Hair follicles have relatively independent structure and function, and are one of the smallest organs in human body. Hair is produced in the hair follicle, which plays an important role for animals. In addition to the physiological functions of keeping out the cold, preventing water loss and UV damage, it also has the auxiliary function of attracting the opposite sex through its special color and shape. Human beings have experienced millions of years of evolution. With the changes of diet and living habits, most of the hair follicles in the body have degenerated and will continue to degenerate. For human beings, the important physiological function of hair is no longer needed. However, considering the important auxiliary function of hair to attract the attention of the opposite sex, human beings still hope that it can be maintained. From the aesthetic point of view, we are willing to see the degeneration of hair follicles in the body position. However, after the degeneration of hair follicles in our scalp, that is, hair loss, the current aesthetic concept can not appreciate its beauty. Therefore, the degeneration speed of human hair follicles exceeds the speed of human aesthetic evolution. Hair loss is the evil curse of human face. Now more than half of European men will face serious hair loss problems, and most of contemporary young men will be troubled or anxious by hair loss problems to varying degrees.
      How to protect hair follicles to avoid premature degeneration and atrophy? At present, there is a relatively complete understanding of the anatomical structure of hair follicle. Although there is no very effective drug for the treatment of hair loss, some drugs play an important role in the prevention of hair loss. Hair transplantation technology is a new way to solve the problem of hair loss to a certain extent. Hair follicle regeneration technology provides an ideal solution for the treatment of hair loss in the future. In addition, changing some habits is also an effective way to care for hair follicles. The purpose of this book is to analyze the basic characteristics of hair follicles, analyze the causes of hair loss problems, introduce in detail the drugs and hair transplantation technologies for the treatment of hair loss, look forward to some cutting-edge technologies in the field of hair follicle regeneration, and finally summarize the diet and living habits that can promote hair growth. We hope this book can provide readers with comprehensive and reliable information in the process of understanding and caring for hair follicles.

前 言

毛囊有相对独立的结构和功能，是人体最小的器官之一。毛发产生于毛囊，其对于动物来说有着重要的作用，除了具有御寒、防止水分散失和紫外线伤害等生理功能外，还具有通过其特殊颜色和形态吸引异性的辅助功能。人类经历了数百万年的进化，随着饮食和生活习惯的改变，身体中的大部分毛囊已经退化，而且还会继续保持着退化的趋势。毛发对于动物来说重要的生理功能人类已经不再需要，然而考虑到毛发这种吸引异性注意的这种重要辅助功能人类还希望其能继续保持。从审美角度讲，我们愿意看到身体躯干部位中毛囊的退化，然而当我们头皮中毛囊退化或简称脱发以后，现在的审美观念还并不能欣赏其美，所以说人体毛囊的退化速度超过了人类审美进化的速度。脱发是人颜值的邪恶诅咒。现在有超过一半的欧洲男性会面临严重的脱发问题，当代大部分的青年男性都会被不同程度的脱发问题困扰或为之焦虑。
         如何呵护毛囊使其避免过早的退化和萎缩？目前对毛囊的解剖结构有比较完整的认识，虽然还没有非常有效的治疗脱发药物，但一些药物在预防脱发中有明显的作用。植发技术是可以在一定程度上解决脱发问题的新兴手段。毛囊再生技术为未来治疗脱发问题提供了理想的方案。此外，改变一些生活习惯也是呵护毛囊的有效方式。本书旨在解析毛囊的基本特征，分析脱发问题的原因，同时详细的介绍治疗脱发的药物和植发技术，也展望了毛囊再生领域内的一些前沿技术，最后还总结了可以促进毛发生长的饮食和生活习惯。希望此书可以为读者朋友在了解毛囊、呵护毛囊的过程中提供全面和可靠的信息。

As the basic industry of national economy, mining industry plays an important role in the process of industrial construction and development. With the continuous development of mineral resources, shallow easy to mine resources are decreasing, and the proportion of underground mining is gradually increasing. How to mine underground mineral resources safely and efficiently depends on the quality of mine design to a great extent. Underground mine design is a complex, systematic and comprehensive planning and design of underground mine exploitation, with the mining major as the main body, supplemented by other relevant professional knowledge. Coal industry is the basic industry in China. To develop and revitalize the coal industry, the construction of talent team is the key. In order to implement the strategy of large base and large group, promote economical development, clean development and safe development, and realize sustainable development, a strong professional and technical team must be taken as the guarantee. At present, the coal industry has entered a new historical development opportunity period, but at the same time, it is facing the severe challenges of lack of professional personnel and lagging knowledge updating of coal main body.
         At present, the global and regional environmental problems are becoming more and more serious, which has become the main factor limiting the economic and social development of all countries. It is very urgent to solve the environmental problems. The environmental problem is also one of the difficulties faced by China’s economic and social development, especially in the process of rapid industrialization and urbanization, this problem has become more prominent. China attaches great importance to environmental protection and actively promotes the construction process of ecological civilization in China. The environmental governance in China has never been achieved before. The process of environmental protection and ecological civilization construction has been accelerated obviously, and the environmental quality has been improved. This book mainly introduces the situation of mining and coal development from the perspective of mining technology and management. The development, protection and utilization of mineral resources is an important project of China’s social development, which needs scientific and reasonable management and control, and takes the road of sustainable development of ecological civilization.

前 言

采矿工业作为国民经济基础产业在工业建设与发展过程中占有重要地位。随着矿产资源的不断开发，浅部易采资源量不断减少，地下矿山开采的比重逐渐增加。如何安全、高效地开采地下矿产资源，在很大程度上取决于矿山设计的质量。地下矿山设计是以采矿专业为主体， 辅以其他相关专业知识， 对地下矿床开采进行复杂、系统、综合地规划与设计。
         煤炭工业是我国的基础产业。发展振兴煤炭工业，人才队伍建设是关键。实施大基地、大集团战略，推进节约发展、清洁发展、安全发展，实现可持续发展，必须以强有力的专业技术队伍作保证。当前，煤炭工业已进入新的历史发展机遇期，但同时又面临着煤炭主体专业人才匮乏、知识更新滞后的严峻挑战。目前，全球性和区域性环境问题不断加剧，已经成为限制各国经济社会发展的主要因素，解决环境问题的需求十分迫切。环境问题也是我国经济社会发展面临的困难之一，特别是在我国快速工业化、城镇化进程中，这个问题变得更加突出。我国高度重视环境保护工作，积极推动我国生态文明建设进程。我国环境治理力度前所未有，环境保护工作和生态文明建设的进程明显加快，环境质量有所改善。本文主要从矿山的开采技术和管理等角度来介绍矿山和煤炭开发的情况，矿产资源的开发和保护利用是我国社会发展一项重要的项目，需要对其进行科学合理的管控，走生态文明的可持续发展之路。

With the continuous development of the times, the technical difficulty and complexity of engineering projects are increasing; it is difficult for the original experience of engineering project management to meet the requirements. The essence of project management is to use controllable resources to control and plan the quality, progress and cost of the project and then achieve the maximum results with the minimum investment.
        In recent years, the rapid development of China’s economic level has not only accelerated the pace of China’s urbanization development, but also accelerated the process of China’s urban infrastructure construction to a certain extent. It has also provided greater development space for China’s construction enterprises. As a vital part of construction project management, civil engineering construction project management will not only directly influence the construction speed and the quality of construction engineering, but also affect the quality control and project management of the whole construction process to a certain extent. Therefore, how to use management concept of civil engineering construction project efficiently and reasonably has become the primary task of the construction project management team of the construction enterprise. By achieving this task, the management of civil engineering construction project can be carried out smoothly, the quality control and project management of the construction process can be improved and the smooth implementation of the construction process can be ensured. However, due to the complexity of civil engineering construction project coupled with many variability factors in the construction process, there will be some problems to be solved in the implementation of the construction project and the project management. Therefore, this book will make an in-depth analysis of the existing problems in the current management of the civil engineering construction project and put forward effective solutions so as to improve the quality of the management of the civil engineering construction project.

前 言

随着时代的不断发展，工程项目的技术难度、复杂程度越来越大，原有的工程项目管理经验难以满足。项目工程的管理本质为利用可控制的资源对项目的质量、进度和成本进行控制和计划，用最小的投入取得最大的成绩。
        近年来，我国经济水平上的迅速发展，不仅加快了我国城市化发展的脚步，还在一定程度上加速了我国城市基础设施建设的进程，也为我国建筑施工企业提供了更大的发展空间。而土木工程施工项目管理作为建筑工程施工项目管理中至关重要的一部分，其不仅会直接影响建筑工程的施工速度、建筑质量，还会在一定程度上影响着整个施工过程的质量控制与项目管理工作。因此，如何高效、合理的运用土木工程施工项目的管理观念，并以此展开土木工程施工项目的管理工作，提高对建筑施工过程的质量控制与项目管理力度，确保建筑施工过程的顺利实施现已成为建筑企业施工项目管理团队的首要任务。然而，由于土木工程施工项目较为繁杂，再加上施工过程中的可变性因素较多，在一定程度上使得土木工程施工项目无论是在工程实施上，还是在项目管理上都存在一些问题亟待解决。因此本文将对现阶段在土木工程施工项目管理中的现存问题进行深入分析，并对此提出有效的解决措施，以此提高我国土木工程施工项目的管理质量。

In recent years, the world’s oil prices have skyrocketed. China’s energy supply has become increasingly tight; the degree of dependence on foreign oil is more than forty percent. At present, the old oil fields in China have entered the late stage of its development, which makes it more difficult to develop. The newly discovered oil field mostly produce low permeability and heavy oil, which is difficult to use. In this difficult situation, the production of crude oil still increases slightly every year, which relies on the development and application of new technologies, the promotion of new crafts and the continuous improvement of management and technical level of the oilfield development practitioners. At the same time, the issue of resource and environment has become a very important one in today’s world. However, the development and construction of energy and chemical industry base will inevitably bring about environmental problems. When a large number of builders join the development, the environmental problems become increasingly prominent. Nowadays, the environmental pollution and ecological problems caused by petroleum engineering project have attracted both great attention from both China and other foreign countries. If the problems want to be solved fundamentally in order to achieve the harmonies and sustainable development of human, resources and environment, in addition to legislation of the state and government at all levels, the most important thing is to improve the environmental protection awareness of the practitioners and carry out environmental protection education for the builders to realize economic, environmental and social benefits.

前 言

近年来世界油价飞涨，我国的能源供应日趋紧张，石油的对外依存度在四成以上。目前，我国的老油田都已进入开发后期，开发难度增大；新发现的油田多属低渗和稠油，难于动用。在这种困难形势下，原油产量每年仍略有增加，靠的就是研发应用新技术、推广新工艺和油田开发从业人员的管理及技术水平的不断提高。与此同时，资源与环境问题已是当今世界十分重要的问题，而能源化工基地的开发建设必然带来环境问题，在大量建设者进入开发基地的同时，环境问题也日益突出。由于石油工程项目造成的环境污染以及生态问题受到国内外的高度重视，但是要从根本上解决问题，实现人类与资源、环境的和谐可持续发展，除了国家和各级政府部门的立法外，最重要的是提高从业者的环境保护意识，对建设者进行环境保护教育，实现经济效益、环境效益、社会收益。

In the task of “promoting green building, promoting energy conservation and emission reduction”, professional technicians in the field of building electrical and intelligent play a very important role. The quantity and quality of talents are directly related to the realization of building energy conservation and emission reduction goals in China, and directly affect the development of intelligent and green building industry. It is very important and urgent to develop the undergraduate education of “building electrical and intelligent” major. In order to promote the sustainable development of economy and society, establish a resource-saving and environment-friendly society, and achieve the national energy conservation and emission reduction goals, building energy conservation will play an increasingly important role.
       This book basically expounds the concept and system composition of intelligent building and building intelligent system, and also introduces the basic knowledge of building intelligent system drawing recognition, working principle and technical characteristics of common equipment and equipment and other construction objects, construction steps of building intelligent system engineering, construction quality control and public construction, etc. This book is bound to have omissions, experts and readers are welcome to criticize and correct it. 

前 言

在“推广绿色建筑，促进节能减排”的任务中，建筑电气和智能化领域的专业技术人员发挥着十分重要的作用，人才的数量和素质直接关系我国建筑节能减排目标的实现，直接影响智能与绿色建筑产业的发展，大力发展“建筑电气与智能化”专业本科教育是十分重要和迫切的。为了促进经济社会的可持续发展，建立资源节约型、环境友好型社会，实现国家确定的节能减排目标，建筑节能将发挥越来越重要的作用。
         本书基本阐述了智能建筑与建筑智能化系统的概念及其系统组成，同时也介绍了建筑智能化系统识图的基本知识、常用设备与器材等施工对象的工作原理与技术特性，建筑智能化系统工程的施工步骤，施工质量控制及公共性施工等。本书难免有疏漏之处，敬请广大专家和读者指正。