With the rapid development of China’s economy, the scale of engineering construction is becoming larger and larger, and the quality requirements of engineering projects are also higher and higher. A large number of compound talents who are familiar with engineering technology, economy, management, law and other related knowledge and skills are needed. Therefore, engineering technology and management personnel must master certain knowledge of engineering economics.
     The teaching objective of engineering economics course is to understand the relationship between engineering technology and economic effect, to be familiar with the basic process of engineering technology scheme optimization, to master the economic analysis methods in construction engineering technology, economy and management, to have a wide range of knowledge, to master the professional knowledge and skills of supervisors, and to have the ability to conduct economic analysis on the actual project scheme.
      Financial management is based on the objective existence of financial activities and financial relations in the process of enterprise reproduction. It is an economic management work for enterprises to organize financial activities and deal with various financial relations. Through the management of capital movement and value form, it penetrates into all management fields like production and operation of enterprises. Financial management is the management of asset purchase (investment), capital financing (financing), cash flow (working capital) and profit distribution. Financial management is an integral part of enterprise management. It is an economic management work to organize enterprise financial activities and deal with financial relations according to financial laws and regulations and the principles of financial management. In modern enterprise management, financial management is a systematic project involving a wide range, comprehensive and restrictive. It is a comprehensive management of planning, decision-making and control of enterprise capital flow through value form. It is the core content of engineering economy and enterprise management.

前 言

随着我国经济快速发展，工程建设规模越来越大，工程项目质量要求也越来越高，需要一大批既懂工程技术，又熟悉经济、管理、法律等相关知识和技能的复合型人才。因此，工程技术和管理人员必须掌握一定的工程经济学知识。
        工程经济学课程教学目标是了解工程技术与经济效果之间的关系，熟悉工程技术方案优选的基本过程，掌握建筑工程技术、经济、管理工作中经济分析方法具有较宽广的知识面，掌握监事专业知识技能具备对实际工程项目方案进行经济分析的能力。
        财务管理是基于企业再生产过程中客观存在的财务活动和财务关系而产生的，是企业组织财务活动、处理与各方面财务关系的项经济管理工作。它通过对资金运动和价值形态的管理，像血液一样渗透贯通到企业的生产、经营等一切管理领域。财务管理是在一定的整体目标下，关于资产的购置（投资）、资本的融通（筹资）和经营中的现金流量（营运资金），以及利润分配的管理。财务管理是企业管理的一个组成部分，它是根据财经法规制度，按照财务管理的原则，组织企业财务活动，处理财务关系的一项经济管理工作。在现代企业管理当中，财务管理是一项涉及面广、综合性和制约性都很强的系统工程。它是通过价值形态对企业资金流动进行计划、决策和控制的综合性管理，是工程经济、企业管理的核心内容。

With the continuous development of social economy, the requirements of urban road construction are constantly improving. The normal use and service life of municipal roads are the problems that must be paid attention to in the construction of municipal roads. Due to the development of national economy and the acceleration of urban construction, people have higher and higher requirements for transportation system. In particular, the development of municipal roads has an important impact on people’s normal life and driving safety of vehicles. The quality of municipal road construction projects not only directly affects urban roads, flood control and environmental protection, but also directly affects people’s work and daily life, so it has an important position that can not be ignored. Therefore, in order to ensure the normal use of municipal roads, the normal operation of the city, people’s normal life, we must carry out scientific and reasonable design of municipal roads. Bridge engineering in ancient China has made remarkable achievements, Zhaozhou Bridge is a very good example, it is the crystallization of the collective wisdom of our people. At present, with the rapid development of high technology, China’s bridge construction has made great achievements. In the aspect of bridge construction, construction technology is also in constant innovation. Bridge engineering has always been a difficulty in transportation, but with the joint efforts of people, many unimaginable difficulties have been overcome. We have completed one great feat after another.

      This book aims to start with the basic concepts of municipal roads and bridges, through the exploration of road construction technology and bridge construction technology, so as to find the problems existing in the existing construction technology, so as to better improve the municipal road construction technology and bridge construction technology, improve the quality and efficiency of the whole road construction and bridge construction, and better improve the travel of people with convenience.

前 言

随着社会经济的不断发展，城市道路建设的各项要求也在不断提高，市政道路的正常使用以及其使用寿命是市政道路建设中必须要重视的问题。由于国民经济的发展以及城市建设步伐的加快，人们对交通系统的要求也越来越高。尤其是市政道路的发展与人们的正常生活及车辆的行驶安全都有着重要影响，市政道路施工工程质量的高低，不仅直接影响着城市道路、防洪、环保问题，也直接关系着人们的工作和日常生活， 因此具有不容忽视的重要地位。 所以为了保证市政道路的正常使用，城市的正常运转，人们的正常生活，必须对市政道路进行科学合理的设计。桥梁工程在中国的古代就已经取得了骄人的成绩，赵州桥就是一个非常好的实例，其是我国人民集体智慧的结晶。目前，随着高科技的快速发展，我国的桥梁建设已经取得了不小的成绩。在桥梁建设方面，施工技术也在不断进行革新。桥梁工程历来都是交通运输工作中的难点，但是，在人们集思广益的共同努力下，克服许多无法想象的困难。完成了一个又一个的伟大壮举。
        本书旨在从市政道路以及桥梁的基本概念入手，通过对道路施工技术和桥梁施工技术探究，从而发现现有施工技术中所存在的问题，从而更好地对市政道路施工技术和桥梁施工技术进行改进，提高整个道路施工以及桥梁施工的质量和效率，更好的为人们的出行提供便利。

With the development of the world economy and the gradual increase of population, food and environmental problems have become the main problems facing human survival. In order to ensure the sustainable and stable development of social economy and meet the needs of more and more people for food and other crops, it is necessary to focus on the research of crop planting technology and agricultural development, and seek a new agricultural planting development mode that meets the requirements of social development. In the course of social and economic development since the 21st century, human beings have clearly realized that the promotion of industrialization has created a lot of material wealth for mankind and accelerated the progress of human civilization, but it has also brought many adverse consequences to human beings in varying degrees. In addition, with the rigid growth and demand of population, human beings must adhere to the road of sustainable development. Under such a macro background, a new mode of agricultural production or a new mode of agricultural development is bound to emerge, and “green agriculture” emerges as the times require.
     China is a big agricultural country in the world, and the rural population accounts for nearly 70% of the total population. The sustainable development of agriculture is related to the national economy and people’s livelihood and social stability, as well as the overall problems of deepening Reform and Development and modernization. Planting is an important foundation of agriculture. China should speed up the development of modern agriculture, enhance the comprehensive agricultural production capacity, and ensure the national food security and effective supply of important agricultural products. This book focuses on crop planting technology and agricultural sustainable development, and puts forward the corresponding agricultural development concept.

前 言

随着世界经济的发展，人口逐步增加，粮食与环境问题成为人类生存所面临的主要问题，为了保障社会经济能够持续稳定的发展，满足越来越多的人对粮食等农作物的需求，需要重点对农作物种植技术和农业发展进行研究，寻求符合社会发展要求的新型农业种植发展模式。 21 世纪以来社会和经济发展的历程，人类已经清醒地认识到， 工业化的推进为人类创造了大量的物质财富， 加快了人类文明的进步，但也不同程度的给人类带来诸多不良后果，再加上人口的刚性增长和需求，人类必然要坚持走可持续发展道路。在这样的宏观背景下，必然要催生一种新的农业生产方式或新的农业发展模式，“绿色农业”又应运而生了。
         我国是世界农业大国，农村人口占全国总人口的近 70%，农业的可持续发展问题关系到国计民生和社会的稳定， 关系到深化改革开发和现代化建设全局的大问题。种植业是农业的重要基础，我国要要加快发展现代农业，增强农业综合生产能力，确保国家粮食安全和重要农产品有效供给。本书着重对农作物种植技术和农业可持续性发展做了研究，并提出了相应的农业发展理念。

The construction organization design of building decoration engineering is a controlled technical and economic document to guide the construction preparation and organization of engineering construction. It takes a building decoration project as the object, uses the basic principles and methods of overall planning, adopts advanced construction technology and management methods, and plans and deploys construction and production activities predictably, formulates scientific and reasonable construction scheme and technical organization measures, and carries out comprehensive planning for the whole building decoration project, so as to realize the balanced production in an organized, planned and orderly way, and achieve the purpose of completing the engineering tasks quickly, with high quality and high efficiency. It is the main responsibility of the project management personnel to organize the decoration project construction and control and manage the progress of the project. Therefore, it is an important task for the project management personnel to compile, review and apply the construction organization design.
      As far as the building decoration engineering is concerned, it has the characteristics of short construction period, strict quality, many working procedures, complex material varieties, and many intersections with other specialties. It is difficult to organize construction and schedule control, and its construction organization design and schedule management rules are also unique. This book is mainly from the construction engineering management theory, through the construction project management, decoration engineering bidding, decoration engineering construction technology, engineering acceptance and safety fire prevention and other aspects of research, so as to deepen the interpretation of building decoration engineering, improve the efficiency of the entire construction project decoration.

前 言

建筑装饰装修工程施工组织设计是指导工程施工准备和组织工程施工的控制性的技术经济文件。它是以一个建筑装饰装修工程为对象，运用统筹的基本原理和方法，采用先进的施工技术和管理方法，有预见性地规划和部署施工生产活动，制定科学合理的施工方案和技术组织措施，对整个建筑装饰装修工程进行全面规划，以实现有组织、有计划、有秩序地均衡生产，达到快速、优质、高效地完成工程任务的目的。组织好装饰装修工程施工并对工程的进度进行控制与管理是工程管理人员的主要职责。因而，编制、审查、应用好施工组织设计，是项目管理人员的一项重要任务。
        就建筑装饰装修工程而言， 它除了具有一般建筑工程的特点外， 还具有工期短、质量严、工序多、材料品种复杂、与其他专业交叉多等特点，在组织施工及进度控制上难度较大，且其施工组织设计与进度管理的规律也具有独特之处。本书主要是从建筑工程管理理论入手，通过对建筑施工项目管理、装饰工程的招投标、装饰工程的施工技术、工程验收以及安全防火等方面进行研究，从而加深对于建筑装饰装修工程的解读，提高整个建筑工程装修的效率。

Architectural expression is the original source of inspiration for architectural designers. The original design elements are recorded in the picture. Although these hand-painted drawings are not accurate, the moment of expression is related to the design inspiration and ideas, and all kinds of design ideas and variation process are left in the picture. Therefore, architectural hand-painted not only brings quick design scheme, but also directly captures the visual image and design effect of the building for the architectural designers. At this time, the planning and design and hand drawing are at odds with each other. There are many design elements such as appearance modeling, regional space, function and so on. There are many hand-painted masters among architectural designers. As a student of Architecture Department and future architect, in the stage of learning architectural design, we should pay attention to the relationship between art and design, improve aesthetic consciousness and artistic accomplishment, and strive to make architectural art and planning design complement each other.
    This paper is mainly from the perspective of architectural aesthetics, learning the basic knowledge of architectural aesthetics, and understanding the relevant knowledge of landscape architecture planning and modern architectural planning and design, so as to deepen the understanding of architectural construction, so as to better plan and reasonably layout the building, and harmonize and coexist with nature, so as to realize the sustainable development of architecture.

前 言

建筑表达是建筑设计师最初设计灵感的来源，画面中记录了当初设计的要件，尽管这些手绘并非精准，但是表达的瞬间与设计灵感和思想关联，画面中时刻留下各种设计思路与变异过程，因此建筑手绘不仅仅带来快捷的设计方案，同时直接为建筑设计师捕捉建筑的视觉形象和设计效果，此时的规划设计与手绘互为相左。建筑的外观造型、区域空间、功能等诸多设计要素应有尽有。在建筑设计师中有许多手绘高手。作为建筑系学生、未来的建筑设计师，在学习建筑设计阶段，应当重视美术与设计的关系， 提高审美意识和艺术修养， 力求建筑美术与规划设计相得益彰。
        本文主要是从建筑美学出发，学习建筑美学的基本知识并且了解园林建筑规划以及现代建筑规划设计的相关知识，加深对于建筑建造的理解，从而更好地规划和合理布局建筑，与自然相和谐、共生，实现建筑的可持续发展。