Water resource is a very important and special natural resource. It is an indispensable precious resource for human beings and all living things. It is an important condition to support the normal operation of life system and non life environment system. At the same time, it is also an important natural resource and material basis for the economic construction and social development of a country or region. If there is less water or no water, it will not be able to maintain the vitality of the earth and the ecological and biological diversity, and it will not be able to carry out various social and economic activities. Therefore, the abundant and dry water resources and the development and utilization of water resources affect the economic development and ecological balance of a region to a great extent, and the sustainable development of water resources is one of the components of the sustainable development of the whole society.
      The sustainable development of water resources refers to the sharing of water resources not only with the present era, but also with future generations. It is not only the sharing of water resources by people, but also the sharing of water resources by people and the environment. It is an important guarantee to realize the sustainable development of water resources to reasonably and comprehensively consider the relationship among water resources, social economy and ecological environment, and reasonably allocate water resources.
    Environment, including natural environment and human environment. Natural environment, composed of biosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere, is the necessary geological condition for people's survival and development, and the sum of various natural factors around human beings. Human activities have a great impact on geology and environment, especially a series of reactions caused by over exploitation of groundwater. This book analyzes and discusses this.

前 言

水资源是一种十分重要而又特殊的自然资源，是人类和一切生物赖以生存的不可缺少的一种宝贵资源，是支撑生命系统、非生命环境系统正常运转的重要条件，同时也是一个国家或地区经济建设和社会发展的重要自然资源和物质基础。如果缺水或无水，将无法维持地球的生命力和生态、生物的多样性，将无法开展各项社会经济活动，因此，水资源的丰枯以及开发利用情况在很大程度上影响着一个地区的经济发展与生态平衡， 水资源的可持续发展是整个社会可持续发展的组成部分之一。
       水资源的可持续发展， 指水资源不仅要实现当今时代的共享， 还要与后代共享，不仅是人对水资源的共享，还有人与环境对水资源的共享，合理全面考虑水资源、社会经济和生态环境之间的关系，进行水资源的合理配置，是实现水资源可持续发展的重要保证。
       环境，包括自然环境和人类环境。自然环境，由生物圈、大气圈、水圈和岩石圈组成， 是人们赖以生存和发展的必要地质条件， 是人类周围各种自然因素的总和。人类活动对地质与环境产生了非常大的影响，尤其对地下水的过度开发所引起的一系列反应。本书对此展开分析与探讨。

Children are the future masters of the world and a new generation of human beings moving towards more enlightened and civilized. Pediatrics carries a good hope and continuously explore the mysteries of life science together with other medical disciplines hoping to be more substantial and perfect. Therefore, with the developing pediatrics to ensure the healthy growth of children, we can better cultivate the pillars of the country and millions of talents and then make the country strong and prosperous.
  From childhood to adulthood, a person’s growth and development follow certain regular patterns. Parents and pediatric workers who master the regular patterns will know how to nurture, teach and protect children in order to let it grow strongly and how to prevent and treat diseases and make them recover as soon as possible. The former one is a vital event that parents pay close attention to and are willing to pay love for; the latter one is a good prescription that medical workers must understand, master and flexibly use. In short, careful care of children is a problem of the whole society.
  In recent years, pediatrics has made great progress in basic research and clinical application. New technology, new methods and new medicine emerges continuously. If children’s common diseases are not diagnosed and treated timely and accurately, the best treatment opportunity will be missed, which leads to serious complications and (or) sequelae and even threaten children’s lives. Therefore, how to make early diagnosis and organize treatment becomes the key to the problem.

前 言

儿童是世界未来的主人，是人类走向更进步、更文明的新一代。儿科学载负着美好的希望与其他医学学科不断探索生命科学的奥秘，祈求更充实、更完善。因此，有了保障儿童健康成长不断发展的儿科学，就能更好地培养国家的栋梁，培育百千万英才，造就国家的强盛和兴旺发达。
      人呱呱坠地，从孩童到成年，生长发育遵循一定的规律，父母们、儿科医护工作者掌握了这个规律，便会知道如何哺育、教养、保健，使之苗壮成长;又如何防病治病，使之尽快康复等等问题。前者，是为人父母所密切关注的，并愿为之付出爱心的切身大事：后者，是广大医务工作者必须了解、掌握和灵活运用的济世良方。概而言之，仔细呵护儿童是全社会问题。
       近年来，儿科学取得了重大突破，在基础研究与临床应用方面均取得了较大进展，新技术、新方法、新药物不断涌现。小儿常见疾病若得不到及时、正确的诊断和治疗，将会错过最佳的治疗时机，导致严重的并发症和(或)后遗症，重者或威胁患儿的生命。因此，如何早期诊断并组织治疗，就成为问题的关键。

With the rapid development of economy, China’s oil gradually appears in short supply. In order to meet the current situation of insufficient oil supply in China, we should not only base ourselves on the exploitation of surface oil fields, but also devote ourselves to the development of offshore oil operations. China is rich in marine resources, offshore oil reserves account for the vast majority of China’s oil reserves, so the development of offshore oil is the focus of China’s oil development.
  In the process of oil exploitation, people began to attach great importance to the economy and environmental protection of resource exploitation, with the help of advanced technology to enhance the comprehensive benefits of oil exploitation. In the background of this era, people need to actively study the problems of oil technology in oil exploitation engineering and develop specific measures. Among them, there is a shortage of oil resources in our country. In order to save and exploit oil resources better and ensure more operation benefits, we need to pay more attention to oil extraction technology, promote the efficient development of oil extraction technology, and provide more reliable guarantee for the smooth progress of oil extraction engineering.
  As an important energy in our daily life, petroleum energy has brought us a lot of convenience. However, we need to pay attention to the fact that petroleum energy is not inexhaustible energy and its reserves are limited. Therefore, we should pay special attention to petroleum exploitation and strive to improve the exploitation efficiency of petroleum energy. But at present, the efficiency of oil energy exploitation is only between 35% and 45%, which shows that the efficiency of oil exploitation is very low, and it is a waste of oil exploitation that there is not enough oil exploitation. With the acceleration of economic globalization, the development of China’s economy and science and technology has also promoted the development of oil exploitation industry. The oil exploitation engineering technology directly affects the development of the oil industry, and also directly affects the efficient development and utilization of oil. Generally speaking, through the continuous innovation and development of oil exploitation engineering technology, it also promotes the continuous development of China’s economy.

前 言

随着经济的迅速发展，我国的石油逐渐出现了供不应求的现象。为了满足我国目前这种供给不足的石油现状，我们不仅要立足于地面油田的开采工作，更要致力于大力发展海上石油作业。我国的海洋资源丰富，海上石油储量是在我国石油储量中占绝大多数，于是发展海上石油是我国石油开发的重点。
        在进行石油开采的时候，人们开始高度重视资源开采的节约性以及环保性，借助先进的技术来提升石油开采的综合效益。在这个时代背景中，人们需要积极地研究石油开采工程中技术石油的问题和发展具体措施。其中我们国家石油资源存在短缺的问题， 要想能够更好地节约以及开采石油资源， 确保可以获得更多的作业效益，就需要增强对于采油技术的重视，促进采油技术的高效化发展，为石油开采工程的顺利进行提供更加可靠的保障。
        作为我们日常生活中的重要能源，石油能源为我们的生活带来了非常多的便利，但是我们需要注意的一点是，石油能源并不是取之不竭的能源，储量有限，因此我们在进行石油开采的时候要格外重视，努力提升石油能源的开采效率。但是目前石油能源的开采效率仅仅达到了 35%到 45%之间，这样就说明目前的石油开采效率非常低下，没有充分的对石油进行开采， 是一种浪费形式的石油开采。随着经济全球化进程的加快，我国经济和科技的发展，也推动了石油开采行业的发展。而石油开采工程技术直接影响石油行业的开发，也直接影响石油的高效开发以及利用。总体来说，通过石油开采工程技术的不断创新和发展，也推动了我国经济的不断发展。

This book comprehensively and systematically expounds the basic research of social security and statistics, combines the reality of the development and reform of social security at home and abroad, starts from the theory and reality of social security, and analyzes relevant cases and reflects the new progress of the theory and practice of social security. On the basis of giving consideration to the unity of theory and practice, the book highlights the applicability and uses more chapters to elaborate the current social security system and its operation. Social statistics is a macro methodological statistical discipline corresponding to economic statistics. On the basis of integrity and practicability, it emphasizes timeliness and practicability, attaches great importance to the updating of data and information and further reflect the guiding role of social statistics on social phenomena.

前 言

本书全面系统地阐述了社会保障与统计基础研究， 结合国内外社会保障发展与改革的实际，从社会保障理论和实际出发，通过相关案例进行了分析，反映了社会保障理论与实践的新进展。在兼顾理论性与实践性统一的基础上，更加突出应用性，将更多章节用于阐述我国现行的社会保障制度及其运行。 社会统计学是与经济统计学相对应的宏观性方法论统计学科。在完整性与实用性的基础上，更强调时效性与实用性，非常注重数据与资料的更新。进一步体现社会统计学对社会现象的指导作用。

In recent years, the accelerated flow of trade, investment, capital, services, information, technology, data and intelligence has become the new normal of the global economy. Global flows in these areas are expected to account for 50% of global GDP by 2025. Under the background of this era, enterprises need to develop new strategies and measures to improve their operation and management innovation ability. In today’s highly competitive but closely connected global market, enterprises not only need to make good use of their tangible resources, but also need to organize, coordinate and manage all kinds of resources. For enterprises, the global linkage and development of the market provides a lot of opportunities for them to build, acquire and use new technologies. However, from these opportunities to maximize the economic benefits of enterprises is facing great challenges. Therefore, it is particularly important for enterprises to establish a feasible operation and management innovation system to guide and promote the development, utilization and upgrading of new technologies. In the field of operation and management innovation, there are many important issues to be solved by scholars and entrepreneurs. The purpose of this book is to find out some urgent problems through the analysis of the current situation of modern enterprise operation and management innovation, so as to solve them through corresponding ways, so as to effectively guide and promote the development of enterprise operation and management innovation.

前 言

近年来，贸易、投资、资本、服务、信息、技术、数据和智力在全球范围内的加速流动成为全球经济的新常态。 预计到 2025 年， 这些领域的全球流动将占到全球GDP 的 50%。在这一时代背景下，企业需要制定新的战略和措施来提升其经营与管理创新能力。在当今竞争异常激烈却又紧密相连的全球市场中，企业不仅需要利用好其有形资源，更重要的是组织、协调和统筹管理好各种资源。对于企业而言，全球化联动和发展的市场为其构建、获取和利用新技术提供了大量的机会。然而，从这些机会中实现企业经济效益的最大化面临巨大挑战。因此，建立可行的经营与管理创新体系，进而指导和促进新技术的开发、利用和升级对于企业尤为重要。在经营与管理创新领域，有许多重要的课题需要学界和企业家去解决。本书的编写旨在通过对现代企业经营与管理创新现状的分析，找出一些亟需解决问题，从而有针对性地通过相应的途径进行解决，以此来达到有效指导并促进企业经营与管理创新发展的目的。