Water is the source of life, is also the source of production and ecology. Water conservancy project is an important infrastructure in China, which involving the industrial and agricultural production, people's life and ecological environment, it also concerns the economic and food security, people's property and personal safety, social stability and national security. Water conservancy project plays an important supporting role in national economic and social development. However, there is no denying that the idea of“ emphasizing construction over management ” of water conservancy facilities has existed in various levels of government for a long time in China, thus We have not paid enough attention to water conservancy and its management.
       Water conservancy project management plays an important role during the process of building an ecological civilization, the goal of water project management is to realize the eco-friendly water conservancy projects. With China's strategic goal of building a moderately prosperous society in all respects, it is an important task to provide the whole society with safe and healthy water for production, life and ecology, how to adapt to the new requirement of economic and social development is a new subject for water conservancy project management. The concept of sustainable and low-carbon development should be followed from the initial project approval design to the later management,and it is necessary to formulate and adjust water conservancy project management policies. Over the past decades, investment in water conservancy projects in China has been rising, the pace of improvement and development of major rivers has been accelerated, a large number of key wanter conservancy projects have been under construction, setting off a new wave of water conservancy projects construction. Because of the different sizes of water conservancy projects have been formed in the upper and lower reaches of basin, How to manage these water conservancy projects of different functions and sizes scientifically and effectively is a new problem faced by administrative departments at all levels.
       Water conservancy is a public, basic and strategic construction. Water conservancy project management is essential to the wanter conservancy, it is also the foundation of quality, safety and function of water conservancy project. It is of great practical significance to strengthen the water conservancy project management and to give the full play to the benefits of water conservancy projects, Moreover, it has far-reaching historical significance to the long-term development of water conservancy, the promotion of sustainable use of water resources and guarantee of sustainable economic and social development.

前 言

水是生命之源泉，也是生活、生产和生态之源，水利工程是中国的重要基础设施，涉及工农业生产、居民生活和生态环境，关系经济安全、粮食安全、居民财产和人身安全、社会稳定、国家安全，对国民经济和社会发展有重要支撑作用。但不可否认，中国长期以来对水利设施“重建设轻管理”的思想在各级政府不同程度地存在，对水利和水利工程管理缺乏应有的重视。
        在中国建设生态文明的进程中，水利工程管理起着重要的作用，实现生态友好型水利工程是水利工程管理的目标。随着中国建设全面小康社会战略目标的提出，为全社会提供安全健康的生产、生活、生态用水是一项重要任务，水利工程管理如何适应经济社会发展的新要求是一个新课题，从工程初始的立项设计直至后期的管理都要遵守可持续、低碳发展理念，适时制定、调整水利工程管理政策是非常必要的。近十几年来中国水利工程投资建设不断增大，大江大河治理和开发步伐明显加快，一大批重点水利工程相继开工建设，掀起了水利工程建设的新高潮。在流域的上下游形成了规模大小不等的水利工程群，如何科学有效地管理这些不同功能、规模的水利工程设施又是各级管理部门面临的新问题。
        水利具有很强的公益性、 基础性和战略性。 水利工程管理是水利工程的生命线，是水利工程质量保障、安全、功能发挥的基础。加强水利工程管理、充分发挥水利工程效益无疑具有重要的现实意义，而且对水利事业长远发展，对促进水资源的可持续利用，对保障经济社会的可持续发展具有深远的历史意义。

Water conservancy is one of the infrastructures of our national economy. The development of water conservancy project construction is an important task for our country. With the rapid development of modern science and technology, the process of water conservancy project construction is accelerating, and the subsequent project construction management is also constantly improving, and it is gradually changing from a traditional experience management model to a modern management model. Because large and medium-sized water conservancy projects generally have the characteristics of large investment scale, long construction period, complicated engineering technology, and high construction risk. After the quality management organization enters the site, it is necessary to carry out adequate quality management preparations. The construction quality management of water conservancy projects directly affects the quality problems of water conservancy projects, which makes the construction quality management of water conservancy projects have norms to follow.
       In the process of water conservancy project construction, project management and control play a key role in project cost, construction safety, construction progress and construction quality. It can not only control the cost input, strengthen the allocation of resources, but also maintain the order of project construction and ensure the smooth completion of the project. However, from the current situation of water conservancy project construction management and control, there are some objective factors, such as incomplete management and control system, insufficient management and control supervision, and project geographical environment, which lead to problems such as construction safety. These problems increase the difficulty of project management and control to some extent. In view of this situation, the water conservancy project management and control departments and the control personnel must strengthen management and control, implement new control systems and methods, optimize and transform the original control methods, ensure the advancement and applicability of the project control system, and meet the requirements of the current water conservancy project management and control.

前 言

水利是我国国民经济的基础设施之一，发展水利工程建设是我国的一项重要任务。随着现代科技的迅猛发展，水利工程建设的进程也在不断加快，随之而来的工程建设管理也在不断提高，并逐渐由传统型的经验管理模式转换为现代化的管理模式。由于大中型水利工程一般都具有投资规模大、 工程建设周期长， 工程技术模杂，工程建设风险大等特点。质量管理机构进场后，进行充分的质量管理准备工作是必需的，水利工程施工质量管理的好坏直接影响到水利工程的质量问题，在对水利工程施工质量管理过程中有规范可依。
        在水利工程建设过程里，项目管控在工程造价、建设安全、建设进度和建设质量等各个方面都施展着关键作用。既可以控制成本投入，强化资源配置，又能维持项目建设的秩序，保证项目的顺利竣工。但是，从水利工程建设管控的现状来看，存在管控体系不完备、管控监督不足、项目地理环境等客观因素，致使建设安全等问题呈现。这些问题在某些程度上增加了项目管控的难易程度。考虑到这种情况，水利工程管控部门和管控人员必需加强管控，实施新的管控制度和方法，优化改造原有的管控方法，确保项目管控系统的先进性和适用性，满足当今水利工程管控的要求。

Due to the rapid development of China’s economy, the rapid development of the construction industry, and the increasing number of construction projects, we need to strengthen the construction management, and constantly improve the quality of engineering construction. In the process of building construction, there are many defects and deficiencies in the traditional construction technology, which can not make full use of various resources, but also have a serious impact on the construction environment. In the face of this situation, green energy-saving building construction technology should be shipped out, which can not only avoid the problems of resource waste and environmental pollution, but also promote the implementation of China’s sustainable development strategy.
        At present, due to the continuous improvement of people’s living standards, in the process of construction management, people increase the application of green construction concept. By taking green building construction management measures, not only can effectively improve the construction quality of construction projects, but also to a large extent to avoid excessive loss of resources, effectively prevent environmental pollution. Based on this, in the process of building engineering construction, we should not only strengthen the construction management, but also pay attention to the green building construction management, so as to promote the sustainable development of China’s construction engineering.
   In the construction of construction engineering, construction management is particularly important. Construction management of construction engineering involves many contents, such as quality, safety, progress, etc. only comprehensive control can ensure the quality and quantity of construction engineering. In addition, due to the deepening of the concept of environmental protection, people begin to increase the demand for green construction. In order to realize green construction, we must increase the management of green construction. By carrying out a series of green construction management, we can save resources on the basis of environmental protection, which is the mainstream trend of construction management development in the future.

前 言

由于我国经济的快速发展，建筑行业发展迅猛，同时建筑工程建设数量日益增多，只有加大施工管理力度，不断提高工程建设质量。在建筑施工过程中，传统的施工技术存在诸多的缺陷与不足，对于各项资源不能进行充分利用，还会对施工环境造成严重的影响。面对这种现状，绿色节能建筑施工技术应运而出，不仅能够很好的避免出现资源浪费、环境污染等问题，同时还有利于促进我国可持续发展战略的实施。
        目前，由于人们生活水平的不断提升，在进行建筑工程施工管理的过程中，人们加大了对绿色施工理念的应用。通过采取绿色建筑施工管理措施，不但可以有效提升建筑工程的施工质量，而且在很大程度上避免资源出现过度损耗现象，有效防止环境出现污染。基于此，在进行建筑工程施工的过程中，不仅要加大施工管理力度，更要注重绿色建筑施工管理，从而促进我国建筑工程的可持续发展。
        在进行建筑工程施工的时候，进行施工管理尤为重要。建筑工程施工管理涉及到的内容较多，比如质量、安全、进度等，只有全面进行控制，才能保证建筑工程保质保量的完成。另外，由于人们环保理念的不断深入，开始加大了对绿色施工的需求，为了实现绿色施工，必须要加大绿色施工管理。通过开展一系列的绿色施工管理，能够在保护环境的基础上节约资源，这是未来建筑工程施工管理发展的主流趋势。

The resource crisis of mines, the collapse of mining enterprises, the decline of the supply capacity of mineral products, the unemployment of workers, the loss of economic support of resource-based cities (towns), and the forced transformation of industries have caused a series of social problems. This is a prominent problem encountered by China’s mining industry at the end of the 20th century, which has attracted the attention of all parties. For this reason, the state has taken measures to support the mining enterprises to carry out the exploration of replacement resources, and also put forward how to promote the sustainable development of mining enterprises, especially large and medium-sized mining enterprises.
        In the past, there was a lack of systematic and in-depth research on the sustainable development of mining enterprises. It is generally believed that the mineral resources are non renewable and limited. For a specific mining area, the mineral reserves are fixed. After the mine is completed for development activities, the mineral reserves will only be less and less. Finally, the resources will be exhausted and the mine will be closed. This is the natural law. Through a large number of investigation and analysis, we can see that many mining enterprises use various methods to reasonably develop and utilize the proved mineral reserves, and constantly explore the deep and edge of the mining area in the process of development and mining, so as to find new mineral sources and prolong the life of the mine. A large number of facts show that even in a specific mining area, geological exploration can not be completed at one time. With the development of the mine, the understanding of the metallogenic law is deepening. New orebodies can be found in the deep and edge of the mining area, and even new types of deposits and new minerals can be found, which is also a natural law. We sum up these successful practical experiences, preliminarily sort out several main methods and ways for sustainable development of mining enterprises, and explore the problem of resource crisis mines at a deep level. This not only has a practical enlightenment for those mining enterprises that do not pay attention to the rational development and utilization of resources, or even waste resources, and do not know to reserve resources as soon as possible, but also has a certain reference role for the competent departments of mining industry to reform the mining system and guide the healthy development of mining industry according to the scientific outlook on development.

前 言

矿山发生资源危机，矿山企业倒闭，矿产品供给能力下降，职工失业，资源型城市（镇）经济失去支撑，产业被迫转型，引起一系列社会问题，这是 20 世纪末我国矿业遇到的一个突出问题，引起了各方面的注意。国家为此采取措施支持矿山企业进行接替资源勘查，同时也提出了如何促进矿山企业特别是大中型矿山企业的可持续发展问题。
        矿山企业的可持续发展问题，过去缺少系统深入的研究。一般认为，矿产资源是不可再生的、有限的，对特定矿区来说，矿产储量是既定的，在矿山建成进行开发活动以后，矿产储量只会越采越少，最终资源枯竭矿山闭坑，这是自然规律。通过大量调查分析， 我们看到许多矿山企业用各种办法合理开发利用探明的矿产储量，并在开发、开采过程中对矿区深部、边部不断进行勘探，寻找新的矿源，以延长矿山寿命。大量事实说明，即使在特定矿区，地质勘查工作也往往不可能一次完成。随着矿山开发的进展，对成矿规律的认识不断加深，可以在矿区深部、边部发现新的矿体，甚至发现新类型矿床和新矿种，这也是一个自然规律。总结这些成功的实践经验，初步理出几条矿山企业可持续发展的主要方法和途径，并在深层次上探究资源危机矿山问题，不仅对那些不重视资源合理开发利用，甚至浪费资源，更不知道要及早储备资源的矿山企业有切实的启示作用，同时对矿业主管部门改革矿业体制，按照科学发展观指导矿业健康发展，也具有一定的参考作用。

In recent years, with the rapid development of China’s national economy and the deepening of urbanization, the construction industry has developed rapidly in recent years. The development of the construction industry provides a better external environment for the production and life of our society, so that the living standard and quality of the public has been rapidly improved. However, with the emergence of construction quality and safety problems, more and more people pay attention to the construction work.
        At present, there is still a big gap between China’s construction technology and western countries. We need to conduct a comprehensive analysis and research on this gap, narrow this gap in a short period of time, and effectively improve the construction quality of construction projects. In order to improve their own technical level, construction enterprises should not only actively adopt the above suggestions and countermeasures, but also absorb the promotion theory and various practical experience of the industry, and actively learn from foreign advanced construction technology to improve the construction technology level of China’s construction industry.
     To ensure the construction quality and safety production plays an important role in promoting the safety of people’s production and property. With the increasing number of construction projects, we should strengthen the management and control of construction quality and safety production. From the design stage to the completion stage, we should fully combine with the specific needs of the project, deepen the safety education and training of construction personnel, and increase the application of new technology and new equipment, so as to improve the safety factor of construction. Only by ensuring the quality and safety of construction, can it bring higher economic and social benefits for enterprises.

前 言

近些年来，我国的国民经济快速发展，城市化的进程也在不断深入，建筑工程行业在近几年来得到了快速发展。建筑工程行业的发展为我国社会的生产与生活提供了更好的外部环境，使社会大众的生活水平与质量得到了快速提高。但是，建筑施工质量与安全问题的出现，使得建筑工程施工工作受到更多人的关注。
       目前，我国的建筑工程的施工技术与西方国家相比还存在较大的差距，需要我们对这种差距进行全面的分析和研究，在较短的时间内缩小这种差距，切实提高建筑工程的施工质量。建筑企业要想提高自身的技术水平，除了要积极采纳上述建议和对策之外，还应该吸收行业的推广理论以及各种实践经验，并积极借鉴国外先进的建筑工程施工技术，提升我国建筑行业的施工技术水平。
       保证建筑施工质量和安全生产对人民生产财产安全起着重要的促进作用。随着建筑项目的不断增多，更应要加强管控建筑施工质量和安全生产，从设计阶段到完工阶段都应充分结合项目具体需求来进行，深化建筑施工人员的安全教育培训，加大新工艺和新设备的应用，从而提高建筑施工安全系数。只有确保建筑施工的质量安全，才能够为企业带来较高的经济效益及社会效益。