。英语是一门应用性较强的 学科,必须通过科学、合理的评价,为孩子们提供丰富多彩的学习平台,让学生在 学习过程中不断进步,从而提高英语课堂的教学效率,全面促进综合能力的发展。 为此,本书简单阐述了优化小学英语教学设计的一系列策略,旨在实现理想的小学 英语教学效果。

ISBN: 978-981-5010-42-8 Date of Publication: 2021
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随着经济社会的迅速发展,加快了土木工程建设的步伐,不断的增加了土建工 程建设的数量,同时也对土木工程施工提出了更高的要求。在这种形势下,土木工 程施工中的问题不断增多,严重影响着整个土建工程质量。因此,要增强土木工程 建筑施工管理必须依靠先进的科学技术,提高企业的创新意识,熟练的掌握建筑工 程项目管理的专业知识。此外,工程指导者及作业人员要严格按照规章制度来管理 施工操作。本文首先对土木工程施工特点进行了分析,并通过对土建工程施工管理 中存在的问题探讨提出了一些相应的预防措施。 施工管理的优劣对土木工程质量的好坏有着直接的关系。成功的土木工程施工 管理能产生良好的经济效益和社会效益,只有不断总结其实际施工管理存在的问题, 并在实践中有针对性的探索改善,才能创造一条双赢的土木工程施工管理道路。土 建工程具有投资大,施工周期长的特点,土木工程施工是一项综合复杂的项目,工 程施工质量直接关系着整个工程的质量。近年来,在我国经济社会迅速发展和建筑 市场竞争日益激烈的形势下,土建工程施工建设规模不断的扩大,土木工程施工也 随之出现了拖延工期、施工利润低、施工质量安全、施工管理人才紧缺,施工管理 水平有限等各种问题。这些问题不仅严重影响着整个土建工程质量,威胁着人民的 生命财产安全,而且也在一定程度上损害了国家财产。因此,科学、合理和系统的 研究分析土木工程施工中存在的问题分析与相应的预防措施,具有积极的现实意义。

ISBN: 978-981-5010-05-3 Date of Publication: 2021
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Transportation and national economy are closely related. To realize the modernization of national economy, we must first realize the modernization of transportation. In the comprehensive transportation system, road transportation plays an important role. An important political task deployed by the State Council is to speed up the construction of rural roads. Rural road construction is being widely carried out throughout the country, with unprecedented scale and impact. At the same time, the pace of urbanization in China is speeding up, the scale and level of urban transport infrastructure construction is increasing, especially under the guidance of the policy of “giving priority to the development of urban public transport” and “integration of urban public transport”, the planning and construction of urban rail transit facilities are obviously accelerated, which will promote the modernization process of China’s road traffic construction and management. As an important basis of a series of technical work such as road engineering planning, design and scientific research, road and bridge design theory is also developing and progressing. China has revised the relevant design standards and specifications for many times, and issued or published new standards, specifications and guidelines. The new design concept proposed by the Ministry of transport has become an important guiding principle for future survey and design work, so as to meet the needs of road development in the new era.
        This book focuses on the introduction of basic theories and methods for road design, while the bridge design part focuses on its system structure and pier design. At the same time, it introduces the contents involved in the composition of highway and urban road design documents in various chapters, striving to integrate with the previous theoretical knowledge, so as to provide reference for readers in engineering practice and achieve the purpose of learning for application.


前 言

交通运输与国民经济有着不可分割的密切关系,要实现国民经济的现代化,必须首先实现交通运输的现代化。在综合交通运输系统中,道路运输发挥着重要的作用。国务院部署的一项重要政治任务便是加快农村公路建设,农村公路建设正在全国广泛开展,其规模和影响前所未有。同时,我国城镇化步伐加快,城市交通基础设施建设规模和水平日益提高,特别是在“优先发展城市公共交通”和“城市公共交通一体化”政策的引导下,城市轨道交通设施的规划和建设提速明显,这都将促进中国道路交通建设与管理的现代化进程。作为道路工程规划、设计及科研等一系列技术工作重要基础的道路与桥梁设计理论,也在不断地发展和进步。我国对有关设计标准、规范也作了多次修订,同时颁布或发表了新的标准、规范和指南,交通运输部提出的设计新理念也已成为今后勘察设计工作的重要指导方针,以适应新时期道路发展的需要。
       本书对于道路设计侧重于对基本理论与方法的介绍,桥梁设计部分则重点介绍其体系构造与墩台设计,同时对公路与城市道路设计文件组成中涉及的内容融于各章予以介绍, 力求与前面的理论知识融会贯通, 为读者在从事工程实践时提供参考,达到学以致用的目的。

ISBN: 978-981-49-7836-1 Date of Publication: 2021
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